Tu Huo Qiang (Chinese: 突火枪; Pinyin: tūhuǒqiāng) was a precursor to guns invented in the 1250s. It consisted of a moso bamboo tube which had been partially hollowed out and loaded with gunpowder and a single projectile, called the zi kē (子窠).^{[citation needed]} Chinese historian Fiang Jiasheng [zh] in the 1950s first posited it as evidence of the first "occlusive bullet", whereby a "pellet wad" occluded the barrel.^[1]

• Wujing Zongyao
• Huolongjing