This is a list of the known highest mountains in Colombia, with an elevation of at least 4000 meters above sea level and a topographic prominence of at least 200 meters. Note that there may be other mountains that satisfy these criteria but are missing from this list because one of the characteristics (e.g. elevation or prominence) have not been measured or published yet.

Elevations of 4000–4500, 4500–5000, and 5000+ meters approximately correspond to the superparamo, nival, and glacial biomes in Colombia, respectively. In the superparamo zone, conditions are generally cold, wet, and windy; most precipitation falls as rain, while snow is occasional. In the colder nival zone, snow and rain are frequent and can occur throughout the year. In the coldest glacial zone, precipitation falls as snow, ice can accumulate, and glaciers form. The boundaries between these zones vary due to local climatic conditions, and have also changed over time. In the 20th century, glaciers were recorded reaching as low as 4000 meters above sea level.

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This is a list of all known mountains in Colombia that have a topographic prominence of at least 600 meters. Note that there may be other mountains that satisfy this criterion but are missing from this list because their prominences have not been measured or published yet.