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Carmine Caracciolo, 5th Prince of Santo Buono

Carmine Nicolao Caracciolo
Prince of Santo Buono
Portrait by Evaristo San Cristóval
26th Viceroy of Peru
In office
October 5, 1716 – January 26, 1720
MonarchPhilip V
Preceded byDiego Morcillo Rubio de Auñón
Succeeded byDiego Morcillo Rubio de Auñón
Personal details
BornJuly 5, 1671
Bucchianico, Kingdom of Naples
DiedJuly 26, 1726(1726-07-26) (aged 55)
Madrid, Spain
Spouse
Giovanna Costanza Ruffo
​
​
(m. 1695; died 1715)​

Carmine Nicolao Caracciolo, 5th Prince of Santo Buono, Grandee of Spain (July 5, 1671 – July 26, 1726) was Spanish Viceroy of Peru from October 5, 1716 to January 26, 1720.

Early life

Caracciolo was born on July 5, 1671 in Bucchianico, Kingdom of Naples.[1] His name was spelt several different ways, including Carmine Nicola Caracciolo, Carmine Niccolo Caracciolo, Carmine Nicolás Caracciolo and Carmino Nicolás Caracciolo.[a]

Caracciolo was born in 1671 in Bucchianico, Naples into an old noble family of Naples. A prince of the Holy Roman Empire, he was the son of Marino V Caracciolo, 4th Prince of Santo Buono, and his wife, Donna Giovanna Caracciolo dei Principi di Torella (both were members of the Caracciolo family by birth).

Career

When his father died in 1694, he succeeded him as Prince of Santo Buono, Duke of Castel di Sangro, Marquis of Buccianico and several other titles. A cultured man of letters, he married Donna Giovanna Costanza Ruffo dei Duchi di Bagnara next year.

A supporter of the House of Bourbon, Naples send him to pay homage to King Philip V in 1701. Next year, the king appointed him ambassador extraordinary to Rome and created him Grandee of Spain. In 1704, Caracciolo passed to Venice as ordinary ambassador, a post he performed until 1711.

In 1707, when Naples passed to the Crown of Austria, his property in this country was confiscated. In 1711, he moved to Madrid. Philip V appointed him Viceroy of Peru in 1713 to replace the Marquis of Castelldosrius although he delayed some time in traveling to America. In 1715, he embarked from Cadiz to Peru with his family and a court, but unfortunately his wife died during the travel giving birth to one of his sons.

He arrived in Cartagena de Indias on the warships of the Count of Vega Florida and entered Lima on October 5, 1716. In celebration of his arrival, the poet Pedro de Peralta Barnuevo published a panegyric in his honor, as did Bermúdez de la Torre, "El sol en el zodíaco". Soon, Caracciolo became aware of the corruption in the politics and commerce of the viceroyalty. He brought with him orders from the Crown to end the French contraband, something that had been protected and encouraged by his immediate predecessors.

In 1717, the Viceroyalty of New Granada was created in northern Peru, from the Audiencias of Bogotá, Quito and Panama. However this establishment lasted only until 1724, when the territories were returned to the Viceroyalty of Peru. (The Viceroyalty of New Grenada was reestablished on a more permanent basis in 1734.)

Among the notable events of his administration were the following. He was unable to halt the contraband. During his administration missionaries made many converts in the mountains, and the College of Ocopa was founded. An epidemic affected 60,000 of the Indigenous. A royal order prohibited the branding of black slaves. Because of abuse by encomenderos of the system of mita, Caracciolo solicited its abolition. However, the king did not act on his recommendations.

On August 15, 1719 the first total eclipse of the sun recorded in Lima since the Spanish conquest occurred, just before noon. It was necessary to light house lights, and the eclipse inspired processions of penitents.

He served as viceroy until 1720.

Personal life

In 1695, he married Donna Giovanna Costanza Ruffo dei Duchi di Bagnara (1679–1715), a daughter of Francesco Ruffo, 2nd Prince of Motta San Giovanni, 4th Duke of Bagnara and Giovanna Lanza (a daughter of Lorenzo II Lanza, 5th Count of Mussomeli). Before her death during childbirth, they were the parents of:

He died in Madrid, on July 26, 1726.[1]

Descendants

Through his daughter Giovanna Irene, he was a grandfather of Victor Philip Ferrero Fieschi, Prince of Masserano, the Spanish Ambassador to the United Kingdom.

Through his daughter Maria Luisa, he was a grandfather of Marcantonio Colonna of Stigliano, 3rd Prince of Sonnino, the Viceroy of Sicily.

Notes

  1. ^ In full, 'Don Carmine Nicolás Caracciolo, quinto príncipe de Santo Buono, octavo duque de Castel de Sangro, duodécimo marqués de Buquianico, conde de Esquiabi, de Santobido y de Capracota, barón de Monteferrato, Castillón, Belmonte, Roca Espinalberti, Frainefrica, Grandinarca y Castelnuovo, señor de Nalbeltide y de la ciudad de Auñón, y grande de España de primera clase'.
  2. ^ His name is sometimes noted as Jacques-François Milano Franco-Arragon, 2nd Prince of Ardore.

References

  1. ^ a b Barometro, Raffaele. "CARACCIOLO, Carmine Nicola". Dizionario Biografico degli Italiani. Enciclopedia Italiana. Retrieved 18 June 2019.
  2. ^ Venditti, Gianni (2008). Archivio Boncompagni Ludovisi: Indici e alberi genealogici (in Italian). Archivio segreto vaticano. p. 43. ISBN 978-88-85042-55-1. Retrieved 28 February 2025.
  3. ^ de Expilly, Jean-Joseph (1753). Della casa Milano libri quattro, dedicati a consecrati dall'abbate Expilly . (in Italian). nella stamperia di Giuseppe Barbou alla Cicogna nella strada di San Giacomo. p. 357. Retrieved 28 February 2025.
  4. ^ Giry-Deloison, Charles; Mettam, Roger (1995). Patronages Et Clientélismes, 1550-1750: France, Angleterre, Espagne, Italie. Centre d'histoire de la région du Nord et de l'Europe du Nord-Ouest. pp. 47, 54–55. ISBN 978-2-905637-21-5. Retrieved 28 February 2025.
  5. ^ Rendina, Giuseppe; Blasi, Rocchina Maria Abbondanza (2000). Storia di una città: Potenza : da un manoscritto della seconda metà del sec. XVII (in Italian). Edisud. p. 361. ISBN 978-88-85224-95-7. Retrieved 28 February 2025.
  6. ^ Yordanova, Iskrena; Cotticelli, Francesco (15 November 2019). Diplomacy and the Aristocracy as Patrons of Music and Theatre in the Europe of the Ancien Régime. Hollitzer Wissenschaftsverlag. ISBN 978-3-99012-770-4. Retrieved 28 February 2025.
  7. ^ Sartori, Claudio (12 November 2024). I libretti italiani a stampa dalle origini al 1800. Catalogo analitico con 16 indici: Vol. III, E–K, n° 8619-14077 (in Italian). Hollitzer Wissenschaftsverlag. p. 55. ISBN 978-3-99094-246-8. Retrieved 28 February 2025.
  8. ^ Díaz-Rubín, José Ignacio Conde y; Ruiz, Javier Sanchiz (2008). Historia genealógica de los títulos y dignidades nobiliarias en Nueva España y México: Casa de Austria (in Spanish). Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México. pp. 348, 423. ISBN 978-970-32-4999-2. Retrieved 28 February 2025.
  9. ^ Scrittori d'Italia (in Italian). 1941. p. 73. Retrieved 28 February 2025.
  10. ^ Vico, Giambattista (1941). Versi d'occasione e scritti di scuola: con appendice e bibliografia generale delle opere (in Italian). G. Laterza. p. 73. Retrieved 28 February 2025.
  11. ^ Crollalanza, Giovanni Battista di; Crollalanza, Goffredo di; Crollalanza, Aldo di (1887). Annuario della nobiltà italiana (in Italian). Presso la direzione del Giornale araldico. p. 243. Retrieved 28 February 2025.
  12. ^ "Giovanni Costanzio Cardinal Caracciolo". www.catholic-hierarchy.org. Catholic-Hierarchy. Retrieved 28 February 2025.
  13. ^ Recca, Cinzia (25 November 2016). The Diary of Queen Maria Carolina of Naples, 1781-1785: New Evidence of Queenship at Court. Springer. p. 398. ISBN 978-3-319-31987-2. Retrieved 28 February 2025.

Further reading

Government offices
Preceded by Viceroy of Peru
1716–1720 		Succeeded by
Quelle: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carmine_Caracciolo,_5th_Prince_of_Santo_Buono