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Wytham

This article is about the village in Oxfordshire. For the town in Essex, see Witham.

Wytham
All Saints' parish church
Wytham is located in Oxfordshire
Wytham
Wytham
Location within Oxfordshire
Population131 (2001 census)[1]
OS grid referenceSP4708
Civil parish
  • Wytham
District
Shire county
Region
CountryEngland
Sovereign stateUnited Kingdom
Post townOxford
Postcode districtOX2
Dialling code01865
PoliceThames Valley
FireOxfordshire
AmbulanceSouth Central
UK Parliament
Websitewytham.org
List of places
UK
England
Oxfordshire
51°46′41″N 1°18′47″W / 51.778°N 1.313°W / 51.778; -1.313
Wytham Abbey from the air

Wytham (/ˈwaɪtəm/ WY-təm) is a village and civil parish on the Seacourt Stream, a branch of the River Thames, about 3 miles (5 km) northwest of the centre of Oxford. It is just west of the Western By-Pass Road, part of the Oxford Ring Road (A34). The nearest village is Godstow.[2][3] Wytham was the northernmost part of Berkshire until the 1974 boundary changes transferred it to Oxfordshire.

Etymology

Wytham derives its name from the Anglo Saxon Witta's Home around 500 BCE.[4] The toponym is first recorded as Wihtham around 957, and comes from the Old English for a homestead or village in a river-bend.[2]

History of the manor

The manor of Wytham, along with Wytham Abbey (not a religious foundation but the manor house) and much of the village, was formerly owned by the Earls of Abingdon. The Church of England parish church of All Saints was originally a medieval building[5] but it was extensively rebuilt between 1811[6] and 1812[3] by Montagu Bertie, 5th Earl of Abingdon. The ruins of the former Godstow Nunnery lie just east of the village.

The 20th century

In the 1920s, The 9th Earl of Abingdon sold the Wytham Estate – comprising not just the Abbey but most of the houses in the village and approximately 2,500 acres of park, farm and woodland, including Wytham Great Wood – to Colonel Raymond ffennell, who had made a fortune in South Africa and changed his name from Schumacher on arrival in England, and his wife Hope (nee Weigall). During World War II they agreed to take in six East End children as part of the evacuee programme. After the war, they gifted the entire Wytham Estate to the University of Oxford – the largest bequest to the University since the Middle Ages. The Abbey was subsequently sold by the University of Oxford in 1991 and is now in private hands.

Wytham Great Wood

Wytham Woods is an area of long-established mixed woodland noted for its high population of badgers and long-term monitoring of great tits. It is on rising ground to the west of the village and covers 1000 acres. The woods are a Site of Special Scientific Interest.[7] The University of Oxford has owned the woods since 1942 and uses them for research in zoology and climate change.[8] The University has a field station north of the village. It is claimed to be one of the most researched pieces of woodland in the world.[9] The woods are open to the public by permit which are available on application,[10] for walking but are closed to dogs, horses and bicycles.

A named path within the wood is called the Singing Way. It is aligned with Oxford and got its name because monks on pilgrimage from Cirencester to Canterbury would break into song here as they sighted the town and the end of their day's journey.[11] On 7 October 2017 an Oxfordshire Blue Plaque was unveiled at the Keeper's Hill car park in Wytham Woods, commemorating the bequest of the woods to the University of Oxford in 1942 by Raymond and Hope Ffennell.[12]

Inspector Morse

Wytham village and Wytham Woods have frequently featured[when?] in the "Inspector Morse" detective novels by Colin Dexter, most notably in The Way Through the Woods.

  • The centre of Wytham, with the village shop on the left and the White Hart pub on the right
    The centre of Wytham, with the village shop on the left and the White Hart pub on the right
  • Keepers Cottage, Wytham Woods, a gift to the University of Oxford in 1943
    Keepers Cottage, Wytham Woods, a gift to the University of Oxford in 1943
  • Ancient tree in Wytham Great Wood
    Ancient tree in Wytham Great Wood
  • Wytham War Memorial
    Wytham War Memorial
  • Oxford University's John Krebs Field Station, Wytham
    Oxford University's John Krebs Field Station, Wytham

References

  1. ^ "Area selected: Vale of White Horse (Non-Metropolitan District)". Neighbourhood Statistics: Full Dataset View. Office for National Statistics. Retrieved 30 March 2010.
  2. ^ a b Mills, A.D.; Room, A. (2003). A Dictionary of British Place-Names. Oxford: Oxford University Press. p. not cited. doi:10.1093/acref/9780199609086.001.0001. ISBN 0-19-852758-6.
  3. ^ a b Pevsner, Nikolaus (1966). Berkshire. The Buildings of England. Harmondsworth: Penguin Books. p. 314.
  4. ^ The Berkshire Book. Reading: The Berkshire Federation of Women's Institutes. 1939. pp. 173–174.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: date and year (link)
  5. ^ "All Saints Church, Wytham". wytham-church.org.uk. Wytham.
  6. ^ Page, W.H.; Ditchfield, P.H., eds. (1924). A History of the County of Berkshire, Volume 4. Victoria County History. pp. 427–430. (pages 427-430)
  7. ^ Wytham Woods SSSI citation
  8. ^ Savill, Peter; Perrins, Christopher; Kirby, Keith; Fisher, Nigel (2011). Wytham Woods: Oxford's Ecological Laboratory. Oxford: Oxford University Press. p. 282. doi:10.1093/acprof:osobl/9780199605187.001.0001. ISBN 9780199605187.
  9. ^ "About Wytham Woods". University of Oxford. Retrieved 5 February 2018.
  10. ^ "Walking Permit Application | Wytham Woods". www.wythamwoods.ox.ac.uk. Retrieved 5 February 2018.
  11. ^ Barkham, Patrick (3 October 2013). "Chapter 2 Meles meles". Badgerlands: The Twilight World of Britain's Most Enigmatic Animal. Granta Publications. ISBN 9781847087003.
  12. ^ Oxfordshire Blue Plaques Board: Wytham Woods
  • Media related to Wytham at Wikimedia Commons
Quelle: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wytham