Zenon Walter Pylyshyn^[1] FRSC (/ˈzɛnən pəˈlɪʃən/; 25 August 1937 – 6 December 2022) was a Canadian cognitive scientist and philosopher. He was a Canada Council Senior Fellow from 1963 to 1964.

Pylyshyn's research generally involved the theoretical analysis of the nature of the human cognitive systems behind perception, imagination, and reasoning. He developed visual indexing theory (sometimes called the FINST theory) which hypothesizes a pre-conceptual mechanism responsible for individuating, tracking, and directly (or demonstratively) referring to the visual objects that could be interrogated by cognitive processes. His very influential multiple object tracking experiment methodology emerged from this work.

Pylyshyn was born in Montreal, Quebec, Canada, to Ukrainian immigrants Anna and Yuriy.^[2][3] He obtained a degree in Engineering Physics (BEng 1959) from McGill University and in control systems (MSc 1960) and experimental psychology (PhD 1963), both from the Regina Campus, University of Saskatchewan. His dissertation was on the application of information theory to studies of human short-term memory.

Pylyshyn was a Canada Council Senior Fellow from 1963 to 1964.^{[citation needed]} He was then professor of Psychology and Computer Science, at the University of Western Ontario in London, from 1964 until 1994, where he also held honorary positions in Philosophy and Electrical Engineering and was director of the UWO Center for Cognitive Science. From 1985 to 1994 he directed the program in Artificial Intelligence and Robotics at the Canadian Institute for Advanced Research.^[4]

In 1994 he accepted positions as the Board of Governors Professor of Cognitive Science and as the director of the new Rutgers University Center for Cognitive Science in New Brunswick, New Jersey. In May 2016 Rutgers held a one-day "ZenFest", to commemorate his retirement.^[5]

Pylyshyn died, on 6 December 2022, at Calvary Hospital in New York City.^[6]

In 1990, the Canadian Psychological Association awarded him the Donald O. Hebb Award for "distinguished contributions to psychology as a science." He held fellowships in the American Association for Artificial Intelligence, the Center for Advanced Study in the Behavioral Sciences at Stanford University, the MIT Center for Cognitive Science, the Canadian Institute for Advanced Research, the Canadian Psychological Association, and was elected Fellow of the Royal Society of Canada in 1998. He was invited to give the Jean Nicod lectures in Paris in 2004. He has presided over both the Society for Philosophy and Psychology, and the Cognitive Science Society.

• Pylyshyn, Z. W. (1973). "What the Mind's Eye Tells the Mind's Brain". Psychological Bulletin. 80: 1–24. doi:10.1037/h0034650. S2CID 145431092.
• Pylyshyn, Z. W.; Fodor, Jerry (1988). "Connectionism and cognitive architecture: A critical analysis". Cognition. 28 (1–2): 3–71. doi:10.1016/0010-0277(88)90031-5. PMID 2450716. S2CID 29043627.
• Pylyshyn, Z. W. (June 2001). "Visual Indexes, Preconceptual Objects, and Situated Vision" (PDF). Cognition. 80 (1–2): 127–158. doi:10.1016/S0010-0277(00)00156-6. PMID 11245842. S2CID 15474365.

• Computation and Cognition: Toward a Foundation for Cognitive Science (MIT Press, 1984) ISBN 978-0-262-6605-87
• Meaning and Cognitive Structure: Issues in the Computational Theory of Mind (Ablex Publishing, 1986) ISBN 978-0-893-9137-24
• The Robot's Dilemma: The Frame Problem in Artificial Intelligence (1987), Ablex Publishing, 1987) ISBN 0-893-9137-15
• Perspectives on the Computer Revolution (with Leon J. Bannon, Intellect 1988) ISBN 978-0-893-9136-94
• Computational Processes in Human Vision: An Interdisciplinary Perspective (ed. Zenon Pylyshyn, Intellect, 1988) ISBN 978-0-893-9146-08
• The Robot's Dilemma Revisited (ed. Zenon Pylyshyn, with K. M. Ford, Ablex, 1996) ISBN 978-1-567-5014-21
• Seeing and Visualizing: It's Not What You Think (MIT Press, 2004) ISBN 978-0-262-1621-73
• Things and Places: How the Mind Connects with the World (MIT Press, 2007) (Jean Nicod Lecture Series) ISBN 978-0-262-5161-43

• Fodor, Jerry A.; Pylyshyn, Zenon W. (2015). Minds Without Meanings: An Essay on the Content of Concepts. MIT Press. ISBN 978-0262027908.

• Connectionism

• Center for Cognitive Science (10 February 2016). "ZenFest (photos and videos now available)". In The News. Rutgers University. Retrieved 21 March 2022.
• Center for Cognitive Science (n.d.). "Dr. Zenon Pylyshyn". ruccs.rutgers.edu. Rutgers University. Archived from the original on 1 July 2022. Retrieved 13 December 2022.
• The Globe and Mail (8–12 December 2022). "Zenon Pylyshyn Obituary". Toronto. Retrieved 11 December 2022 – via Legacy.com.
• Schachter, Seymour [sic.] (1997). "Pylyshyn, Zenon Walter". In Sheehy, N.; Chapman, A. J.; Conroy, W. (eds.). Biographical Dictionary of Psychology. London: Routledge. ISBN 978-0415099974.
• Viger, C. (2005). "Pylyshyn, Zenon Walter". In Shook, John R. (ed.). The Dictionary of Modern American Philosophers. ISBN 978-0199754663. Retrieved 21 March 2022 – via Oxford Reference.

• Quotations related to Zenon Pylyshyn at Wikiquote