Aleppo Arabic
Aleppo Arabic | |
---|---|
Aleppine Arabic | |
Arabic: اللهجة الحلبية | |
Native to | Syria |
Afro-Asiatic
| |
Arabic alphabet Arabic chat alphabet | |
Language codes | |
ISO 639-3 | (covered by apc) |
Glottolog | alep1241 |
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Aleppo Arabic or Aleppine Arabic is the urban Arabic variety spoken in the city of Aleppo.
Phonology
Aleppo Arabic is characterised by the usage of /d͡ʒ/ instead of the typical urban /ʒ/ used in Damascus Arabic and in Lebanese Arabic.[2] It agrees with Lebanese Arabic with its usage of medial imāla which often turns /aː/ into /eː/. Also has /t͡ʃ/, which is not typical of urban Levantine dialects.[3]
Consonants
Labial | Dental/Alveolar | Palatal | Velar | Pharyngeal | Glottal | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
plain | emph. | |||||||
Nasal | m | n | ||||||
Stop/ Affricate |
voiceless | (p) | t | tˤ | t͡ʃ | k | ʔ | |
voiced | b | d | dˤ | d͡ʒ | (ɡ) | |||
Fricative | voiceless | f | s | sˤ | ʃ | x | ħ | h |
voiced | (v) | z | zˤ | ɣ | ʕ | |||
Trill | r | |||||||
Approximant | l | j | w |
- Other sounds /p, v, ɡ/ appear in loanwords.
- /t, tˤ/, /d, dˤ/ are phonetically dental [t̪, t̪ˤ], [d̪, d̪ˤ].
- /k/ may also be articulated as post-palatal [c̠], as can /ɡ/ as [ɟ̠] from loanwords.
- Although the dialect pronounces the Old Arabic reflex /q/* as a glottal stop /ʔ/, a uvular /q/ may also be heard in loanwords from Standard Arabic. It may also commonly be pronounced as an emphatic glottal stop [ʔˤ].
Vowels
Front | Central | Back | |
---|---|---|---|
Close | i iː | u uː | |
Mid | e eː | ə | o oː |
Open | a aː |
- /a, aː/ is typically heard as [æ, æː] when in palatal consonant environments or when preceding most non emphatic consonants. It is heard as [ɒ, ɒː] when in emphatic environments.[4]
References
- ^ "Glottolog 5.0 - Aleppo". glottolog.org. Retrieved 2024-10-29.
- ^ Versteegh, Kees. Encyclopedia of Arabic language and linguistics. Brill. pp. v2.494. ISBN 9004144730.
- ^ Versteegh, Kees. Encyclopedia of Arabic language and linguistics. Brill. pp. v2.313. ISBN 9004144730.
- ^ Touma, Edy (2023). Comparative study of the communal variations in the dialect of Aleppo (with focus on that of the Syriac Quarter) with notes on the Aramaic substrate of the dialect. Uppsala University.