Zhigansk
Zhigansk Жиганск | |
|---|---|
| Other transcription(s) | |
| • Sakha | Эдьигээн |
 Nikolskaya Church of Zhigansk | |
 Coat of arms | |
Location of Zhigansk  | |
  Zhigansk Location of Zhigansk  Zhigansk Zhigansk (Sakha Republic) | |
| Coordinates: 66°46′N 123°23′E / 66.767°N 123.383°E | |
| Country | Russia |
| Federal subject | Sakha Republic[1] |
| Administrative district | Zhigansky District[1] |
| Rural okrug | Zhigansky Rural Okrug[1] |
| Founded | 1632 |
| Rural locality status since | 1783 |
| Elevation | 60 m (200 ft) |
| Population | |
• Total | 3,420 |
| • Capital of | Zhigansky Rural Okrug[1] |
| • Municipal district | Zhigansky Municipal District[3] |
| • Rural settlement | Zhigansky Rural Settlement[3] |
| • Capital of | Zhigansky Rural Settlement[3] |
| Time zone | UTC+9 (MSK+6  [4]) |
| Postal code(s)[5] | 678330, 678349 |
| OKTMO ID | 98622410101 |
Zhigansk (Russian: Жига́нск; Yakut: Эдьигээн, romanized: Ecigên) is a rural locality (a selo) and the administrative center of Zhigansky District in the Sakha Republic, Russia, located on the left bank of the Lena River near where it is joined by its tributary the Nuora (Strekalovka), approximately 600 kilometers (370 mi) northwest of Yakutsk, the capital of the republic. Population: 3,420 (2010 Census);[2] 3,346 (2002 Census);[6] 4,511 (1989 Soviet census).[7]
History
It was founded in 1632 as an ostrog by Cossacks led by Pyotr Beketov.[citation needed] In 1783, Zhigansk was granted town status and made the seat of a newly created uyezd within Yakutsk Oblast.[citation needed] It lost this function in 1805 with the dissolution of the uyezd, but remained the most northerly town on the Lena until 1917, when it was demoted to rural status.
In 1930, Zhigansk became the administrative center of the newly created Zhigansky District, which was declared an "Evenk National District" due to its large population of Evenks. In 2002, Evenks represented around 47% of the local population and Yakuts a further 34%.
Transportation
Zhigansk is served by the Zhigansk Airport.[8]
There is no year-round road access to Zhigansk, but during the summer months, Yakutsk is reachable via boat on the Lena. In the months when the river is frozen, a winter road also leads to Yakutsk.
Climate
Zhigansk is located in a border of continental subarctic climates Dfc, Dsc and Dfd, Dsd under the Köppen climate classification with extremely cold and long winters and short mild summers.
Despite having an extreme subarctic climate, the town is not quite as cold in winter as some towns with a similar climate, such as Verkhoyansk or Oymyakon, both of which are located further east in deep valleys where perpetual temperature inversions occur during the winter.
| Climate data for Zhigansk | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Record high °C (°F) | −8.2 (17.2) |
−10.1 (13.8) |
6.5 (43.7) |
11.9 (53.4) |
28.5 (83.3) |
34.0 (93.2) |
34.6 (94.3) |
30.6 (87.1) |
25.0 (77.0) |
10.4 (50.7) |
1.7 (35.1) |
−10.4 (13.3) |
34.6 (94.3) |
| Mean daily maximum °C (°F) | −33.7 (−28.7) |
−29.9 (−21.8) |
−16.6 (2.1) |
−2.8 (27.0) |
7.2 (45.0) |
18.6 (65.5) |
21.7 (71.1) |
17.4 (63.3) |
8.1 (46.6) |
−6.6 (20.1) |
−24.5 (−12.1) |
−33.5 (−28.3) |
−6.2 (20.8) |
| Daily mean °C (°F) | −36.7 (−34.1) |
−33.6 (−28.5) |
−22.0 (−7.6) |
−8.4 (16.9) |
2.6 (36.7) |
13.3 (55.9) |
16.5 (61.7) |
12.5 (54.5) |
4.0 (39.2) |
−9.8 (14.4) |
−27.8 (−18.0) |
−36.3 (−33.3) |
−10.5 (13.2) |
| Mean daily minimum °C (°F) | −40.1 (−40.2) |
−37.5 (−35.5) |
−27.2 (−17.0) |
−14.2 (6.4) |
−2.0 (28.4) |
7.8 (46.0) |
11.1 (52.0) |
7.4 (45.3) |
0.1 (32.2) |
−13.0 (8.6) |
−31.4 (−24.5) |
−39.5 (−39.1) |
−14.9 (5.2) |
| Record low °C (°F) | −59.6 (−75.3) |
−58.1 (−72.6) |
−51.9 (−61.4) |
−44.4 (−47.9) |
−22.6 (−8.7) |
−4.5 (23.9) |
−2.1 (28.2) |
−5.4 (22.3) |
−21.7 (−7.1) |
−42.6 (−44.7) |
−53.4 (−64.1) |
−60.0 (−76.0) |
−60.0 (−76.0) |
| Average precipitation mm (inches) | 16 (0.6) |
14 (0.6) |
15 (0.6) |
17 (0.7) |
25 (1.0) |
45 (1.8) |
48 (1.9) |
52 (2.0) |
41 (1.6) |
47 (1.9) |
24 (0.9) |
16 (0.6) |
360 (14.2) |
| Average precipitation days (≥ 0.1 mm) | 22.7 | 17.7 | 14.1 | 11.8 | 10.9 | 13.1 | 9.6 | 12.1 | 15.3 | 25.6 | 24.3 | 20.8 | 198 |
| Average relative humidity (%) | 76.1 | 76.0 | 72.7 | 63.0 | 57.9 | 61.3 | 67.2 | 76.1 | 78.0 | 85.0 | 80.5 | 76.0 | 72.5 |
| Mean monthly sunshine hours | 9.3 | 96.6 | 215.5 | 286.5 | 299.2 | 330.0 | 337.9 | 243.4 | 130.5 | 57.4 | 22.5 | 0.0 | 2,028.8 |
| Source: climatebase.ru (1948–2011)[9] | |||||||||||||
References
Notes
- ^ a b c d e f Registry of the Administrative-Territorial Divisions of the Sakha Republic
- ^ a b Russian Federal State Statistics Service (2011). Всероссийская перепись населения 2010 года. Том 1 [2010 All-Russian Population Census, vol. 1]. Всероссийская перепись населения 2010 года [2010 All-Russia Population Census] (in Russian). Federal State Statistics Service.
- ^ a b c Law #173-Z 353-III
- ^ "Об исчислении времени". Официальный интернет-портал правовой информации (in Russian). June 3, 2011. Retrieved January 19, 2019.
- ^ Почта России. Информационно-вычислительный центр ОАСУ РПО. (Russian Post). Поиск объектов почтовой связи (Postal Objects Search) (in Russian)
- ^ Federal State Statistics Service (May 21, 2004). Численность населения России, субъектов Российской Федерации в составе федеральных округов, районов, городских поселений, сельских населённых пунктов – районных центров и сельских населённых пунктов с населением 3 тысячи и более человек [Population of Russia, Its Federal Districts, Federal Subjects, Districts, Urban Localities, Rural Localities—Administrative Centers, and Rural Localities with Population of Over 3,000] (XLS). Всероссийская перепись населения 2002 года [All-Russia Population Census of 2002] (in Russian).
- ^ Всесоюзная перепись населения 1989 г. Численность наличного населения союзных и автономных республик, автономных областей и округов, краёв, областей, районов, городских поселений и сёл-райцентров [All Union Population Census of 1989: Present Population of Union and Autonomous Republics, Autonomous Oblasts and Okrugs, Krais, Oblasts, Districts, Urban Settlements, and Villages Serving as District Administrative Centers]. Всесоюзная перепись населения 1989 года [All-Union Population Census of 1989] (in Russian). Институт демографии Национального исследовательского университета: Высшая школа экономики [Institute of Demography at the National Research University: Higher School of Economics]. 1989 – via Demoscope Weekly.
- ^ "Zhigansk Airport". OurAirports. Retrieved January 19, 2013.
- ^ "Zhigansk, Russia". Climatebase.ru. Retrieved January 21, 2013.
Sources
- Official website of the Sakha Republic. Registry of the Administrative-Territorial Divisions of the Sakha Republic. Zhigansky District. (in Russian)
- Государственное Собрание (Ил Тумэн) Республики Саха (Якутия). Закон №173-З №353-III от 30 ноября 2004 г. «Об установлении границ и о наделении статусом городского и сельского поселений муниципальных образований Республики Саха (Якутия)», в ред. Закона №1058-З №1007-IV от 25 апреля 2012 г. «О внесении изменений в Закон Республики Саха (Якутия) "Об установлении границ и о наделении статусом городского и сельского поселений муниципальных образований Республики Саха (Якутия)"». Вступил в силу со дня официального опубликования. Опубликован: "Якутия", №245, 31 декабря 2004 г. (State Assembly (Il Tumen) of the Sakha (Yakutia) Republic. Law #173-Z No. 353-III of November 30, 2004 On Establishing the Borders and on Granting the Urban and Rural Settlement Status to the Municipal Formations of the Sakha (Yakutia) Republic, as amended by the Law #1058-Z No. 1007-IV of April 25, 2012 On Amending the Law of the Sakha (Yakutia) Republic "On Establishing the Borders and on Granting the Urban and Rural Settlement Status to the Municipal Formations of the Sakha (Yakutia) Republic". Effective as of the day of the official publication.).
