Thoma is a version of Thomas, originating from Aramaic t’om’a, meaning ‘twin’, and may refer to:

• Antonius von Thoma (1829–1897), German Roman Catholic archbishop
• Annette Thoma (1886–1974), German composer
• Busso Thoma (1899–1945), German army officer; hanged for his part in the July 20 assassination attempt on Hitler
• Dan J. Thoma (b. 1963), American metallurgist and professor
• Delvin Thoma (b. 1983), Nauruan politician
• Dieter Thoma (b. 1969), German Olympic ski jumper
• Georg Thoma (b. 1937), German Olympic skier
• Godfrey Thoma (b. 1957), Nauruan politician
• Hans Thoma (1839–1924), German artist
• Hans Thoma (engineer), Germany engineer, inventor of the bent-axis axial piston pump/motor, the "Thoma-design", USPTO patent No. 2155455, 1935.
• Heini Thoma (1900–1982), Swiss Olympic rower
• Ludwig Thoma (1867–1921), German author, editor, and publisher
• Maralyn Thoma, American soap opera television writer
• Ruby Thoma (b. 1949), Nauruan politician
• Thoma (scholar) (died 1127), Moorish Spaniard author and scholar
• Thoma, a playable character in Genshin Impact
• Thoma Avenir, one of the main characters in the manga Magical Record Lyrical Nanoha Force
• Wilhelm Ritter von Thoma (1891–1948), German army officer

Other

• 5492 Thoma, main-belt asteroid