Yu Min (physicist)
Yu Min | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
于敏 | |||||||
 | |||||||
| Born | 16 August 1926 | ||||||
| Died | 16 January 2019 (aged 92) Beijing, China | ||||||
| Nationality | Chinese | ||||||
| Education | Peking University | ||||||
| Spouse | Sun Yuqin | ||||||
| Children | 2 | ||||||
| Awards | Highest Science and Technology Award (2014) Medal of the Republic (2019, posthumously) | ||||||
| Scientific career | |||||||
| Fields | Nuclear physics | ||||||
| Institutions | Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) | ||||||
| Chinese name | |||||||
| Chinese | 于敏 | ||||||
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Yu Min (Chinese: 于敏; pinyin: Yú Mǐn; 16 August 1926 – 16 January 2019) was a prominent Chinese nuclear physicist. He was an academic of Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), a lead nuclear weapon designer in the Ninth Academy, and a recipient of Two Bombs, One Satellite Achievement Medal. Though he personally refused to accept the title, he is honored as “the father of [the] Chinese Hydrogen Bomb”.[1]
Yu was posthumously bestowed the Medal of the Republic, the highest honorary medal of the People's Republic of China, in September 2019.[2]
Life
He was born in Tianjin in August 1926.[3] He was famous for his excellent performances in Yaohua High School. Later he was admitted by Department of Electrical engineering of Peking University, however, out of the passion for the physical theories, he transferred into Department of Physics to work on theory.
From 1949, Yu started his postgraduate research in the Department of Physics of Peking University, and also served as a teaching assistant. In 1951, he became an assistant researcher and associate researcher at Modern Physics Institute of CAS, and began to study nuclear physics theory under the supervision of Peng Huanwu.
Early 1958, with China-Soviet National Defense Contract, Yu and his colleagues including Deng Jiaxian, Sun Yuzhang etc. moved to No.221 Factory near Qinghai Lake.
From the end of 1960, Yu was involved in the theoretical research of nuclear weapons. In 1961 he joined as a member of the Light Nucleus Theory Group set up by Peng the previous year. The working group merged with the Ninth Academy in 1965.[4] Yu's major contributions included the solutions to a series of fundamental and critical theoretical problems of nuclear weapons, which led to the breakthrough of the hydrogen bomb.[5] He gained reputation and became the academician of Chinese Academy of Science for his design of the hydrogen bomb.
Yu's involvement with China's nuclear weapons program remained secret until his retirement in 1988. He was awarded the national top science award in January 2015.[6] With the RMB 5 million prize, Yu founded the Yu Min Foundation to support scientific development in China.
Yu died in Beijing on 16 January 2019.[7]
Personal life
Yu married Sun Yuqin (Chinese: 孙玉芹), the couple had a son, Yu Xin (Chinese: 于辛), and a daughter, Yu Yuan (Chinese: 于元).[8]
References
- ^ 两弹一星元勋:于敏 [Bombs and one satellite fathers: Yu Min] (in Chinese). Archived from the original on 2011-10-05. Retrieved 2011-06-11.
- ^ "全国人民代表大会常务委员会关于授予国家勋章和国家荣誉称号的决定_滚动新闻_中国政府网". www.gov.cn. Retrieved 2024-10-10.
- ^ "Chinese nuclear physicist Yu Min receives nation's top science award". Shanghai Daily. Xinhua News Agency. 2015-01-09. Retrieved 2018-02-26.
- ^ Gaulkin, Thomas (11 April 2024). "The short march to China's hydrogen bomb". Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists.
- ^ "Inside story about China's first H-bomb development". People's Daily. 2007-06-30. Retrieved 2018-02-26.
- ^ Li Jing (2015-01-10). "Yu Min, 'father of China's H-bomb', wins top science award". South China Morning Post. Retrieved 2018-02-26.
- ^ "China's "Father of Hydrogen Bomb" dies at 93". Xinhua News Agency. 16 January 2019. Archived from the original on January 16, 2019. Retrieved 16 January 2019.
- ^ 于敏：愿将一生献宏谋. qq.com (in Chinese). 2019-01-16.
