MamirauĂĄ Sustainable Development Reserve
| MamirauĂĄ Sustainable Development Reserve | |
|---|---|
| Reserva de Desenvolvimento SustentĂĄvel MamirauĂĄ | |
IUCN category VI (protected area with sustainable use of natural resources) | |
  Map of Brazil | |
| Location | Amazonas, Brazil |
| Nearest city | Tefé |
| Coordinates | 2°16âČS 65°41âČW / 2.26°S 65.68°W[1] |
| Area | 4,300 sq mi (11,000 km2)[2] |
| Designation | Sustainable development reserve |
| Established | 1996 |
| Official name | MamirauĂĄ |
| Designated | 4 October 1993 |
| Reference no. | 623[3] |
The Mamirauå Sustainable Development Reserve (Portuguese: Reserva de Desenvolvimento Sustentåvel Mamirauå) in the Brazilian state of Amazonas, near the city of Tefé, is a 4,300-square-mile (11,000 km2) reserve near the village of Boca do Mamirauå. It includes mostly Amazonian flooded forest and wetlands. The ribeirinhos are native to the area.[4]
Location
The MamirauĂĄ Sustainable Development Reserve is divided between the municipalities of Uarini (18.68%), Tonantins (1.24%), MaraĂŁ (26.74%), JapurĂĄ (1.33%) and Fonte Boa (52.01%) in the state of Amazonas. It has an area of 1,124,000 hectares (2,780,000 acres).[5] It covers the elongated triangle between the SolimĂ”es River (Upper Amazon) to the south, the Auati-ParanĂĄ Canal, which leaves the SolimĂ”es and meanders in a generally eastward direction to join the JapurĂĄ River to the north, and the JapurĂĄ from the junction with the Auati-ParanĂĄ to the point where it joins the SolimĂ”es.[6] It adjoins the AuatĂ-ParanĂĄ Extractive Reserve to the north. The AmanĂŁ Sustainable Development Reserve lies on the opposite bank of the JapurĂĄ to the east.[6]
Protection
MamirauĂĄ is recognised by the international Ramsar Convention, as a wetland of global importance, as well as part of a World Heritage Convention's natural site. At present, it is included in one of the ecological corridors to be implemented by the PPG-7 Program for the Protection of Brazilian Tropical Forests.
JaĂș National Park was inscribed by UNESCO as a World Heritage Site in 2000.[7] It became part of the Central Amazon Ecological Corridor, established in 2002.[8] In 2003 the property was expanded by the addition of the Anavilhanas National Park, AmanĂŁ Sustainable Development Reserve and MamirauĂĄ Sustainable Development Reserve to form the Central Amazon Conservation Complex, a larger World Heritage Site.[7]
The reserve is the legacy and life work of Brazilian scientist José Mårcio Ayres.
MamirauĂĄ has a human population estimated in 6,306 individuals, including amazonian caboclo, Ticuna, Cambeba and Cocama Amerindian groups.
MarirauĂĄ also protects against the illegal hunting of caiman crocodiles, an endangered species due to human hunting for the sale of their skins.
Wildlife
The reserve is in the SolimÔes-Japurå moist forests and Purus vårzea eco regions.[9][10] There are two endemic primates, the white uakari (Cacajao calvus calvus) and black-head squirrel monkey (Saimiri vanzolinii). The reserve is also home of other kinds primates, such as the Juruå red howler monkey, the Peruvian spider monkey, pygmy marmosets and saki monkeys. The reserve also harbours other arboreal mammals species such as the brown-throated sloth, the South American coati, the northern Amazon red squirrel and the collared anteater.[11] Land mammals are not that common as most of the territory is flooded during the wet season, although jaguars may reside and remain in the forest even during flooding.[12] Mamirauå hosts a large diversity of birds, with more than 400 species recorded, including toucans, harpy eagle, hoatzin, parrots and, specially, aquatic birds. The most conspicuous fish species are tambaqui, piranha and pirarucu. Mamirauå is ideally situated to view the Amazon river dolphins, both boto and tucuxi.
See also
References
- ^ "MamirauĂĄ State Sustainable Development Reserve". protectedplanet.net.
- ^ "Peering at the future". The Economist. 17 June 2004.
- ^ "MamirauĂĄ". Ramsar Sites Information Service. Retrieved 25 April 2018.
- ^ MamirauĂĄ Sustainable Development Reserve
- ^ RDS MamirauĂĄ â ISA, InformaçÔes gerais.
- ^ a b RDS MamirauĂĄ â ISA, InformaçÔes gerais (mapa).
- ^ a b Central Amazon Conservation Complex â UNESCO.
- ^ CEC Central da AmazĂŽnia â ISA, Ăreas relacionadas.
- ^ SolimĂ”es-JapurĂĄ moist forest â Myers.
- ^ Sears.
- ^ Rabelo, Rafael M.; BiccaâMarques, JĂșlio CĂ©sar; AragĂłn, Susan; Nelson, Bruce Walker (2017). "Are fluvial islands "real" islands for arboreal mammals? Uncovering the effect of patch size under the speciesâarea relationship". Journal of Biogeography. 44 (8): 1802â1812. doi:10.1111/jbi.13034. ISSN 1365-2699.
- ^ Kelly, Bruno. "Brazil jaguars find safe haven in rainforest trees". The Wider Image. Retrieved 2019-01-28.
Sources
- CEC Central da AmazĂŽnia (in Portuguese), ISA: Instituto Socioambiental, retrieved 2016-10-17
{{citation}}: CS1 maint: publisher location (link) - Central Amazon Conservation Complex, UNESCO, retrieved 2016-05-05
- RDS MamirauĂĄ (in Portuguese), ISA: Instituto Socioambiental, retrieved 2016-10-21
{{citation}}: CS1 maint: publisher location (link) - Sears, Robin, Northern South America: Northern central Brazil: NT0156, WWF:World Wildlife Fund, retrieved 2017-03-15
{{citation}}: CS1 maint: publisher location (link) - "SolimÔes-Japurå moist forest", Global Species, Myers Enterprises II, retrieved 2017-03-26
Further reading
- Koziell, Izabella; Inoue, Christina Y. A. (2002). MamirauĂĄ Sustainable Development Reserve, Brazil. IIED. ISBN 978-1-84369-241-6.
- Bannerman, Matt; Marigo, Luiz Claudio; AzevĂȘdo, Aline Da Rin P. (2001). MamirauĂĄ: A Guide to the Natural History of the Amazon Flooded Forest. Instituto de Desenvolvimento SustentĂĄvel MamirauĂĄ. ISBN 978-85-88758-02-5.
