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Zainsky District

Zainsky District
Заинский район
District
Other transcription(s)
 • TatarЗәй районы
Lake Bagryazh, Zainsky District
Lake Bagryazh, Zainsky District
Flag of Zainsky District
Flag
Coat of arms of Zainsky District
Coat of arms
Map
Location of Zainsky District in the Republic of Tatarstan
Coordinates: 55°18′N 52°01′E / 55.300°N 52.017°E / 55.300; 52.017
CountryRussia
Federal subjectRepublic of Tatarstan
Established10 February 1935Edit this on Wikidata
Administrative centerZainsk
Area
 • Total
1,861.6 km2 (718.8 sq mi)
Population
 (2010 Census)[1]
 • Total
15,978
 • Density8.6/km2 (22/sq mi)
 • Urban
0%
 • Rural
100%
Administrative structure
 • Inhabited localities84 rural localities
Municipal structure
 • Municipally incorporated asZainsky Municipal District
 • Municipal divisions1 urban settlements, 22 rural settlements
Time zoneUTC+3 (MSK Edit this on Wikidata[2])
OKTMO ID92627000
Websitehttp://zainsk.tatarstan.ru/

Zainsky District (Russian: Заи́нский райо́н; Tatar: Зәй районы) is a territorial administrative unit and municipality of the Republic of Tatarstan in the Russian Federation. It is in the east of the republic. The administrative center is the city of Zainsk. The name comes from the ancient Tatar word "Зай" which means 'river'. As of the beginning of 2020, 53,698 people lived in the district. The urban population of the city is 39,631 while the rural population of the district is 14,067.[3]

The main branch of the district's economy is agriculture. The extent of agricultural land under cultivation is 1223.8 km2.[4][5] The largest hydroelectric power station in the Volga region is in the district.[6]

Geography and climate

The district is in the eastern part of the republic. It shares borders with Tukayevsky, Sarmanovsky, Almetyevsky and Nizhnekamsky districts. The district is on the northwestern slopes of the Bugulma-Belebey Uplands. The topography of the district is layered with lower regions at an elevation of 160–180 m, and higher terrain features reaching 200–240m. The regional climate is continental with humid warm summers and moderately severe snowy winters. Average January temperatures vary from −13°С to −15°С. The height of snowpack, which forms by the beginning of December, reaches 35–40 cm. In summer, the average daily temperatures remain above +15 °C. Hot and dry periods are possible, but, as a rule are short, ranging from 10–15 days in length.[7]

Flag and coat of arms

The sun on the district coat of arms symbolizes the developed energy complex of the region. A scroll and a quill pen represent rich traditions of spiritual culture. The Tamga (an ancient Turkic sign) is a symbol of the continuity of generations, historical memory, patriotism, and care for the historical and cultural heritage of the region. The green elements symbolize developed agricultural production. The gold color is a symbol of harvest, wealth, stability, respect, and intelligence. The silver represents the purity of spring water, perfection, nobility, mutual understanding. Red is a symbol of courage, strength, and beauty. The flag is based on heraldic elements of the coat of arms.[8][9]

History

Background

The eastern border of Volga Bulgaria lay between the Sheshma and Zai rivers in the 11th century.[10] In the Middle Ages, a branch from the Great Silk Road to the ancient city of Syudum passed through the territory of the modern Zainsky district. Zainsk became a fortress city in 1652.[11][12][13] A part of the Polotsk Szlachta were sent here, having decided to stay in Russia after the war with Poland. The Szlachta gained land and peasants in this territory instead of monetary compensation. The Smolensk Szlachta were also a significant part of the Zainsk landowners.[14]

These lands became part of the Kazan province after the Russian administrative reforms of 1708. The territories were transferred to the administration of Orenburg in 1744 until they subsequently became part of the Ufa province in 1865.[12]

The peasants of the Zainsk volost were freed from arrears of previous years due to the land reforms of Pyotr Stolypin in 1906 and local government began to encourage the relocation of farmers to their own lands. New villages appeared during this period: Bugulda, Vinokourovka, Krasny Yar, and others. Each peasant farm had at least nine acres of arable land and pastures. At the same time, 13 landowner families owned almost half of the volost's land.[14]

The territory of the Zainsky district was part of the Menzelinsky district of the Ufa province until 1920. The Menzelinsky district became part of the newly formed Tatar Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic as cantons of the same name in 1920. These territories were transferred to the Chelninsky canton in 1922.[15]

Zainsky district was formed on February 10, 1935.[15] A railway line Bugulma - Zainsk - Krugloye Pole was built near Zainsk in 1956. An asphalt road connected Almetyevsk and Leninogorsk with river docks on the Kama. The construction of industrial buildings and a cooling reservoir of the Zainsk regional state power plant began on the left bank of the Stepnoy Zai in 1956.[6][14]

Part of the territory of the abolished Aktanyshsky district was annexed to the Zainsky district on March 26, 1959.[16][15][17] The district was abolished on February 1, 1963 and its territory was joined to the Almetyevsky and Chelninsky districts, but the district would be reestablished on February 1, 1972.[17]

The village of Stary Tokmak in the Zainsk region is known for being the landing site of the space descent vehicle No. 1 which landed nearby it with the dog Chernushka on board in March 9, 1961.[18][19]

Municipal and administrative status

The Zainsky municipal district has 1 urban and 22 rural settlements containing 86 smaller settlements. The administrative centers of the rural settlements are the villages: Aksarino, Aleksandrovskaya Sloboda, Sredniy Bagryazh, Begishevo, Bukharay, Verkhniy Nalim, Verkhniye Pinyachi, Verkhniye Shipki, Gulkino, Durt-Muncha, Kadyrovo, Nizhneye Bishevo, Novospassk, Popovka, Poruchikovo, Savaleyevo, Sarmash-Bash, Svetloye Ozero, Staroye Mavrino, Tyugeyevka, Ursayevo, and Chubukly.

Rinat Fardiev became the head of the Zainsky district administration in 1999. Municipal reforms gave birth to municipalities in Russia in 2006, after which Rinat Fadiev became the head of the Zainsky municipal district. He held this position until his death in 2008. The position of head of the district was then taken by Tatyana Voropaeva in 2009 until 2015 when the district was headed by Razif Karimov. Karimov was re-elected for a second term in 2020.[20][21][22][23]

Population

72.88% of the district's population live in urban conditions (the city of Zainsk).

Economy

Industry

The district is home to the largest power plant in the Volga region run by a branch of "Tatenergo". Other notable regional enterprises include electrical engineering firm "TatEK", "Zayneftepererabotka", "Vtornefteprodukt", the Zainskiy metal plant and brick factory and "Zainskiy keramzit". The food industry is represented by the companies "Zainskiy sakhar", "Zainskiy cracker", "Zainskiy grain-receiving enterprise", "Zainsky meat-packing plant", and others.[24][25]

The "KAMAZavtotekhnika" auto-wheel plant, a subsidiary of "Kamaz" has operated in the district since 1972.[14][26] The plant constructed houses for automobile workers, a school, kindergartens, and other social facilities in the administrative center of the district. The plant was purchased by the German company "Mefro wheels" in 2013, after which the plant got the new name "Mefro Wheels Russia Zainsk Plant". The enterprise was closed in 2018. "Accuride Wheels Russia" became its successor.[27][24]

An industrial park "Zaman" is located on the territory of the Zainsky district. The first resident began operations there in 2018. It is one of the largest holdings in the Volga region, capable of simultaneously storing 150 thousand tons of grain.[28][29]

Over the past 5 years, the gross territorial product has grown by 65% from 31 to 52 billion rubles. The volume of manufactured and shipped products from the district reached 37 billion rubles.[30] From January to September 2020, enterprises in the district shipped goods worth 22 billion rubles, nearly reaching the annual indicator from 2013 when the amount was 27 billion.[31]

Agriculture

The main branch of the district economy is agriculture. The area of agricultural land in the district is 1223.8 km2. Spring wheat, winter rye, sugar beets, barley, buckwheat, peas, and corn are primarily cultivated in the region. The main livestock industries in the district are meat and dairy cattle breeding.[4][5] Almost 200 thousand tons of grain were harvested in the region in 2020,[32][33] while the sown area of beets exceeded 9000 hectares, resulting in a harvest of 442.5 thousand tons. Regional agricultural firms include "Zay", "Zainskiy sakhar" and "Vostok".[30][24]

The sector of agriculture and processing industry is a quarter of its own revenues of the budget of the Zainsky district in 2020. The share of farmers in investment in the region's economy has reached 40% over the past 5 years. In total it's more than 8 billion rubles.[30] In the first half of 2020, gross agricultural output amounted to almost 519 million rubles (for the whole of 2013 it was almost 1.8 billion).[31]

In 2018, the Zainsky agro-industrial park was opened in the district. According to various sources, from 90 to 110 million rubles were spent on its creation from the budget of Tatarstan. There is a trading floor, a processing facility for cutting meat and preparing semi-finished meat products, a facility for washing and packaging vegetables, refrigerating chambers, and a laboratory in the agro-industrial park.[31]

Investment potential

In the period from 2010 to 2020, the ratio of the average monthly wage to the minimum consumer budget increased from 1.95 to 2.5 times. At the same time, in 2010, the average wage was about 14.5 thousand rubles. By 2012 it increased to 19 thousand. From 2013 to 2020 the district unemployment rate slightly decreased from 1.36% to 1.09%.[31] The share of small and medium-sized businesses in the economy of the Zainsky district amounted to 13.6% in 2019. This is the 36th place among cities and regions of the republic.[34]

According to the Committee of the Republic of Tatarstan for Socio-Economic Monitoring, regional fixed capital investments (in the full range of economic entities) amounted to 1.2 billion rubles or 0.6% of total investment in Tatarstan in the first half of 2020.[35] According to the Federal State Statistics Service of the republic, almost 2 billion rubles of investment were attracted to the Zainsky district in 2019 (excluding budgetary funds and income from small businesses).[35][36]

In terms of the direction of investment in 2020, leading recipients were development programs for agriculture, hunting, fishing (almost 175 million rubles), and mining (100 million).[4] There are large, yet untouched reserves of the natural bitumen on the territory of the district. Investment in other sectors of the district economy include investments made in electricity (almost 75 million), manufacturing (almost 41 million), and construction (34 million).[35]

Housing stock

Commissioning of residential buildings[35][36]
2018 2019 2020 (January–June)
m2 % in the Republic of Tatarstan m2 % in the Republic of Tatarstan m2 % in the Republic of Tatarstan
m2 % of the district m2 % of the district m2 % of the district
Overall 17060 100 2409949 0,71 17017 100 2675529 0,64 11220 100 1353428 0,83
Including enterprises and organizations - - 1301195 - - - 1569808 - - - 551485 -
Including the population 17060 100 1108754 1,54 17017 100 1105721 1,54 11220 100 801943 1,40

Transport

The "Begishevo" airport is 30 km from Zainsk. The main regional highways are the "16A-0003 Naberezhnye Chelny—Zainsk—Almetyevsk", "16K-0858 Zainsk—Sheremetyevka", "16K-0862 Zainsk—Sukharevo", and "16K-0818 Zainsk—Sarmanovo".

The "Agryz—Naberezhnye Chelny—Akbash Kuibyshev" railway line crosses through the district. Stations and stopping points in the area (from Naberezhnye Chelny) are Begishevo, Zycha, Zainsk, Svetloye Ozero, Mavrino. The previously existing railway line "Zainsk—Kamskie Polyany" was dismantled in 1990.

Environment

Forests cover more than a quarter of the district's territory. Most of the woodlands are located in the western and northeastern parts. They are inhabited by moles, hedgehogs, squirrels, dormouse, white hares, martens, foxes, roe deer; of birds - gray owls, house owls, great spotted woodpeckers, black grouses, sparrow hawks, turtle doves, common buntings and gray flycatchers. The rivers Stepnoy Zai and Lesnoy Zai flow through the territory of the district.[7]

Notable natural monuments

  • Bukharaisky Bor is partially in the Zainsky district. It is an area of natural forest groves on the slopes of the Bugulma-Belebey Upland. Forests consist of pine stands of different ages, among which there are old-growth specimens with ages of over 120 years old. The territory is inhabited by rare protected species of fauna, including the burial eagle (included in the Red Data Books of Tatarstan, Russia, Europe, and the world).[7]
  • The Zainskoe reservoir was formed in 1963 on the Stepnoy Zai River to cool the circulating water of the local state district power station. Its length from north to south is about 12 km, and the width at the dam exceeds two kilometres. The area is 16.1 km2, the upper part is swampy.[7]

Social welfare and public life

Local newspapers Zuy ofyklary ('Zainskie horizons') and New Zai are published in Tatar and Russian in the Zainskiy district. There are 24 preschool institutions and 27 education institutions in the district. Additionally the district is served by a school for children with disabilities, a polytechnic college, a children's art house and a children's art school.[4][14]

The medical infrastructure of the district includes the multidisciplinary Zainsk central hospital. The hospital has a dental department, a pediatric department, an emergency department, a 24-hour hospital, and a day hospital. In addition to it, the Begishevskaya district hospital and 53 local medical points operate to serve the rural population in the region.[4][14]

Cultural activities in the district are represented by the local history museum, children's music school, the regional and city house of culture, auto clubs, village clubs, houses of culture, and libraries. There are 72 sites associated with the commemoration of events of the Great Patriotic War in the district. There are 13 memorial plaques and 23 cultural heritage sites, two of which are of significance at the republic level.[4][14]

References

Notes

  1. ^ Russian Federal State Statistics Service (2011). Всероссийская перепись населения 2010 года. Том 1 [2010 All-Russian Population Census, vol. 1]. Всероссийская перепись населения 2010 года [2010 All-Russia Population Census] (in Russian). Federal State Statistics Service.
  2. ^ "Об исчислении времени". Официальный интернет-портал правовой информации (in Russian). June 3, 2011. Retrieved January 19, 2019.
  3. ^ "Численность населения муниципальных образований Республики Татарстан на начало 2020 года. Статистический бюллетень" [Population of the municipalities of the Republic of Tatarstan at the beginning of 2020. Statistical Bulletin] (PDF). Территориальный орган Федеральной службы государственной статистики по Республике Татарстан [Territorial'nyj organ Federal'noj sluzhby gosstatistiki]. 2020. Retrieved November 7, 2020.
  4. ^ a b c d e f "Заинский район" [Zainsky district]. TatCenter.ru. 2020. Retrieved November 17, 2020.
  5. ^ a b "В Заинском районе завершается обмолот кукурузы на зерно" [In Zainsky district, the threshing of corn for grain ends]. Заинск-информ [Zainsk-Inform]. October 21, 2020. Retrieved November 17, 2020.
  6. ^ a b Ivanov et al. 2011, pp. 190–191.
  7. ^ a b c d Zigashin, Ivanov & Tomaeva 2015, p. 144.
  8. ^ "Герб Заинского района" [Coat of arms of Zainsky district]. Геральдика.ру [Heraldika.Ru]. January 15, 2007. Retrieved November 17, 2020.
  9. ^ "Флаг Заинского района" [Flag of the Zain region]. Геральдика.ру [Heraldika.Ru]. January 15, 2007. Retrieved November 17, 2020.
  10. ^ Izmailov 2012.
  11. ^ Igdavletov 2020.
  12. ^ a b "Сотрудник краеведческого музея рассказала о том, как был основан Заинск" [An employee of the local history museum spoke about how Zainsk was founded]. Заинск-информ [Zainsk-Inform]. June 14, 2020. Retrieved November 17, 2020.
  13. ^ В.В. Ермаков [Ermakov V.V.]. "Челнинская история" [History of Chelninsk]. Набережночелнинское Русское Общество [Naberezhnochelninskoe Russkoe Obshhestvo]. Retrieved November 17, 2020.
  14. ^ a b c d e f g "Описание района" [Description of the area]. Заинский муниципальный район [Zainskij municipal'nyj rajon]. August 4, 2018. Retrieved November 17, 2020.
  15. ^ a b c National Archive 1999, p. 561.
  16. ^ Vedomosti 1959.
  17. ^ a b Лев Жаржевский [Lev Zharzhevskij] (March 17, 2017). "Образование ТАССР: от Татаро-Башкирской республики и штата Идель-Урал к 10 кантонам и 70 районам" [Formation of the TASSR: from the Tatar-Bashkir Republic and the Idel-Ural state to 10 cantons and 70 regions]. Реальное время [Realnoe Vremya]. Retrieved November 7, 2020.
  18. ^ Светлана Брайловская [Svetlana Brailovskaya] (April 7, 2011). "Упала собачка" [The dog fell]. Интернет-портал «Российской газеты» [Rossiyskaya Gazeta]. Retrieved November 17, 2020.
  19. ^ "Гость с неба. Как космический корабль приземлился в Татарии" [Guest from the sky. How a spaceship landed in Tartary]. Аргументы и Факты [Argumenty i Fakty]. April 7, 2011. Retrieved November 17, 2020.
  20. ^ "Глава Заинского района Ринат Фардиев трагически погиб на охоте" [Head of Zainsky district Rinat Fardiev tragically died while hunting]. Бизнес Online [BUSINESS Online]. November 7, 2008. Retrieved November 17, 2020.
  21. ^ "В Татарстане впервые главой муниципального района избрана женщина – Заинск возглавила Татьяна Воропаева" [In Tatarstan, for the first time, a woman was elected as the head of the municipal district - Tatiana Voropaeva headed Zainsk]. Бизнес Online [BUSINESS Online]. March 12, 2009. Retrieved November 17, 2020.
  22. ^ "В Заинске избран глава города и района" [Head of city and district elected in Zainsk]. Заинск-информ [Zainsk-Inform]. September 22, 2015. Retrieved November 17, 2020.
  23. ^ "В Заинске выбрали главу города и района" [Head of the city and district was elected in Zainsk]. Татар-информ [Tatar-Inform]. September 24, 2020. Retrieved November 17, 2020.
  24. ^ a b c "РБК Компании" [RBC Companies]. ИА РБК [IA RBC]. 2020. Retrieved November 17, 2020.
  25. ^ "ТатЭК, Татарстанская электротехническая компания" [TateK, Tatarstan Electrotechnical Company]. TatCenter.ru. 2020. Retrieved November 17, 2020.
  26. ^ "ОАО КамАЗАвтотехника" [OAO KamAZAvtotehnika]. Реальное время [Realnoe Vremya]. March 15, 2018. Retrieved November 17, 2020.
  27. ^ "«Бизнес-некролог — 2018»: число закрывшихся предприятий в Татарстане выросло в четыре раза" ["Business obituary - 2018": the number of closed enterprises in Tatarstan quadrupled]. Интернет-газета «Реальное время» [Realnoe Vremya]. January 21, 2019. Retrieved November 17, 2020.
  28. ^ ""Заинский элеватор" Ильшата Фардиева показал здоровые амбиции при "больной" экономике" [Ilshat Fardiev's "Zainsky elevator" showed healthy ambitions in a "sick" economy]. Интернет-газета «Реальное время» [Realnoe Vremya]. October 8, 2020. Retrieved November 17, 2020.
  29. ^ Ксения Борзенкова [Kseniya Borzenkova] (May 31, 2019). "Глава Заинского района рассказал о важности фестиваля "Наше время"" [The head of the Zainsky district spoke about the importance of the festival "Our time"]. Заинск-информ [Zainsk-Inform]. Retrieved November 17, 2020.
  30. ^ a b c Елена Маврина [Elena Mavrina] (October 30, 2020). "Наиль Залаков: С таким районом можно уверенно смотреть в будущее!" [Nail Zalakov: With such an area, you can confidently look into the future!]. Заинск-информ [Zainsk-Inform]. Retrieved November 17, 2020.
  31. ^ a b c d "Рейтинг муниципальных образований" [Municipalities rating]. Министерство экономики Республики Татарстан [Ministerstvo ekonomiki Respubliki Tatarstan]. 2020. Retrieved November 15, 2020.
  32. ^ "В Заинском районе собрали рекордный урожай зерна". Государственный Интернет-Канал «Россия»[Gosudarstvennyj Internet-Kanal «Rossija»]. November 13, 2020. Retrieved November 17, 2020.
  33. ^ "Не то дорого, что сделано, а то, что хорошего качества" [Not expensive what is done, but what is of good quality]. Газета Республика Татарстан [Gazeta Respublika Tatarstan]. October 30, 2020. Retrieved November 17, 2020.
  34. ^ "Заинским молочникам рекомендовали подтянуться" [Zainsk milkmen were recommended to catch up]. Газета Республика Татарстан [Gazeta Respublika Tatarstan]. February 8, 2020. Retrieved November 17, 2020.
  35. ^ a b c d "Основные показатели инвестиционной и строительной деятельности в Республике Татарстан" [Key indicators of investment and construction activities in the Republic of Tatarstan] (PDF). Территориальный орган Федеральной службы государственной статистики по Республике Татарстан [Territorial'nyj organ Federal'noj sluzhby gosudarstvennoj statistiki po Respublike Tatarstan]. 2020. Retrieved November 7, 2020.
  36. ^ a b "Основные показатели инвестиционной и строительной деятельности в Республике Татарстан" [Key indicators of investment and construction activities in the Republic of Tatarstan] (PDF). Территориальный орган Федеральной службы государственной статистики по Республике Татарстан [Territorial'nyj organ Federal'noj sluzhby gosudarstvennoj statistiki po Respublike Tatarstan]. 2020. Retrieved November 7, 2020.

Sources

  • 6 ноября 1992 г. «Конституция Республики Татарстан», в ред. Закона №79-ЗРТ от 22 ноября 2010 г. «О внесении изменений в статьи 65 и 76 Конституции Республики Татарстан». Опубликован: "Ведомости Верховного Совета Татарстана", №9–10, ст. 166, 1992. (November 6, 1992 Constitution of the Republic of Tatarstan, as amended by the Law #79-ZRT of November 22, 2010 On Amending Articles 65 and 76 of the Constitution of the Republic of Tatarstan. ).
  • Государственный Совет Республики Татарстан. Закон №23-ЗРТ от 31 января 2005 г. «Об установлении границ территорий и статусе муниципального образования "Заинский муниципальный район" и муниципальных образований в его составе», в ред. Закона №94-ЗРТ от 21 ноября 2014 г. «О внесении изменений в Закон Республики Татарстан "Об установлении границ территорий и статусе муниципального образования "Заинский муниципальный район" и муниципальных образований в его составе"». Вступил в силу со дня официального опубликования. Опубликован: "Республика Татарстан", №№18–19, 1 февраля 2005 г. (State Council of the Republic of Tatarstan. Law #23-ZRT of January 31, 2005 On Establishing the Borders of the Territories and the Status of the Municipal Formation of "Zainsky Municipal District" and of the Municipal Formations It Comprises, as amended by the Law #94-ZRT of November 21, 2014 On Amending the Law of the Republic of Tatarstan "On Establishing the Borders of the Territories and the Status of the Municipal Formation of "Zainsky Municipal District" and of the Municipal Formations It Comprises". Effective as of the official publication date.).
  • Министерство юстиции Республики Татарстан. Приказ №01-02/9 от 4 февраля 2014 г. «Об утверждении реестра административно-территориальных единиц и населённых пунктов в Республике Татарстан», в ред. Приказа №01-02/160 от 11 марта 2015 г. «О внесении изменений в Приказ Министерства юстиции Республики Татарстан от 04.02.2014 №01-02/9 "Об утверждении реестра административно-территориальных единиц и населённых пунктов в Республике Татарстан"». Опубликован: Официальный сайт правовой информации Министерства юстиции Республики Татарстан (http://pravo.tatarstan.ru), 27 февраля 2014 г. (Ministry of Justice of the Republic of Tatarstan. Order #01-02/9 of February 4, 2014 On the Adoption of the Registry of the Administrative-Territorial Units and Inhabited Localities in the Republic of Tatarstan, as amended by the Order #01-02/160 of March 11, 2015 On Amending the Order of the Ministry of Justice of the Republic of Tatarstan #01-02/9 of February 4, 2014 "On the Adoption of the Registry of the Administrative-Territorial Units and Inhabited Localities in the Republic of Tatarstan". ).
  • Государственный Совет Республики Татарстан. Закон №116-ЗРТ от 7 декабря 2005 г. «Об административно-территориальном устройстве Республики Татарстан», в ред. Закона №54-ЗРТ от 2 июля 2015 г. «О внесении изменения в статью 14 Закона Республики Татарстан "Об административно-территориальном устройстве Республики Татарстан"». Вступил в силу через три месяца со дня официального опубликования, за исключением части второй статьи 31, которая вступает в силу со дня официального опубликования. Опубликован: "Республика Татарстан", №247, 10 декабря 2005 г. (State Council of the Republic of Tatarstan. Law #116-ZRT of December 7, 2005 On the Administrative-Territorial Structure of the Republic of Tatarstan, as amended by the Law #54-ZRT of July 2, 2015 On Amending Article 14 of the Law of the Republic of Tatarstan "On the Administrative-Territorial Structure of the Republic of Tatarstan". Effective as of the day which is three months after the day of the official publication, with the exception of part two of Article 31, which takes effect on the day of the official publication.).

Bibliography

Quelle: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zainsky_District