The Most Reverend
The Most Reverend is an honorific style given to certain high-ranking religious figures, primarily within the historic denominations of Christianity, but occasionally also in more modern traditions. It is a variant of the more common style "The Reverend".
Catholic
In the Catholic Church, two different systems may be found. In England, Scotland, Wales, and a number of Commonwealth nations, the system is identical to that described for Anglicanism. Archbishops bear the style "The Most Reverend", with other bishops styled "The Right Reverend".[citation needed] In other countries, all bishops are styled "The Most Reverend", as well as monsignors of the rank of protonotary apostolic de numero.
By custom, this title is used for the ministers general of the various branches of the Order of Friars Minor as well as of the Third Order Regular of St. Francis.
Eastern Orthodox
In the Eastern Orthodox tradition, archbishops under the Ecumenical Patriarchate (those who are not the primates of autocephalous churches) and metropolitans are styled "The Most Reverend".[1] Other bishops are styled "The Right Reverend".
Anglican
In the Anglican Communion, the style is applied to archbishops[2] (including those who, for historical reasons, bear an alternative title, such as presiding bishop), rather than the style "The Right Reverend" which is used by other bishops. "The Most Reverend" is used by both primates (the senior archbishop of each independent national or regional church)[3] and metropolitan archbishops (as metropolitan of an ecclesiastical province within a national or regional church).
Retired archbishops usually revert to being styled "The Right Reverend",[4] although they may be appointed "archbishop emeritus" by their province on retirement, in which case they retain the title "archbishop" and the style "The Most Reverend", as a courtesy. Archbishop Desmond Tutu was a prominent example. Uniquely within Anglicanism, for historical reasons, the Bishop of Meath and Kildare is also given this style, despite not being an archbishop.[5]
Other denominations
In some modern Christian denominations, "The Most Reverend" is used to refer to archbishops and presiding bishops,[6] or sometimes simply to senior pastors of churches.
References
- ^ "His Eminence, the Most Reverend Metropolitan Constantine (Papastephanou)". Archived from the original on October 22, 2016. Retrieved October 22, 2016.
- ^ "How to address the clergy". Crockford's Clerical Directory. Archived from the original on June 27, 2015.
- ^ "What is a primate?". Anglican Communion. Primates meetings. Archived from the original on November 21, 2007.
- ^ "Archbishop Justin Welby – The 105th Archbishop of Canterbury". Archbishop of Canterbury. Retrieved November 4, 2018.
- ^ Healy, John (1908). History of the Diocese of Meath (PDF). Vol. 2. Dublin. pp. 232–233.
The following statement, drawn up in 1876 by Sir J. Bernard Burke, Ulster King at Arms, will show the historical grounds on which the claim of Meath rested: Anciently Meath was one of the five provinces, and the seat of the chief monarch of Ireland. In 1152, Cardinal Paparo, Legate a latere, brought over four palliums, and assigned one to each of the four bishops, Armagh, Dublin, Cashel, and Tuam, erecting those Sees into archbishoprics. As some consolation to Meath, and in recognition of the former royal eminence of that province, the Bishop of Meath was styled Most Reverend, and given the first place among bishops primus inter pares. […] At the Reformation, the Protestant Church found the Bishop of Meath accorded the first place among bishops, and has ever since allowed that pre-eminence to the See.
{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link) - ^ "United Churches of God in Christ, Inc. | The Presidium | Executive Board of Bishops". United Churches of God in Christ, Inc. Archived from the original on December 10, 2013.