Mahamahopadhyay Pandit Mahesh Chandra Nyayratna Bhattacharyya CIE
Born	(1836-02-22)22 February 1836 Narit, Bengal Presidency, British India (now West Bengal, India)
Died	12 April 1906(1906-04-12) (aged 70)
Known for	Sanskrit Academic administration Social welfare Philosophy
Title	Companion of the Order of the Indian Empire (1881) Mahamahopadhyay (1887)
Scientific career
Fields	Sanskrit, academics, academic administration, social welfare, philosophy
Institutions	Sanskrit College University of Calcutta Narit Nyayratna Institution Hungarian Academy of Sciences Bengal Asiatic Society Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science Anthropological Society of Bombay Government Engineering College, Shibpur

Mahamahopadhyay Pandit Mahesh Chandra Nyayratna Bhattacharyya CIE (22 February 1836 – 12 April 1906) was an Indian scholar of Sanskrit and the principal of the Sanskrit College between 1876 and 1895. He was a colleague of Ishwar Chandra Vidyasagar and participated in the Bengal Renaissance.

Mahesh Chandra Nyayratna Bhattacharyya was born on 22 February 1836 to a Kulin Brahmin family, the Bhattacharyya family of Narit. His father, Harinarayan Tarkasiddhanta, and his two uncles, Guruprasad Tarkapanchanan and Thakurdas Churamani, were well-known Pandits. His elder brother, Pandit Madhab Chandra Sarbabhauma, was the Sabha Pandit of Mahishadal Raj.

In 1848, he married Mandakini, the daughter of Pandit Ram Chand Tarkabagis, in Jehanabad, Hooghly.

He had a daughter, Manorama, and three sons: Manmatha Nath Vidyaratna Bhattacharyya (born April 1863), who became the first Indian Accountant General of Madras, Munindra Nath Bhattacharyya (born February 1868), who served as a Vakil of the High Court of Calcutta, and Mahima Nath Bhattacharyya (born April 1870), who became a Collector in the Department of Excise of the Government of India.

He died on 12 April 1906, at the age of 70.

In 1876, he succeeded Prasanna Kumar Sarbadhikari as the principal of the Sanskrit College. During his 19-year tenure, he introduced the Sanskrit Title Examination to confer titles on students of special departments of Sanskrit learning.

He later started a secondary Anglo-Sanskrit school in his native village of Narit, named the Narit Nyayratna Institution.

He wrote and edited Kavya Prakas, Mimansa Darshan, and the Black Yajur Veda. He also wrote pamphlets, including remarks on Dayananda Saravati's Veda-Bhashya, Tulasidharan Mimansa, the authorship of Mrichchhakatika and Lupta Samvatsara.

He contributed to the development of roads and infrastructure, such as tramways, in Narit and Howrah.

The title of Mahamahopadhyay was conferred on 16 February 1887, on the occasion of the Jubilee of the reign of Queen Victoria, for eminence in oriental learning. It entitled him to take rank in the Durbar immediately after the titular Rajas.

Mahesh Chandra Nyayratna was made a Companion of the Most Eminent Order of the Indian Empire (CIE) on 24 May 1881. He also held the title of Nyayratna.

He was elected as a member or held a position in the following institutions:

• Foreign member of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences at Budapest
• Member of the Bengal Asiatic Society
• Member of the Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science
• Member of the University of Calcutta
• Member of the Central Text Book Committee of Bengal
• Member of the Behar Sanskrit Samaj
• Member of the Anthropological Society of Bombay
• Joint Secretary of the Hindu Hostel Committee
• Member of the Bethune College Committee
• Visitor at the Government Engineering College at Shibpur, Howrah^[1]

He was also in charge of Sanskrit education during the Bengal presidency, which then comprised the present West Bengal, Bihar, and Orissa states.^[2]

Nyayratna Lane^[3] and Manmatha Bhattacharyya Street in Shyambazar, North Kolkata, are named after him.

• Mahesh Chandra Nyayratna Bhattacharyya, ed. (1889). The Mimansa Darsana (Bibliotheca Indica) (in Hindi). Baptist Mission Press.

• Lethbridge, R. (1893). The Golden Book of India: A Genealogical and Biographical Dictionary of the Ruling Princes, Chiefs, Nobles, and Other Personages, Titled Or Decorated of the Indian Empire. Aakar Books. ISBN 9788187879541. Retrieved 21 August 2015.
• Ramakrishnavivekananda.info
• Swami Vivekananda in India: A Corrective Biography by Rajagopal Chattopadhyaya
• Commonground.ca
• Myth and Mythmaking by Julia Leslie
• Frankreport.com/vivekananda/KnownLetters
• Complete Works of Swami Vivekananda, Volume 6, Conversations and Dialogues
• Reminiscences of Swami Vivekananda by A. Srinivasa Pai