Karakum may refer to:

• Karakum Desert, a desert in Central Asia
• Aral Karakum Desert
• Karakum (film), a 1994 Turkmen film
• Karakum Canal, Turkmenistan
• Karakum District, Turkmenistan

• Karakoram, a large mountain range spanning the borders of India, Pakistan and China
• Karakorum, a medieval city in Mongolia