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Help:IPA/Khmer

The charts below show the way in which the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA) represents Khmer language pronunciations in Wikipedia articles. For a guide to adding IPA characters to Wikipedia articles, see Template:IPA and Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Pronunciation § Entering IPA characters.

Consonants

Full Subscript Initial Value Final Value[1] Series[2]
ក ្ក k k, ʔ 1
ខ ្ខ kʰ k 1
គ ្គ k k, ʔ 2
ឃ ្ឃ kʰ k 2
ង ្ង ŋ ŋ 2[3]
ច ្ច c c 1
ឆ ្ឆ cʰ none [4] 1
ជ ្ជ c c 2
ឈ ្ឈ cʰ none [4] 2
ញ ្ញ ɲ ɲ 2[3]
ដ ្ដ ɗ t̪ 1
ឋ ្ឋ t̪ʰ t̪ 1
ឌ ្ឌ ɗ t̪ 2
ឍ ្ឍ t̪ʰ t̪ 2
ណ ្ណ n̪ n̪ 1
ត ្ត t̪, ɗ[5] t̪ 1
ថ ្ថ t̪ʰ t̪ 1
ទ ្ទ t̪ t̪ 2
ធ ្ធ t̪ʰ t̪ 2
ន ្ន n̪ n̪ 2[3]
ប ្ប ɓ, p[6] p 1
ផ ្ផ pʰ p 1
ព ្ព p p 2
ភ ្ភ pʰ p 2
ម ្ម m m 2[3]
យ ្យ j j 2[3]
រ ្រ r - , r[7] 2[3]
ល ្ល l̪ l̪ 2[3]
វ ្វ ʋ /ʋ/, /w/ 2[3]
ស ្ស s h 1
ហ ្ហ h none [4] 1
ឡ - l̪ none [4] 1
អ ្អ ʔ none [4] 1


Dependent Vowels

Vowel 1st Series Value 2nd Series Value[2]
អ ɑː ɔː
អា aː eə
អិ e i, ɪ
អី ej iː
អឹ ɜ ɨ
អឺ əː ɨː
អុ o u
អូ oː uː
អួ uə
អូវ ɜw ɨw
អើ aə əː
អឿ ɨə
អៀ iə
អេ eː
អែ ae ɛː, eː
អៃ aj ɪj, ɨj
អោ ao oː
អៅ aw əw, ɨw
អុំ om um
អំ ɑm um
អាំ am ɑm, oə̯m
អះ ah eəh
អិះ eh ih
អឹះ ɜh ɨh
អែះ aeh, eh eh
អុះ oh uh
អេះ eh ih, eh
អោះ ɑh uəh, ɔh


Independent Vowels

Vowel IPA
ឥ ʔe
ឦ ʔej
ឧ ʔu
ឩ ʔuː
ឪ ʔɜw, ʔɨw
ឫ rɨ
ឬ rɨː
ឭ lɨ
ឮ lɨː
ឯ ʔae
ឰ ʔaj
ឱ, ឲ ʔao
ឳ ʔaw

Notes

  1. ^ The stops /p, t, c, k/ have no audible release when occurring as syllable finals, as in Cantonese
  2. ^ a b Khmer consonants belong to two classes that dictate the value of dependent vowels.
  3. ^ a b c d e f g h Can be changed to 1st series by stacking a ហ above the subscript form. See here for further details.
  4. ^ a b c d e never occurs at the end of words
  5. ^ ត is used by orthographic convention to represent ɗ in disyllabic words whose underlying form is spelled with ត or ថ as opposed to derivatives of bases spelled with ដ, which keep the original ដ for ɗ.
  6. ^ in certain words of Pali or Sanskrit origin
  7. ^ final រ is silent (not transcribed) in central dialects of Cambodia and Vietnam, represents a trill in Northern Khmer dialects of Thailand

See also

Quelle: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Help:IPA/Khmer