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Trivouno

Trivouno
Settlement
Village church
Village church
Trivouno is located in Greece
Trivouno
Trivouno
Coordinates: 40°44′25″N 21°17′55″E / 40.74028°N 21.29861°E / 40.74028; 21.29861
CountryGreece
Geographic regionMacedonia
Administrative regionWestern Macedonia
Regional unitFlorina
MunicipalityFlorina
Municipal unitFlorina
CommunitySimos Ioannidis
Time zoneUTC+2 (EET)
 • Summer (DST)UTC+3 (EEST)

Trivouno (Greek: Τρίβουνο, before 1927: Τύρσια – Tyrsia;[1][2] Macedonian: Трсје, Trsje)[3] was a village in Florina Regional Unit, Macedonia, Greece. Situated at an altitude of 1,156 m (3,793 ft), the abandoned village is located 15 kilometres south–west from Florina.[3][4][5] It was part of the community of Simos Ioannidis.

History

Tyrsia was a Slavic–Macedonian village.[6] The inhabitants were Christian and belonged to the Bulgarian Exarchate.[4] Due to its mountainous location, Tyrsia experienced poverty and gurbet (economic migration).[6] In the 19th century, the first village school was established by Father Gerasim, an Exarchist priest.[7] Following the Ilinden Uprising (1903), economic migration from the village changed toward a transatlantic direction and over time its population of youth decreased.[8] The village population numbered 900 in 1912.[4]

Village school, 1866

War and new borders severed the wider area from the economic centres of Bitola and Korçë, leaving only Thessaloniki.[8] Tyrsia had some pro–Bulgarian supporters and the Greek state viewed the village with suspicion.[8] People from Tyrsia fought in Greco-Turkish War (1919–1922) in Anatolia and in Albania.[8] The village population numbered 650 in 1928[4] and 629 in 1940.[5]

In World War Two, Trivouno was on the borderline of the Italian and German occupation zones in Greece.[9] The first guerrilla fighters in the village originated from the Bitola area.[9] During 1943, the National Liberation Front (EAM), a Greek resistance organisation controlled Trivouno and by mid–1944, they recognised a Slavic–Macedonian presence.[9] Throughout the conflict, inhabitants experienced difficult living circumstances, a black market economy formed and Italian troops stole local poultry.[9] Community tensions emerged as some villagers supported either the Bulgarian or Greek–Monarchist causes.[9]

Many people joined the Democratic Army of Greece (DAG) during the Greek Civil War and in mid–1947, Greek government forces razed Trivouno.[10] Villagers became dispersed, while 115 children were evacuated to Yugoslavia and other Eastern Bloc countries with some family reunions occurring 20 years later.[10] The defeat of DAG made many inhabitants go into exile, either to Yugoslav Macedonia or Soviet Uzbekistan.[10] In 1951, Trivouno had 284 people.[5]

Difficult economic circumstances made the remaining population immigrate to either Canada or Australia and settle among earlier migrants from the village who left in the 1930s.[10] Trivouno had 229 inhabitants in 1961.[5] For reasons of development and security, the Greek government during the late 1960s forcibly relocated the remaining inhabitants to the neighbourhoods of Florina.[10][11] The Greek census of 1991 recorded 2 people in Trivouno.[10]

References

  1. ^ Institute for Neohellenic Research. "Name Changes of Settlements in Greece: Tyrsia – Trivouno". Pandektis. Retrieved 16 February 2025.
  2. ^ Hellenic Agency for Local Development and Local Government. "Διοικητικές Μεταβολές των Οικισμών: Τύρσια – Τρίβουνο" [Administrative Changes of Settlements: Tyrsia – Trivouno]. EETAA (in Greek). Retrieved 16 February 2025.
  3. ^ a b Lory 2000, para 4.
  4. ^ a b c d Miska, Marialena Argyro (2020). Επώνυμοι Τόποι: Ονομασίες Οικισμών στην Περιοχή της Φλώρινας [Named Places: Names of Settlements in the Florina Region] (Master's thesis) (in Greek). University of Western Macedonia. p. 79. Retrieved 16 February 2025.
  5. ^ a b c d Laiou, Angeliki E. (1987). "Population Movements in the Greek Countryside during the Civil War". In Bærentzen, Lars; Iatrides, John O.; Langwitz Smith, Ole (eds.). Studies in the History of the Greek Civil War, 1945–1949. Museum Tusculanum Press. p. 80. ISBN 9788772890043.
  6. ^ a b Lory 2000, para 5.
  7. ^ Lory 2000, para 6.
  8. ^ a b c d Lory 2000, para 7.
  9. ^ a b c d e Lory 2000, para 9.
  10. ^ a b c d e f Lory, Bernard (2000). "Kičevski (Nikola), Trsje i Trsjani (Le village de Trsje et ses habitants),. Skopje: Association des enfants réfugiés de la partie égéenne de la Macédoine, 1998, 307 p." [Kičevski (Nikola), Trsje i Trsjani (The village of Trsje and its inhabitants),. Skopje: Association of Refugee Children from the Aegean Part of Macedonia, 1998, 307 p.]. Balkanologie (in French). 4 (1). para. 10. doi:10.4000/balkanologie.2204.
  11. ^ Kostopoulos, Tassos (2011). "How the North was won. Épuration ethnique, échange des populations et politique de colonisation dans la Macédoine grecque" [How the North was won. Ethnic cleansing, population exchange and settlement policy in Greek Macedonia]. European Journal of Turkish Studies (in French) (12). para. 56, footnote. 63. doi:10.4000/ejts.4437.
Quelle: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trivouno