Totskoye
Totskoye То́цкое | |
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Location of Totskoye  | |
  Totskoye Location of Totskoye  Totskoye Totskoye (Russia) | |
| Coordinates: 52°31′47″N 52°44′52″E / 52.52972°N 52.74778°E | |
| Country | Russia |
| Federal subject | Orenburg Oblast |
| Administrative district | Totsky |
| Founded | August 1736 |
| Elevation | 85 m (279 ft) |
| Time zone | UTC+5 (MSK+2 [1]) |
| Postal code(s)[2] | 461131 |
| OKTMO ID | 53652449101 |
Totskoye (Russian: То́цкое) is a rural locality (a selo) and the administrative center of Totsky District of Orenburg Oblast, Russia. Population: 6,898 (2010 Census);[3] 7,201 (2002 Census);[4] 7,095 (1989 Soviet census).[5]
History
The settlement was founded in 1736.
During World War I, it was the site of a prisoner-of-war camp that became notorious for a typhus epidemic in the winter of 1915-1916. More than 9,000 of 17,000 prisoners died.[6] Czech writer Jaroslav Hašek was one of its survivors.
During World War II, it was the site of a prisoner-of-war camp for Polish prisoners. In 1941–1942, the 6th and 7th Infantry Divisions of the Polish Anders' Army were formed and stationed in Totskoye.[7] Poles were housed in makeshift camps in dire conditions, mostly in tents and dugouts, and suffered from shortages of food, medicine, warm clothing and footwear.[8] Due to extreme cold reaching −54 °C (−65 °F), the Poles were relocated to Shahrisabz and Karmana in early 1942.[8][9] A monument for Polish soldiers is erected there.[citation needed]
In 1954, the Totskoye range was the site of the Soviet nuclear tests. Totskoye is also the site of the Totskoye air base.
References
- ^ "Об исчислении времени". Официальный интернет-портал правовой информации (in Russian). June 3, 2011. Retrieved January 19, 2019.
- ^ Почта России. Информационно-вычислительный центр ОАСУ РПО. (Russian Post). Поиск объектов почтовой связи (Postal Objects Search) (in Russian)
- ^ Russian Federal State Statistics Service (2011). Всероссийская перепись населения 2010 года. Том 1 [2010 All-Russian Population Census, vol. 1]. Всероссийская перепись населения 2010 года [2010 All-Russia Population Census] (in Russian). Federal State Statistics Service.
- ^ Federal State Statistics Service (May 21, 2004). Численность населения России, субъектов Российской Федерации в составе федеральных округов, районов, городских поселений, сельских населённых пунктов – районных центров и сельских населённых пунктов с населением 3 тысячи и более человек [Population of Russia, Its Federal Districts, Federal Subjects, Districts, Urban Localities, Rural Localities—Administrative Centers, and Rural Localities with Population of Over 3,000] (XLS). Всероссийская перепись населения 2002 года [All-Russia Population Census of 2002] (in Russian).
- ^ Всесоюзная перепись населения 1989 г. Численность наличного населения союзных и автономных республик, автономных областей и округов, краёв, областей, районов, городских поселений и сёл-райцентров [All Union Population Census of 1989: Present Population of Union and Autonomous Republics, Autonomous Oblasts and Okrugs, Krais, Oblasts, Districts, Urban Settlements, and Villages Serving as District Administrative Centers]. Всесоюзная перепись населения 1989 года [All-Union Population Census of 1989] (in Russian). Институт демографии Национального исследовательского университета: Высшая школа экономики [Institute of Demography at the National Research University: Higher School of Economics]. 1989 – via Demoscope Weekly.
- ^ Tucker, Spencer C.; Roberts, Priscilla, eds. (2005). World War I: Encyclopedia. ABC-CLIO. p. 939. ISBN 978-1-85109-420-2. Retrieved September 22, 2022.
- ^ Ocaleni z "nieludzkiej ziemi" (in Polish). Łódź: Instytut Pamięci Narodowej. 2012. p. 43. ISBN 978-83-63695-00-2.
- ^ a b Ocaleni z "nieludzkiej ziemi". p. 46.
- ^ Ziółkowska, Ewa (2002). "Polskie groby w Uzbekistanie i Kazachstanie. W 60. rocznicę polskiego wychodźstwa z ZSRR". Wspólnota Polska (in Polish). No. 3–4 (116–117). p. 65. ISSN 1429-8457.
External links