African Americans in Davenport, Iowa
- African Americans in Davenport, Iowa (talk||history|logs|links|watch) (XfD|restore)
The Administrator mbisanz did not, in my opinion, consider the compromises put forth by more than one participant in the deletion discussion page. Personally, I would be more comfortable with someone other than this administrator making the decision. Having reviewed his contributions -- one of which is an advertising blurb for a bowling alley -- I don't think he is the person to decide notability. That was a central argument in the deletion discussion. Brrryce (talk) 19:18, 3 March 2009 (UTC)[reply]
- Fixed malformed listing. Stifle (talk) 20:13, 3 March 2009 (UTC)[reply]
- Endorse deletion. The number of arguments for and against deletion was roughly equal, and in such cases the admin closing the discussion should look to see whether significantly more of the arguments on one side of the debate than those on the other were based in policy. In this case, the arguments for deletion cited the policy Wikipedia:No original research, and none of the arguments to keep successfully refuted that point. Finally, ad hominem attacks against administrators or requests to recall admins who make one decision you don't agree with rarely get you anywhere. Stifle (talk) 20:18, 3 March 2009 (UTC)[reply]
- Endorse deletion. The grounds of appeal appear to be alleged bias of the closer. I have had several dealings with this closer and while we often disagree on things, nothing - nothing - seems to evidence bias. Accusations are cheap and easily made, but exceptional claims require exceptional evidence to back them up and this editor has fallen way short. Carlossuarez46 (talk) 23:42, 3 March 2009 (UTC)[reply]
- Endorse deletion. Closer was (correctly) influenced by WP:BURDEN which I think has considerable force.--S Marshall Talk/Cont 02:00, 4 March 2009 (UTC)[reply]
- Overturn and relist. I am expressly not questioning the closing admin's good faith or competence, and I wish the requester had not raised such issues. However, the discussion was a close enough call that this could have been a "no consensus", and the article did have some legitimate sources, at least by the time it was deleted. I think it would be appropriate to give the article another chance. --Metropolitan90 (talk) 03:45, 4 March 2009 (UTC)[reply]
- Overturn Apart from a few links to unreferenced Wikipedia articles, the references appear to be solid and no one made it clear exactly how WP:OR or WP:SYNTH applied. For it to be synthesis it has to promote a point otherwise we can delete all our articles since they're a combined work from different sources which some people take synthesis to mean. Also, the 90000 non-notables argument is faulty. Just because the majority of African Americans in the town are not notable doesn't mean there aren't any notable individuals or that the group as a whole isn't notable. This was clearly a misapplication of policy. - Mgm|(talk) 12:14, 4 March 2009 (UTC)[reply]
- Overturn - while I am confident MBisanz was just being sloppy, the article very clearly cites reliable sources. Applying "weight of argument" when closing a discussion, one should more or less toss out those arguments that rely on demonstratably false assertions. WilyD 14:45, 4 March 2009 (UTC)[reply]
- Closing admin First, I have no connection to any part of the topic, either pro or anti bias. Second, many established editors cited WP:SYN and WP:OR as reasons to delete the article. I did consider the 2 IP comments and weighed them appropriately in determining the final outcome. I also noted the several keep arguments citing Notability, but as of the last Keep comment by Omarcheeseboro, editors still contended there was a lack of Reliable Sources in the article. Their good faith belief of the lack of sources and the presence of OR (which should be insurmountable OR if they are citing it as a deletion reason), is why I closed as such. MBisanz talk 20:53, 4 March 2009 (UTC)[reply]
- It should be noted that the sourcing appears to have been improved during the AfD period. Some of the editors who noted a lack of sources may have been looking at the article before that improvement occurred. --Metropolitan90 (talk) 14:45, 5 March 2009 (UTC)[reply]
- Endorse – First off, no reason, unless anyone considers baseless attacking and undermining the credibility of an admin (and initiating a recall because of one deletion you didn't like), to overturn. Perhaps it could be userfied so that the author can keep working on it, but I see no problem with the closure of the AFD. MuZemike 04:06, 6 March 2009 (UTC)[reply]
- Endorse as there were no adequate arguments that defended the claims of original research. Themfromspace (talk) 07:14, 6 March 2009 (UTC)[reply]
- Endorse Too much original research and synthesis. Seems to be a good faith close based on arguments for deletion citing Wikipedia policies and guidelines. Edison (talk) 19:41, 6 March 2009 (UTC)[reply]
- Endorse Completely correct close, article full of WP:OR and unconvincing comments to keep. Black Kite 22:40, 6 March 2009 (UTC)[reply]
- Overturn and relist as it appears the article was significantly improved during the AfD period and a significant number of the pro-deletion comments were made before the additional sources and such were added to the article. This is not to imply that MBisanz made the wrong call, just that I believe a new discussion based on the current state of the article (which does clearly still need some work) would likely result in a keep or, at worst, no-consensus decision. - Dravecky (talk) 22:46, 6 March 2009 (UTC)[reply]
- Endorse - the keep arguments were extremely weak, offering a supposed compromise of adding a few tags, using a variant of WP:INHERITED, and the generic WP:NOTPAPER rationale. The central problem is there aren't references that show the overall subject is notable. Neither the keep arguments, or the article improvements addressed this problem. PhilKnight (talk) 00:12, 7 March 2009 (UTC)[reply]
- Endorse Deletion: I haven't seen the article only the AFD, I don't feel the synthesis argument was sufficiently countered. Also note Brrryce's attempt at recall as bad faith. Ryan4314 (talk) 02:45, 7 March 2009 (UTC)[reply]
- Relist or Overturn (since I've also made the argument below that there are more sources out there, WP:Deletion review says I should vote "Relist"; my fallback position would be "Overturn") When either notability or reliable sourcing is at issue, you don't take a no-consensus result and delete unless you can overcome this point: There are at leset four recent articles in the Quad City paper on the history of the African American community here. They are referenced in the article now. T L Miles (talk) 19:39, 25 February 2009 (UTC) [1] I haven't seen and now can't read the deleted article, but T L Miles appears to have made a crucial point that no one countered, so there doesn't appear to be a policy-based reason to delete, and there doesn't appear to be a consensus to delete. If there were sources that met the requirements of WP:N and WP:RS, where exactly is the justification for MBisanz to delete? Also note that the sources were apparently added to the article during the deletion discussion, and doing that is supposed to discount prior objections on reliable sourcing and notability. Even if the closing admin were correct in finding for delete, T L Miles' argument should have been addressed in the closing comment with enough detail. The complete closing statement, The result was delete. The arguments over the necessity to produce reliable sources to prevent original research were convincing is inadequate. See WP:DGFA#Rough consensus: A closing admin must determine whether any article violates policy, and where it is very unlikely that an article on the topic can exist without breaching policy. I see no evidence that MBiSanz made this determination. T L Miles' unrefuted point seems to indicate the opposite. -- Noroton (talk) 05:30, 7 March 2009 (UTC) ((edited to add "relist" at beginning of this comment -- Noroton (talk) 23:09, 7 March 2009 (UTC)))[reply]
- Thanks for the links. Correct me if I'm wrong, but the only way I see lack of notability as a reason to delete is by determining that the sources (both the ones you've linked to and others that I quickly found online) fall short of the first criterion at WP:N#General notability guideline: "Significant coverage" means that sources address the subject directly in detail, and no original research is needed to extract the content. Significant coverage is more than trivial but may be less than exclusive The first source you provide only has a sentence or two specific to Davenport, and I'd call that "trivial" in the special, WP:N sense of the term (although the information itself -- on population and on some of the reasons why the black population is growing in the area -- is actually important to the WP article); the second and third QC articles treat the subject directly and in detail, so that we learn important facts about this community's history and about Davenport's historic role in African American history. The local museum's project in gathering resources also indicates that more sourcing can be found in Davenport, offline, right now, and the second source ("... Wrecking Ball" article) mentions:
- Dred Scott as a resident,
- a record existing of Martin Luther King Jr.'s speech in Davenport [elsewhere online I've seen that he was there to accept the "Pacem in Terris" award in '65, also given to Desmond Tutu decades later),
- the poor treatment of African American historic preservation by the overall community (in the 1980s and 1990s in particular) and by African Americans themselves,
- the fact that there was a thriving black entertainment district at 5th St. off of Bradley,
- devastation from urban renewal in the '60s,
- the fact that very many African Americans in Davenport have no long family histories in this very longstanding community (with a history stretching back before the Civil War).
- This is from just one source, which should be considered "significant coverage" treating the subject "directly in detail". A similar (perhaps even better) list could be made from the third source, which shows that we have multiple sources providing significant coverage. I've written a number of articles focused on neighborhoods and small communities, articles that can easily withstand AfD challenges, and I consider this kind of information pure gold.
- DRV is also a forum for providing new information, according to WP:DRV#Principal purpose — challenging deletion debates (#3). Here are other sources that either directly meet WP:N's General notability guideline for significant sourcing or (as noted) indicate how suitable a topic is for its own article. Please note (from WP:N, emphasis added): it is important to not just consider whether notability is established by the article, but whether it readily could be. Remember that all Wikipedia articles are not a final draft, and an article can be notable if such sources exist even if they have not been added at present. [...] If it is likely that significant coverage in independent sources can be found for a topic, deletion due to lack of notability is inappropriate unless active effort has been made to find these sources.:
- This source from a book published in the 1920s, full of every racial stereotype imaginable, is a collection of columns from the local newspaper up to the early 1920s. Despite its attitude, the "Old Time Cullud Folks" chapter has plenty of information about African Americans in Davenport in the late 19th/early 20th century: there were many ex-slaves, black-owned businesses (barber shops, janitorial services, a foot doctor) who catered to both whites and blacks, and examples of resilience in the face of racism ("Couldn't make the Busey boys mad by callin' 'em coons. No sah! They'd just laugh at you." And with mock solemnity sing a racist song for you. Jake Busey was identified as the first member of the community to graduate from public schools, and "had a style of his own in jugglin' hard words that made the cullid folks gasp.")
- Many lesser sources are often used to establish WP:N. Here are some: article on the local "Semper Fidelis" organization; a "mass convention" of black soldiers met in Davenport in 1865, petitioning the state for the right to vote, apparently this was one of the initial steps that eventually led to an Iowa referendum granting that right in 1868; young men's cotillion balls were started in this community in the '90s; Davenport was part of the circuit for jazz bands -- with visits from Louis Armstrong (who mentions getting his end-of-season bonus there) [5], perhaps the (white) Davenport native and Jazz great Bix Biederbecke heard him there [6] (some say he did), the Creole Band [7]; the "Mississippi Valley Blues Festival" is held annually in Davenport [8] (in 2004, the 40th anniversary of the passage of the Civil Rights Act was celebrated there [9]), Armstrong played in Davenport both on a riverboat and at the Coloseum Ballroom as did Bix and "the greatest names in jazz and blues", including Duke Ellington [10]; another prominent venue was Jazzland, according to this non-Davenport source; Armstrong was in Davenport again in the 1950s, when he sent a telegram to Eisenhower about the integration fight in Little Rock, Arkansas [11]; a local high school football stadium was named after the first African-American public school teacher in Davenport [12]; Davenport was one of the places where Huckleberry Finn was opposed (by a black student) as a reading requirement [13]; Jackie Robinson, after a minor but stinging racist incident, talked about it with Davenporter Gene Baker, the other black player on the Chicago Cubs team, who told Robinson, "Here I'm born in Davenport, Iowa, and you come from Texas, and you know less about the South than I do." [14] It's not worth including in this article, but it's hard not to think Baker didn't learn something in Davenport.
- It doesn't take any original research to get significant information about the concentration of black businesses around 5th St. in the late 19th century from this section of a book about Davenport's prostitution ("Mattie Burke", starting at page 95).
- An online abstract of a 2006 paper presented to the Law Society Association indicates that further sourcing can be found, and the published abstract itself could even be used for some rudimentary sourcing (boldface added): This paper examines forty years of racial violence, real and threatened, in Davenport, Iowa. [...] from the Civil War to the early 20th century. Despite the relative lack of open violence in Davenport during this period, several high-profile events – including a race riot, waves of hysteria following alleged rapes of white women by black men, a near lynching, and legal harassment of African American activists – show that even the threat of violence was a tool of social control to maintain class and racial privilege. The interaction of southern, Midwestern, foreign-born, wealthy and poor whites with the established middle class black community and more recently arrived southern migrants (especially in the wharfs, bars and illegal enterprises along the waterfront, where interaction between the races was often greatest) [...]
- There's quite a lot to say about the African American community in Davenport, and certainly enough reliably sourced information online to fill out at least a short article. And there's every reason to believe that someone in Davenport can get much more information offline. Note also that the three Quad Cities newspaper reports available online are all very recent, indicating that access to the newspaper's archive should yield a truckload of well-sourced facts. The case that this subject is inherently flawed has yet to be made. Come to think of it, I've actually done enough research now that, whatever happens with this DRV, I can just create a new article from scratch as soon as this discussion is over -- unless there is enough comment from this point forward showing there's a consensus against doing so. Correct? Consider it fair warning. -- Noroton (talk) 21:33, 7 March 2009 (UTC)[reply]
- Overturn - from reading the AfD it strongly appears as if the actual situation was no consensus. That the closing admin wrote '...were strongly convincing' suggests that they ignored consensus and allowed their own opinion to rule; this is inappropriate behaviour by an admin. Clinkophonist (talk) 14:28, 7 March 2009 (UTC)[reply]
- That the closer wrote that the "arguments over the necessity to produce reliable sources to prevent original research were convincing" (I don't see where he used the word "strongly") suggests nothing of the kind. The role of closers—admin or non-admin—is to evaluate the quality of arguments presented in discussions based on their knowledge of Wikipedia's policies and guidelines. So, to write that a particular argument was "convincing" means nothing more than that the particular argument had a solid grounding in relevant policy and/or guideline. –Black Falcon (Talk) 05:02, 9 March 2009 (UTC)[reply]
- Except that it's clear that the WP:OR delete argument had no solid grounding in fact or policy at all, and the closing admin obviously made a mistake in finding it convincing. This is not hard to demonstrate: Look at the fifth paragraph of the text of WP:OR (emphasis added): If no reliable third-party sources can be found on an article topic, Wikipedia should not have an article about the topic. (This is the only part of WP:OR that addresses article deletion.) To make a convincing OR deletion argument you need to demonstrate that no reliable sources can be found on the topic of the article -- that doesn't require you to prove a negative, just show that a search was done or otherwise make a convincing argument that it doesn't look like reliable sources will ever be found (I'm actually doing that right now in another AfD). WP:DGFA says it's the closer's job to determine where it is very unlikely that an article on the topic can exist without breaching policy (emphasis added). The decision on whether to delete on policy grounds, in cases like this one, is about the possibility of reliably sourcing the topic, not on whether the article conformed to various policies. This was pointed out in the AfD by T L Miles, at 17:27, 25 Feb" The question, is the _topic_ (not the existing article) something which _can_ be referenced" (boldface added to T L Miles' emphasis). It's clear that WP policy favored the Keep side and the Delete side here didn't have as good a grasp of policy, as shown by the plain words of even the policies cited by the Delete side. A mistake was made. Let's recognize it, correct it, learn from it and move on. -- Noroton (talk) 15:49, 9 March 2009 (UTC)[reply]
- It's one thing to say that a closer made a mistake and another to suggest that he ignored consensus and imposed his preference on the discussion. My comment to Clinkophonist was intended to highlight this distinction.
As for the quality of the arguments... Once an article is taken to AfD, the burden of proof lies on those who seek to keep it to show that the topic of the article is notable. Moreover, the role of the closer is to evaluate consensus based on information that is provided during the deletion discussion rather than to close the discussion based on his own research. In this case, sufficient proof—in the form of coverage of the topic in reliable sources—was not offered during the deletion discussion or in the article to show that the topic of "African Americans in Davenport, Iowa" is a distinct subject of academic/scientific or popular/cultural interest. That being said, I agree with you—in light of the results of the research you carried out—that a mistake was made (not by the closer, but by the discussants) and that it should be corrected (i.e. the article should be undeleted or recreated). Cheers, –Black Falcon (Talk) 19:44, 9 March 2009 (UTC)[reply]
- Our difference of opinion on this is becoming pretty narrow, and I realize I've taken up a lot of space here, so this will be my last comment on this aspect. I agree that there's nothing here to call into question MBisanz' motives. There was no clear consensus here for the closer to either support or contradict, a situation that defaults to Keep unless policy is clearly on the Delete side. But there was no overwhelming, obvious, policy-conforming Delete argument. If MBisanz found one, he needed to explain it clearly. WP:N clearly states the burden of proof is on the Delete side for determining whether the subject of an article is notable. For WP:N, WP:OR, WP:RS, all cited by MBisanz in the close or on this page, objections are clearly removed from consideration once sources are put on the page, as WP:DGFA clearly states. If MBisanz found the sources inadequate, he needed to say so, because they appear to be obviously adequate (PhilKnight, above, disagrees about notability). I think the sources I found were just icing on the cake. DGFA also clearly puts the responsibility for following policy on the shoulders of the closing admin, not the participants in the discussion. The AfD system relies on closing admins to follow policy and to follow consensus only for judgment calls that policy doesn't cover. -- Noroton (talk) 22:39, 9 March 2009 (UTC)[reply]
- Endorse deletion per the arguments of PhilKnight. Chillum 07:04, 8 March 2009 (UTC)[reply]
- Overturn While I agree that Brrryce didn't seem to be exercising WP:AGF with his recall attempt, I can't see this AfD as being anything other than no consensus. I didn't get to see the article in question before it was deleted, but in reading both the AfD and DRV its pretty clear to me that there are sources to establish and address both WP:N and WP:RS. While the article may have a lack of what some editors would consider reliable sources at the time of the AfD (and the deletion comments aren't convincing IMO), this still does not discount the fact that reliable sources do appear to exist. Put simply, it seems to me the problems raised are editorial issues and are not something that can or should have been "fixed" with an administrative option such as deletion. Tothwolf (talk) 10:42, 8 March 2009 (UTC)[reply]
- Overturn and perhaps move: This Article has problems and needs work. BUT, the original argument for deleting this article was put forward by an editor who remarked that since there was no article on the San Francisco Gay community, this article should not exist. Then several red herrings about size of this community were put forward. Finally, the argument that positing the existence of an African American community in this place was "Original research" given that we only have references for historic African American centered events and demographic data for an African American population, and therefore we are inventing the concept of an African American "Community". Prior to deletion, I had proposed moving this to African American History of Davenport Iowa, (which would exactly match the title of a couple of articles) and at least one supporter of deletion had accepted this as a compromise. A couple of hours later the article was deleted. I hate to say this, but I really believe this whole thing was a political argument brought by folks who don't want articles of African American communities, and in their defense, believe that such articles would be political acts: that all coverage should be subsumed into the race neutral articles on Davenport, Iowa and History of Davenport, Iowa. Problem being, neither of these articles (worked on extensively by a couple of the people proposing deletion) even mention Black folks, let alone the Dred Scott thing, the importance and a destination in the Great Migration, the fact that the schools were only integrated by State and Federal enforcement in 1977, etc. Ignoring this context, while par for Wikipedia, explains the pile on of passionate and ever changing deletion arguments, I believe. Given this, I must question the motivation for deletion of this article, as opposed to a good edit which would cut out unreferenced material: something which would have taken an hour, rather than days of deletion debates. T L Miles (talk) 20:29, 8 March 2009 (UTC)[reply]
- In these kinds of cases, I try to avoid questioning the motivation of particular editors when evidence isn't clear. There can be a hundred reasons for making a mistake, and it's impossible to sort them out without getting into the head of the other person -- and here on Wikipedia all we have to go on is online conduct. I think it's better to point out that some actions, done even with the best intentions, could make reasonable people concerned. Someone who has good motivations and doesn't want to offend will take that message to heart (or refute it); someone with bad motivations or who doesn't care about offending others will eventually get tripped up, and there will be a WP record of your statement. And in the meantime we can all work together. You've already made a convincing case that WP policies allow for articles on topics that can be reliably sourced, and it's been proven that the reliable sources are available. As far as I can tell, there's nothing, not even DRV, to prevent Wikipedia from having a policy-compliant article on this topic now that we've got new sources. I'm sure all well-motivated Wikipedians will be happy with that. -- Noroton (talk) 16:45, 9 March 2009 (UTC)[reply]
- Endorse, undelete or recreate, relist – In a discussion populated on both sides by many arguments that are irrelevant to the notability of the topic (see e.g. WP:ITSNOTABLE, WP:BIGNUMBER, WP:ABOUTEVERYTHING on the "keep" side and WP:JNN, WP:NOTBIGENOUGH on the "delete" side), the decision was within the closer's discretion. However, in light of the new information provided by Noroton, the article definitely should have another chance. So, I endorse the closer's evaluation of the consensus in the AfD, but think that the article should be recreated from scratch or undeleted and relisted for discussion. –Black Falcon (Talk) 05:01, 9 March 2009 (UTC)[reply]
- Overturn and relist Personally I am not convinced there was a consensus to delete in the AFD, but regardless considering the evidence produced by Noroton above to me it certainly no longer seems to be the correct closure so think it should be overturned and let the community decide based on the new evidence. Davewild (talk) 18:18, 10 March 2009 (UTC)[reply]
|