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Trinity College, Kandy

Trinity College
ත්‍රිත්ව විද්‍යාලය
டிரினிட்டி கல்லூரி
Flag of Trinity College
Address
Map
No. 262, D. S. Senanayake Veediya

Kandy
,
20000

Sri Lanka
Coordinates7°18′00″N 80°38′13″E / 7.29996°N 80.63708°E / 7.29996; 80.63708
Information
Former nameKandy Collegiate School
School typePrivate school with day and boarding facilities
MottoRespice finem
(Look to the end)
Religious affiliation(s)Christianity
DenominationAnglican Church of Ceylon
Established17 January 1872; 152 years ago (1872-01-17)
FounderJohn Ireland Jones
School boardThe Board of Governors of Trinity College
ChairmanDushantha Lakshman Rodrigo
(Chairman of the Board of Governors)
PrincipalAraliya Jayasundara
ChaplainShelton Daniel
Grades1–14
GenderMale
Age range6–19
Enrollment3,500
Education systemNational Education System and Edexcel
LanguageEnglish, Sinhala and Tamil
Hours in school day07:30–14:30 SLST
Colour(s)Trinity red, Trinity yellow and Trinity blue [1]
   
Song"The Best School of All"
PublicationTrinity College Magazine
AlumniOld Trinitians
Websitetrinitycollege.lk

Trinity College Chapel

Trinity College, Kandy is a private Anglican boys' school located in Kandy, Sri Lanka. It offers both day and boarding facilities. It was founded in 1872 by British Anglican missionaries of the Church Missionary Society, modelled on British public school tradition.[2] Trinity offers primary and secondary education, and is a leading private school in Sri Lanka managed by the Anglican Church of Ceylon.[3][4]

History

Rev. J. Ireland Jones (1857-1860), founder of the Kandy Collegiate School
Rev. Richard Collins (1872-1878), founder of Trinity College

In 1857 the local Anglican community in Kandy urged the Church Mission Society (CMS) to establish a school for boys in the area.[5] On 16 October 1857 the Rev. John Ireland Jones arrived from England, establishing the Kandy Collegiate School.[6][7] The school operated for approximately six years.[7]

In 1872 the CMS sent out the Rev. Richard Collins, the principal of the CMS Syrian College of Travancore to re-open the collegiate school in Kandy.[8] On 18 January 1872, it was re-opened as the Trinity College and Collegiate School, with the Collins as principal [9][10] and by the end of that year there were 120 enrolled students.[7] The school library was opened in 1875. Early in 1877 the Collegiate School name was dropped and it simply became Trinity College.[7] Rev. Collins left in 1878[11] and Thomas Dunn became acting principal of the school. In 1879 the college was affiliated with the University of Calcutta.[12]

In 1880 the Rev. John G. Garrett was appointed as principal of the school and by the following year enrolments had increased to 238 students, with 30 boarders.[7] In 1885 Garrett had to resign due to ill health and was replaced by the Rev. Dr. E. Noel Hodges, formerly the principal of the Noble High School, Machilipatnam.[7] In 1889 Dr. Hodges was appointed as the Anglican Bishop of Travancore and Cochin and his post at Trinity was taken by Rev. Edward John Perry, who had been a master at Merchant Taylors' School.[7][13] On 2 April 1890, Perry was accidentally shot dead near Alutnuwara, whilst on a visit to the Vedda people in the area.[7][13][14] The Rev. J. W. Fall, who was the vice-principal, became the acting principal until the arrival of the Rev. Henry Percy Napier-Clavering, in June 1890.[7] At that time Trinity had 298 students, of whom sixty-three were boarders.[7]

In August 1900 Napier-Clavering resigned to return to England and attend to family matters.[7] He was replaced by Rev. Robert William Ryde, who had previously been the vice-principal at the school from 1895 to 1899 before becoming the principal at St. John's College, Jaffna.[7] Rev. Ryde held this post for a brief two years, leaving in 1902.[7] In 1902 the Rev. J. Carter became the temporary principal followed by a succession of temporary principals, including the Rev. Napier-Clavering[15] and the Rev. A. MacLulich.

On 5 November 1904, the Rev. Alexander Garden Fraser was appointed as the principal of the school.[7][16] During Fraser's tenure he transformed a provincial school into a nationally recognised institution.[9][17] His educational reforms included the introduction of Sinhalese and Tamil into the curriculum and increased its involvement in the local community.[18][19] He was responsible for a number of building projects, including the Asgiriya Stadium and the Trinity College Chapel. He served continuously as the principal for eighteen years until 1922, his service was only interrupted by two years when he served as an army chaplain with the British Expeditionary Force in France during World War I.

The school was headed from 1925 to 1935 by Canon John McLeod Campbell[20] (who later served as chaplain to the Royal Family). McLeod Campbell retired in 1935[21] and was replaced by Rev. Robert Stopford. Stopford was the last English-born principal of the school,[22] remaining in the position for five years. He later became Bishop of London. During his tenure, the college hall was gifted by a former student, A. H. T. De Soysa.[23][24] In 1940 the Church Missionary Society handed control of the school to an independent board of governors.

The board's first appointment was C. E. Simithraaratchy, the first old boy and Ceylonese-born principal, who ran the school from 1941 until 1951, including the Second World War years. His successor was Norman Sydney Walter, from 1952 to 1957. Walter returned to England and later became the headmaster of Loughborough Grammar School.[25] The responsibility for the school was then passed onto Cedric James Oorloff (formerly the principal of Wesley College, Colombo)[26] between 1957 and 1968.[27] In 1968 E. Lionel Fernando became the second former student to be appointed as the school's principal. His tenure ran for nine years, until 1977. At which time W. G. Wickremasinghe (the principal of Carey College, Colombo) was appointed as principal of the school.[28] He was followed by Lt. Col. Leonard M. De Alwis in 1988 who was responsible for the Pallekele Rugby Stadium.[29][30] He administered the school until 1998 and resigned to take on the role as the inaugural principal of Springfield College, Kandy.[31][32] De Alwis was succeeded by Warren Ranjithan Breckenridge. Breckenridge was a former student at Trinity and a professor of zoology at Peradeniya University, a post he held until 1998 when he was appointed the principal of Trinity.[33] Following Breckenridge's retirement the college in 2003 appointed Roderick Gilbert as the school's principal.[34] Gilbert, an Indian-born Englishman, who was previously the principal at the Hebron School in Ootacamund, India.[35] Brig. Udaya Aryaratne [36] was the principal from 2008 to 2015 and was succeeded by former vice principal Colin B. Ratnayake, as the acting principal until the appointment of Andrew Fowler-Watt in 2016.

Rev. Fr. Araliya Jayasundara OSB assumed the role of principal, succeeding Andrew Fowler-Watt, effective from 1 October 2020.[37]

World War I

The Ceremonial unveiling by the Governor in 1919

Trinity College and two other English missionary schools, namely S. Thomas' College, Mount Lavinia and Kingswood College, Kandy, and the state school Royal College, Colombo, had students who served in the first world war. Among the Trinitians, Aelian Perera was awarded a commission with the Durham Light Infantry and J. W. S. Bartholomeusz received the Croix de Guerre of the first class for his valour.[38]

The World War I memorial of a German machine gun stands overlooking the quadrangle in front of the Alison house. The memorial is based on traditional Sri Lankan architecture and was unveiled on behalf of King George V on 16 October 1919 by Sir William Henry Manning, the Governor of Ceylon.[39] The memorial commemorates the service of 65 former students and staff from Trinity, including principal, Rev. A. G. Fraser, who fought in the First World War.

The Governor in his commendatory tribute stated:

“To me, Trinity College has a record and a Roll of Honour of which it may be justly proud. I find that 65 masters, men and boys gave their services overseas during the war and of these 65, there were no fewer than 33 casualties – 13 killed, 18 wounded, and two taken prisoner by the Germans. Now that is 50% of the number that proceeded to the battlefront. It is a record, I repeat again of which Trinity College may well be proud of – a record, I am sure you will agree with me, which any battalion, any regiment, any unit of His Majesty's service would be proud of.”[39]

The centre of the memorial is a Maschinengewehr 08, which was captured from an enemy encampment. The machine gun was the first noteworthy war trophy gifted by the King to Ceylon. Trinity was the first school outside the United Kingdom to be so honoured.[39]

Principals

Principals of Trinity College, Kandy.
Portrait Name From To Special Notes
The Kandy Collegiate School
John Ireland Jones[nb 1], MA (Trinity College, Dublin) 1860 1872 Founder of The Kandy Collegiate School
Trinity College, Kandy.
Richard Collins MA (Cantab) 1872 1878 First Principal of Trinity College
John G. Garrett MA (Trinity College, Dublin) 1880 1886
Edward Noel Hodges, MA (Oxon), DD 1886 1889 Bishop Emeritus of Travancore and Cochin
Edward John Perry[nb 2], MA (Oxon) 1889 1890[nb 3]
Henry Percy Napier-Clavering, MA (Cantab) 1890 1900
Robert William Ryde, MA (Cantab) 1900 1902[nb 4]
Alexander Garden Fraser, MA (Oxon), CBE 1904 1924
John McLeod Campbell, MA (Oxon), MC, DD 1924 1935 Honorary Chaplain to the Queen

Chaplain to the Speaker of the House of Commons

Robert Stopford, MA (Oxon), DD (Lond), KCVO, CBE 1935 1941 Honorary Chaplain to the Queen (1952-1955)

Bishop Emeritus of Peterborough (1956-1961)

Bishop Emeritus of London (1961-1973)

Dean of Her Majesty's Chapels Royal (1961-1973)

Bishop Emeritus of Bermuda - 1976

C. E. Simithraaratchy[nb 5], BSc (Cey.) 1941 1951 First Ceylonese and Old Boy
Norman Sydney Walter, MA (Oxon) 1951 1957
Cedric James Oorloff, BA (Lond), CCS 1957 1968
E. Lionel Fernando, BA (Cey.) 1968 1977
W. G. Wickremasinghe, MA (Oxon), DD 1978 1988 Former President, Sri Lanka Baptist Sangamaya
Leonard M. De Alwis, MA (Hull) 1988 1998
Warren Ranjithan Breckenridge, BSc (Cey.), PhD (McGill) 1998 2003
Roderick Gilbert, B.Ed. (Lond) 2004 2008[nb 6]
W. Gamini Kumara Udaya Aryaratne [nb 7] [nb 8], B.Tech. (CME, Pune) 2014 2015
Andrew Fowler-Watt, MA (Cantab) 2016 2020[43]
Araliya Jayasundara OSB, MSc, MA (Pera), MPhil, SLPS[37] 2020 present

School song and hymn

The school song, "The Best School of All", was adapted from a poem composed by Sir Henry Newbolt in 1889 as a song for Old Boys of Clifton College in Bristol - his alma mater. The tune of the school song was composed by Lawrence Arthur Adamson, headmaster of Wesley College, Melbourne in 1907.[44][45]

The words of the school hymn were composed by Walter Stanley Senior and is sung to the hymn tune, "Bishopgarth" composed by Arthur Sullivan for the Golden Jubilee of Queen Victoria. Senior was the vice-principal at the college for ten years (1906–1916), he also deputised as acting principal for a short period in the absence of Alexander Fraser.[46][47]

College crest

Coat of arms of Trinity College, Kandy
Notes
The Crest was designed in 1912 by the school's vice-principal, Rev. Lewis John Gaster, who was a qualified architect and draughtsman. It first appeared in the debut of the school's magazine, published in 1921.
Adopted
1922
Motto
Respice finem
(Latin for "Look to the end")
Symbolism
The lion: Poised atop the shield, symbolising strength and vigilance.
The three crowns: Representing the Holy Trinity, a core element of Christian doctrine.
The cross: Emphasising the college's Christian missionary roots.
Colours: Roaring red, glorious gold, and brilliant blue, each chosen for their historical and symbolic significance.
The scholastic scroll: A scroll of wisdom, underscoring the college’s dedication to academic excellence.
Previous versions
The school crest has evolved twice since the inception in 1857.[48]

Origins and inspiration

The crest's design draws inspiration from the crests of Clifton College, a boarding school influenced by Rugby School, and Trinity College at the University of Cambridge.

  • The lion: The Lankan lion atop the shield, wielding a sword in its right paw, is inspired by the Sinhalese flag.
  • The cross: Replacing the chevrons seen on the Clifton and Trinity Cambridge crests, the cross reflects the college’s Christian roots.
  • The three crowns: Borrowed from the coronets of Oxford University, these symbolise the Holy Trinity and embody a sense of royalty and nobility, aligning with Trinity College Cambridge’s heritage.
  • The motto: Respice finem – expounds the principle that it is not merely about persevering to the end with determination, but about upholding the highest ideals and standards throughout.

Awards

Ryde Gold Medal

The Ryde Gold Medal is awarded each year to the "best all-round boy" at Trinity.[49] The Ryde Gold Medal is the highest honour that the school can bestow. It is awarded on the result of a secret ballot conducted among the senior boys and the staff whose votes, together with that of the principal, each count as one. While this system makes deadlock possible, it is only on four occasions that the medal has not been awarded as a result of the three votes going to three different people.[49] The medal cannot be won more than once.[50]

The Ryde Gold Medal was first presented in 1908 to John Andrew, but he was not the first boy in the history of the school to be adjudged the best all-rounder. Historical records show that such a prize has been awarded as early as 1894.[49] The Ryde Gold Medal is named after R. W. Ryde, a former principal of Trinity (1900–1902).

Notable winners of the Ryde Gold Medal include Dr Jayantha Dhanapala (1956), the former Under Secretary-General of the UN and senior special advisor to presidents Chandrika Bandaranaike Kumaratunga and Mahinda Rajapakse, former Sri Lankan Foreign Minister Lakshman Kadirgamar (1949), former vice president and CIO of the World Bank; M.V. Muhsin (1962), first Ceylonese IGP and Ambassador Sir Richard Aluwihare (1915) and Sri Lankan Cricket Captain Kumar Sangakkara (1996).

Trinity Lion

The Trinity Lion is the most prestigious award a sportsman can achieve at Trinity.[51] Rugby Lions were awarded in 1915, to A. Halangoda and R. Ondaatje. Since then there have been 129 Rugby Lionsmen (until 2004). Notable awardees of Trinity Lions include former Sri Lankan Foreign Minister, Lakshman Kadirgamar; former Lieutenant General Denzil Kobbekaduwa: Sri Lankan Cricketers Kumar Sangakkara, Ravi Ratnayeke, Olympic Silver Medalist Duncan White and former major general and Ambassador Niranjan A Ranasinghe. There has been one Triple Lion in Trinity's history which is Thushara Weerasooriya who achieved this feat in 1986 in Rugby, Cricket, and Athletics.[52]

Day and boarding houses

Alison (left) and Napier (right) houses after WWI

Trinity College rose into prominence as a Boarding School since its inception in 1872. The boarding system got referred to as the “Backbone of college”. Often, well to do parents from all around Ceylon, the British Empire, and the world sent their children to the Trinity boarding. Royal families in Uganda, Gold Coast (Ghana), Brunei and Maldives, to respectable communities in China and the Middle East, boarded their children at Trinity in the days of old.[53]

The senior school students are divided into five houses. Their names are derived from past principals and teachers of the college. There are three boarding houses, however, due to low numbers of boarders they collectively compete as the Central Boarding House.[54] The houses are led by House Captains, competing in all major games to win the inter-house competitions.

Central Boarding House

Arms of Napier House
Napier House
  • Colours: Red and White
  • The first official Senior Boarding House was started in 1898 and constructed by Rev H. P. Napier-Clavering and later named after him as Napier House. The UNESCO declared Napier house as a conserved structure within the world heritage city of Kandy.
Alison House
  • Colours: Blue and White
  • On 7 June 1909, the foundation stone of Alison house was laid by Mrs Fraser. Alison house was designed by Norman S. Campbell and was constructed by Messrs. Walker, Sons & Co. Ltd. The opening ceremony of the Alison House took place on 17 December 1909 in the presence of Ernest Arthur Copleston D. D. Bishop of Colombo. The Governor, Sir Henry Edward McCallum, opened the Laboratories by unlocking the main door with a silver key handed to him by the principal, Rev. A. G. Fraser. The new dormitory got named after Alison Watson, the daughter of Mr William Watson of Newcastle, whom Fraser appointed as honorary secretary and treasurer of the Trinity College Extension Fund in Great Britain.[55]
Ryde House
  • Colours: Black and Yellow
  • Ryde House got opened as the 3rd boarding house of Trinity in 1911, during the tenure of Alexander Garden Fraser. Ryde house got named after Robert William Ryde - the sixth principal of Trinity College.

Houses of day scholars

Garret House
  • Colours: Green
  • Established: 1910 (named after the third principal, Rev. John Garrett)
Lemuel House
  • Colours: Blue
  • Established: 1954 (named after C. N. Lemuel, a long-serving teacher at Trinity College)
Oorloff House
  • Colours: Maroon
  • Established : (named after the thirteenth principal, Cedric Oorloff)
Simithraaratchy House
  • Colours: Yellow
  • Established : (named after the eleventh principal, C. E. Simithraaratchy)

Junior boarding

The junior boarding accommodates students from Grades 4 to 7. In the past, 5-year-olds got housed in the matron's dormitory from where they went to the Junior School Boarding Houses, named after former principals Collins, Hodges and Perry. Between the junior and senior houses, the boarders got housed in a dormitory referred to as Squealary, which got further divided into Junior, Senior and Super. And within these houses, they had separate sections named after three well-known British Public Schools, Eton, Harrow and Rugby. Currently, the boarding does not issue admission to students below fourth grade.[56]

Alumni

Main article: List of Trinity College, Kandy alumni

Publications and the digital archive

During the 3rd rendition of the Annual Fraser Memorial Oration on 12 February 2024, The Trinity Story 1872 – 2022, a book providing a narrative of the life and times of Trinity as envisioned by the founding fathers and spanning 150 years, was launched. The first copy was presented to the principal.

Furthermore, the Trinity Digital History website (Trinity Digital History) was also launched. This website serves as a comprehensive digital archive of Trinity's historical records spanning from 1872 onwards.[57][58]

See also

References

  1. ^ "Branding Property Usage Guidelines For Public Reference – Tri-tone College colour pallette". Trinity College. 29 July 2022. Archived from the original on 13 June 2023. Retrieved 13 June 2023.
  2. ^ Kē En Ō Dharmadāsa (1992). Language, religion, and ethnic assertiveness: the growth of Sinhalese nationalism in Sri Lanka. Ann Arbor: University of Michigan Press. ISBN 9780472102884. p. 32.
  3. ^ "History of 'The Bradby Shield'". The Nation (Sri Lanka). 8 June 2008. Archived from the original on 20 December 2019. Retrieved 20 September 2024.
  4. ^ Roberts, Adam (2012). Democracy, Sovereignty and Terror: Lakshman Kadirgamar on the Foundations of International Order. I.B.Tauris. p. 15. ISBN 978-1848853072. Archived from the original on 12 October 2023. Retrieved 20 September 2024.
  5. ^ Stock, Eugene (1899). The History of the Church Missionary Society: Its Environment, Its Men and Its Work, Volume 2. Church Mission Society. p. 284.
  6. ^ Meulder, Wallace R. (1962). Schools for a New Nation: The Development and Administration of the Educational System of Ceylon. K. V. G. De Silva & Sons. p. 18.
  7. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n Balding, Rev J. W. (1922). One Hundred Years in Ceylon. Madras: Church Mission Society. pp. 76–84.
  8. ^ "History". Archived from the original on 9 March 2022. Retrieved 20 September 2024.
  9. ^ a b Miranda, Sujitha (18 August 2013). "Trinity, Kandy has been looking to the end since its beginning". The Sunday Times. Archived from the original on 27 November 2014. Retrieved 14 November 2014.
  10. ^ "The Ecclesiastical Gazette". 34. Oxford University: Church of England. 11 July 1871: 6. {{cite journal}}: Cite journal requires |journal= (help)
  11. ^ "The Church Missionary Review". 51. Church Missionary Society. 1900: 948. {{cite journal}}: Cite journal requires |journal= (help)
  12. ^ Bandyopadhyay, Pramathanath, ed. (1957). Hundred Years of the University of Calcutta: a History of the University issued in Commemoration of the Centenary Celebrations, Volume 1. University of Calcutta.
  13. ^ a b "List of Inscriptions on Tombstones and Monuments in Ceylon". Mocavo. Archived from the original on 29 November 2014. Retrieved 14 November 2014.
  14. ^ "The Church Missionary Review". 41. Church Missionary Society. 1890: 420. {{cite journal}}: Cite journal requires |journal= (help)
  15. ^ "The Church Missionary Review". 54. Church Missionary Society. 1903: 876. {{cite journal}}: Cite journal requires |journal= (help)
  16. ^ "A.G. Fraser Papers". Bodleian Library. 22 December 2011. Archived from the original on 20 December 2014. Retrieved 13 November 2014.
  17. ^ Symonds, Richard (October 2006). "Fraser, Alexander Garden (1873–1962)". Oxford Dictionary of National Biography (online ed.). Oxford University Press. doi:10.1093/ref:odnb/63453. Retrieved 13 November 2014. (Subscription or UK public library membership required.)
  18. ^ Anderson, Gerald H., ed. (1999). Biographical Dictionary of Christian Missions. Wm. B Eerdmans Publishing. p. 223. ISBN 9780802846808.
  19. ^ Sadanandan, Renuka (7 September 2008). "The Spirit of a School". The Sunday Times. Archived from the original on 24 September 2015. Retrieved 13 November 2014.
  20. ^ Stanley, Brian (2009). The World Missionary Conference, Edinburgh, 1910. Wm. B Eerdmans Publishing. p. 6. ISBN 9780802863607.
  21. ^ "Journal of Education". 66. Oxford University Press. October 1934. {{cite journal}}: Cite journal requires |journal= (help)
  22. ^ Pilimatalavuva, Ananda (12 August 2004). "Whither Trinity College in new century?". Daily News. Archived from the original on 14 December 2014. Retrieved 3 December 2014.
  23. ^ Ratwatte, Kanchana (18 July 2010). "In Appreciation Of Trinity". The Sunday Leader. Archived from the original on 11 December 2014. Retrieved 10 December 2014.
  24. ^ Albert Hildebrand Theodore De Soysa – 130th birth anniversary of one of Trinity's great benefactors (Official Website) Archived 29 May 2024 at the Wayback Machine, Retrieved 3 April 2019
  25. ^ Ferguson, Alistair Mackenzie (1968). "Ferguson's Ceylon Directory". 110–112. Associated Newspapers of Ceylon Limited: 255. {{cite journal}}: Cite journal requires |journal= (help)
  26. ^ Medis, Frederick, ed. (1995). The Church of Ceylon: A History, 1945-1995. Diocese of Colombo. p. xx.
  27. ^ Amerasekera, Dr. Nihal D. (4 January 2014). "Cedric James Oorloff – A tribute to a great educationist of the 20th Century". The Island. Archived from the original on 11 December 2014. Retrieved 3 December 2014.
  28. ^ Jayaratne, Bandulla (4 June 2014). "Appreciation – Wickremasinghe". The Sunday Times.
  29. ^ Ratnayake, Ranjit (2010). "A salute from one old Trinitian to another". The Sunday Times. Archived from the original on 6 January 2016. Retrieved 20 January 2015.
  30. ^ De Joodt, Ken (2006). "Hemaka Amarasuriya – an amiable Sports Celebrity". Daily News. Archived from the original on 5 February 2015. Retrieved 20 January 2015.
  31. ^ "Quality education with a warm touch". The Sunday Times. 2003. Archived from the original on 24 September 2015. Retrieved 20 September 2024.
  32. ^ Ratwatte, Charitha (29 January 2013). "Perched On Their Pinnacles Of Triumph". Colombo Telegraph. Archived from the original on 11 December 2014. Retrieved 10 December 2014.
  33. ^ Abeyesekera, Ranjan (13 September 2009). "Breck did justly, loved mercy and walking". The Sunday Times. Archived from the original on 3 May 2015. Retrieved 3 December 2014.
  34. ^ De Alwis, Sharm (18 December 2003). "Trinity gets new Principal". Daily News. Archived from the original on 20 January 2015. Retrieved 20 January 2015.
  35. ^ "UK 2012 Reunion Report". Hebron School. 2012. Archived from the original on 20 January 2015. Retrieved 20 January 2015.
  36. ^ Marikar, Hafiz (2012). "Trinity Principal a great performer". Daily News. Archived from the original on 3 March 2016. Retrieved 20 January 2015.
  37. ^ a b Rt. Rev. Canagasabey, Dhiloraj (24 August 2020). "Appointment of Principal". Trinity College. Archived from the original on 12 October 2023. Retrieved 29 February 2024.
  38. ^ "World War I: The Great War centenary | Daily FT". Archived from the original on 12 October 2023. Retrieved 20 September 2024.
  39. ^ a b c "A King's gift – the captured German machine gun | Trinity College Kandy - Respice Finem". 10 October 2018.
  40. ^ "Trinity College Board of Governors slams Govt. over move against Principal". The Island. Archived from the original on 13 November 2014. Retrieved 22 September 2014.
  41. ^ Kannangara, Nirmala (25 February 2013). "Principals Sans Principles". The Sunday Leader. Archived from the original on 13 November 2014. Retrieved 22 September 2014.
  42. ^ Fernando, Lahiru (18 May 2015). "Enjoining Order on ex-Principal of Trinity College extended". Newsfirst. Archived from the original on 13 April 2016. Retrieved 2 April 2016.
  43. ^ "Announcement from the Principal". 1 January 2020. Archived from the original on 13 January 2020. Retrieved 13 January 2020.
  44. ^ Roberts, Adam, ed. (2012). Democracy, Sovereignty and Terror: Lakshman Kadirgamar on the Foundations of International Order. I.B.Tauris. p. 15. ISBN 9781848853072.
  45. ^ Ladduwahetty, Ravi (25 October 2011). "Play up! Play up! And play the game!". The Island. Archived from the original on 4 March 2016. Retrieved 24 September 2014.
  46. ^ Gunawardena, Charles A. (2005). Encyclopedia of Sri Lanka. Sterling Publishers. p. 329. ISBN 9781932705485.
  47. ^ Schokman, Derrick (22 February 2003). "W. S. Senior and "The Call of Lanka"". Daily News. Archived from the original on 14 April 2014. Retrieved 24 September 2014.
  48. ^ "The crest of Trinity College Kandy". Trinity College. 25 June 2024. Archived from the original on 22 August 2024. Retrieved 2 September 2024.[non-primary source needed]
  49. ^ a b c Marikar, Hafiz (13 February 2014). "Trinity College Prize Giving Today". Daily News. Archived from the original on 12 October 2023. Retrieved 24 September 2014.
  50. ^ "Past winners of the Best All-Round-Boy of Trinity College (pre-Ryde Gold Medal era) and Past winners of the Ryde Gold Medal". 17 March 2016.
  51. ^ Caffoor, Inshaf (16 December 2014). "Kaneel Seneviratna – Trinity's first Double Lion of the 21st Century". ThePapare.com. Archived from the original on 22 January 2013. Retrieved 24 September 2014.
  52. ^ de Joodt, Ken (16 September 2006). "'Thusha' Weerasooriya - Trinity's Triple Lion". Daily News. Archived from the original on 3 August 2023. Retrieved 6 August 2023.
  53. ^ "Boarding System | Trinity College Kandy Official Website". Archived from the original on 12 October 2023. Retrieved 20 September 2024.
  54. ^ Jayasundara, Upananda (3 March 2014). "Simitharachchi House – Athletic Champions of Trinity". Daily News. Archived from the original on 13 November 2014. Retrieved 13 November 2014.
  55. ^ "A walk through the history of the Alison House | Trinity College Kandy - Respice Finem". 24 September 2019. Archived from the original on 25 February 2024. Retrieved 20 September 2024.
  56. ^ "The Boarding Houses of Trinity | Trinity College Kandy - Respice Finem". 24 November 2020. Archived from the original on 17 April 2024. Retrieved 20 September 2024.
  57. ^ Pathiraja, Nimuthu (12 February 2024). "Fraser-Memorial Oration 2024 brightened with groundbreaking Trinity History Project". Trinity College. Archived from the original on 28 February 2024. Retrieved 28 February 2024.
  58. ^ "LIVE: 3rd Annual Fraser Memorial Oration & Launch of the Trinity History Project" (video). youtube.com. Trinity College Kandy. 12 February 2024. Archived from the original on 28 February 2024. Retrieved 20 September 2024.

Notes

  1. ^ Rev. Jones was the principal of the Kandy Collegiate School, the predecessor of Trinity College.
  2. ^ Rev. Perry was the first experienced teacher to become principal.
  3. ^ In 1890 Perry was accidentally shot by a pupil.
  4. ^ During 1900 through to 1904 Trinity College had six Principals – one permanent and five acting.
  5. ^ Simithraaratchy was the first Ceylonese and the first old boy to become the principal of the school.
  6. ^ Mr and Mrs Gilbert's visas were cancelled by the Sri Lankan Government in 2008 (7 months prior to their expiry) forcing Gilbert to resign and leave the country.[40]
  7. ^ Brig. Aryaratne's actual rank in the Sri Lankan Army was a Colonel and he only served as a temporary Brigadier. His tenure was marked by a plethora of court cases, some alleging that he could not substantiate some of the qualifications he had claimed.[41]
  8. ^ His tenure ended in May 2015 through court intervention and Colin Ratnayake replaced him as acting principal pending the appointment of a new principal.[42]

Further reading

  • Valesco L O Reimann (1922). A history of Trinity College, Kandy. Madras: Diocesan Press
Quelle: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Ryde_Gold_Medal