Khabash
| Khabash | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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| Khababash, Khabbash | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
![Part of the Stela of Nastasen mentioning (row 13) the Egyptian invader Kambasuten (most likely Khabash)[1]](https://www.bahnsport-info.de/bahnsport-info-wikipedia/speedway/?rdp_we_resource=http%3A%2F%2Fen.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FFile%3AStela_Nastasen_Kambasuten_Lepsius.jpg) Part of the Stela of Nastasen mentioning (row 13) the Egyptian invader Kambasuten (most likely Khabash)[1] | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Pharaoh | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Reign | c.338 – c.335 BC | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Predecessor | Artaxerxes III | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Successor | Artaxerxes IV or Darius III | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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| Dynasty | 31st Dynasty[3] | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Khabash, also Khababash or Khabbash, was Pharaoh of Egypt in the 4th century BC. During the second Persian occupation of Egypt (343–332 BC), he led a revolt against the Persian rule for two or three years from ca. 338 BC, a few years before the conquest of Egypt by Alexander the Great.[4]
Little is known about Khabash. He is referred to as "Lord of both lands",[5] i.e. King of Upper and Lower Egypt, and as "Son of Ra", another pharaonic title, and given the throne name of Senen-setep-en-Ptah in a decree by Ptolemy Lagides,[6] who became King Ptolemy I Soter in 305 BC.
Sometime in the 330s BC, a ruler called Kambasuten – who is widely recognized as Khabash – led an invasion into the kingdom of Kush which was defeated by king Nastasen as recorded in a stela now in the Berlin museum.[7][8] An Apis bull sarcophagus bearing his name was found in the Serapeum of Saqqara, dating to his second regnal year.[9]
References
- ^ Gauthier, Henri (1916). Le Livre des rois d'Égypte IV. MIFAO. Vol. 20. Cairo. p. 139. OCLC 473879272
{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link) (here misinterpreted as Cambyses II). - ^ Henri Gauthier, op. cit., p. 196.
- ^ Placed in this dynasty only for chronological reasons, as he was not related to the Achaemenids.
- ^ Burstein, S.M. (2012). Dictionary of African Biography. Vol. 3. Oxford University Press. p. 345. ISBN 978-0-19-538207-5.
- ^ Records of the Past Being English Translations of the Assyrian and Egyptian Monuments. Adamant Media. 2001. p. 73.
- ^ "Decree of the Satrap Ptolemy Lagides". attalus.org. Retrieved 2025-02-22.
- ^ "Stela of Nastasen". attalus.org. Retrieved 2025-02-22.
- ^ Ruzicka, Stephen (2012). Trouble in the West. Oxford University Press. p. 204. ISBN 978-0-19-976662-8.
- ^ Burstein, S.M. (2012). Dictionary of African Biography. Vol. 3. Oxford University Press. p. 346. ISBN 978-0-19-538207-5.