Langbahn Team – Weltmeisterschaft

Swifties

Taylor Swift interacting with the Swifties gathered outside the Good Morning America studio in New York City (2012)

Swifties are the fandom of the American singer-songwriter Taylor Swift. Regarded by journalists as one of the largest, most devoted, and influential fan bases, Swifties are known for their high levels of participation, creativity, community, and cultural impact on the music industry and popular culture. They are a subject of widespread coverage in the mainstream media.

Critics have opined that Swift has redefined artist–fandom relationships by establishing an intimate connection with Swifties. She has frequently engaged with, helped, credited and prioritized her fans, who have offered unprecedented support and interest in her works irrespective of her wavering reception in the media. They continued to support Swift through her genre transitions, unanticipated artistic pivots, and her highly publicized controversies such as the 2019 masters dispute, while instigating the political scrutiny of Ticketmaster that led to implementation of various laws and stimulating economic growth with the Eras Tour. Journalists consider Swifties as a significantly influential voting bloc, especially in the politics of the United States.

Swift's releases, promotional efforts, and fashion have garnered attention for incorporating Easter eggs and clues that are decoded by Swifties and considered part of her musical universe. They have also been a subject of criticism, with some fans displaying disregard for Swift's privacy by publicizing her real-time locations and verbally abuse individuals, including celebrities, who malign Swift. On the other hand, some Swifties criticize Swift herself for her lifestyle and professional choices, which journalists disapprove as a parasocial relationship.

Cultural analyses have variably described Swifties as a community of interest, a subculture, and a near-metaverse, while academics have studied them for their consumerism, content creation, social capital, collective effervescence, organizing prolificacy, and interpersonal relationships. The word Swiftie(s) was added to the Oxford Dictionary of English in 2023.

History

Taylor Swift began writing, recording and releasing country music in 2006. Before releasing her debut single, "Tim McGraw" (2006), Swift had been using social networking websites. She was one of the first country artists to use the Internet as a marketing tool for her music, predominantly promoting herself on Myspace and connecting with listeners who liked her music when it played on radio.[1][2][3] She created her MySpace account on August 31, 2005, a day before her then-label, Big Machine Records, was inaugurated. Swift's songs on MySpace collected more than 45 million listens, which Scott Borchetta, the label CEO, provided to "skeptical" country radio programmers to convince them of existing fans for Swift's songs.[4]

Swift posing with fans in Singapore in 2012

Swift released her self-titled debut studio album in the United States in October 2006. It sold 40,000 copies in its first week,[5] but became a sleeper hit as its sales remained consistent over time,[6] reaching one million copies in November 2007.[7] It garnered its highest sales week in January 2008, with 187,000 copies.[8] This sleeper success contributed to a rapid increase in Swift's notability within and beyond the country music scene. Taylor Swift spent 24 weeks at the number-one spot of the U.S. Top Country Albums chart and became the longest-running album from the 2000s decade on the all-genre Billboard 200.[9][6] Her follow-up album, Fearless, was released in November 2008 and became the best-selling album of 2009. It achieved significant international success beyond the Anglosphere,[10][11] where country music was then not popular,[12][11] and its singles "Love Story" and "You Belong with Me" became crossover successes on pop radio,[13] catapulting Swift to mainstream fame and widening her audience.[14][15] The success planted dedicated fanbases for Swift in overseas markets such as the United Kingdom,[10] Ireland, Brazil, Philippines, China, Vietnam, Taiwan,[11] India,[16] and Japan.[17][18] Her subsequent albums, which saw her experiment with pop, rock, electronic, folk, and alternative styles, helped enlarge her fanbase and diversify its demographics in the following decades.[19][20]

Etymology

The word "Swiftie" for a Swift fan gained popularity in the late 2000s. Etymologically, the word is formed from Swift's name and the suffix "ie", which is often used in diminutives to imply affection.[21] Swift stated in a 2012 Vevo interview that her fans call themselves "Swifties", which she found "adorable".[22] Swift filed the term for trademark in March 2017.[23] In 2023, Oxford Dictionary of English defined Swiftie as a noun meaning "an enthusiastic fan of the singer Taylor Swift." As per the dictionary, some words that collocate with Swiftie in popular usage are "fandom", "die-hard", "hardcore" and "self-proclaimed".[21] According to Dictionary.com, the term Swiftie often implies that the person is "a very passionate and loyal fan—as opposed to just a casual listener."[24]

Relationship with Swift

A fan poster by a Swiftie

Swift maintains a close relationship with Swifties, to whom many journalists attribute her cultural influence.[25][26] To The Washington Post, Swift and Swifties are "all part of one big friend group".[27] She has "revolutionized" the relationship a celebrity can have with fans, according to The New York Times.[28] Many fans feel connected to her as they "have grown up with her and her music."[29][30] Lora Kelley of The Atlantic stated that Swift "understands the power of the group experience."[31] Her connection with fans is considered unique for artists of her stature; she has interacted with them on social media, sent them gifts, hand-selected them to attend intimate concerts or meet-and-greets, made surprise visits, participated in some of their functions (such as a wedding or a bridal shower), and gifted free tickets to disadvantaged or medically ill fans.[26][32][33] Swift's habit of lurking her fans online has been referred to as "Taylurking" by the fans.[34]

In June 2010, Swift hosted a 13-hour meet-and-greet as a part of the CMA Festival in Nashville, Tennessee. In 2014, 2017 and 2019, she hosted the "Secret Sessions", a series of pre-release album-listening parties for fans at her houses,[35][36] and a 2014 Christmas event dubbed by the fans as the "Swiftmas," where Swift sent packages of early Christmas presents to fans and hand-delivered some of them.[37] Swift has also written songs in honor of her fans, such as "Long Live" (2010)[38] or "Ronan" (2012); the latter is a charity record about a fan's four-year-old son who died of neuroblastoma.[32] In 2023, she invited 2,200 fans to the world premiere of her concert film, Taylor Swift: The Eras Tour, free of cost.[39] Zoya Raza-Sheikh of The Independent reported that Swift "remains at the forefront of delivering fan-based experiences to cultivate an ever-growing following. Whether it's personal invites to the singer's house for album listening parties, aka Secret Sessions, or pre-show hangouts, she continues to put her fans first."[34]

Swift taking pictures with fans outside the Toronto International Film Festival in 2022

With her large fanbase, Swift is one of the most followed people on social media.[40][41][42] According to ticketing executive Nathan Hubbard, Swift was the first musician ever "to be natively online."[43] Rolling Stone critic Brittany Spanos opined that Swift grew her fanbase on social media: "She was using Tumblr way past its prime. Twitter. She's now on TikTok, commenting on people's videos."[3] The part of TikTok dominated by Swifties is known as "SwiftTok".[34] A 2024 qualitative study of Swifties credited "Swift's constant self-disclosure and authentic persona on social media" for the Swifties' exceptional relationship with Swift.[44]

The nicknames generally used by Swifties for Swift include "Blondie" (referencing her blonde hair), "T-Swizzle" (after the lyrics in Swift's 2009 parody song "Thug Story" with American record producer T-Pain), and "The Music Industry" (referring to her influence on the music industry).[45] Chinese Swifties dubbed her "Meimei" (霉霉), a pun based on the Chinese character "Mei" (霉) for "unlucky" that has since been adopted by Chinese state media.[46][47]

Swift has donated to fans to cover their academic loans, medical bills, rent or other expenses.[48] In 2018, she bought a house for a homeless and pregnant fan.[49] Her high donation to a fan with leukemia on GoFundMe in 2015 caused the crowdfunding platform to expand its donation cap.[50] In 2023, thousands of Swifties collectively donated US$125,000 via GoFundMe to the family of a fellow Swiftie who was struck and killed by a drunk driver on his way home from a Swift concert. Much of the donated amount was given in portions of $13, Swift's favorite number.[51] When three children were murdered and several other maimed at a Swift-themed event, Swifties raised over £100,000 within a day to help the victims.[52]

While Swifties are generally perceived as a fandom unanimously supportive of Swift, members of the fanbase have also criticized her a number of times throughout the years. Reasons include insufficient political activism from Swift, such as during Donald Trump's election as the 45th president of the U.S.[53][54] or the Israeli-Palestinian conflict,[55][56] and the individuals she has been associated with in the media, such as Matty Healy, who is known for his controversial statements.[57] Swift has also criticized her fans or some of her fans in certain lyrics of her eleventh studio album, The Tortured Poets Department (2024), prominently in the tracks "But Daddy I Love Him" and "Who's Afraid of Little Old Me?" for encroaching on her private life.[58]

Lore and community

"Her use of symbols and imagery has only grown over time, to the point that if you look deep enough into Swift World, her fans seem as if they are practically speaking another language with abbreviations, coded catchphrases and references that only they understand."

Emily Yahr, The Washington Post (2022)[59]

Journalists describe Swift's works, celebrity, and the fanfare surrounding them as a world of its own, dubbing it a music "universe" subject to analyses by Swifties. Propagated by her prolific use of Easter eggs and "unusually close connection with her fans",[27][60] Swift is a source of myth in popular culture. Her outfits, accessories, diction, color coding, and numerology have also been Easter eggs.[61][62] Swifties are known for their fan theories, having gained a reputation as "the best online sleuths" for breaking down and associating various elements they consider as clues or Easter eggs.[63][64] According to Bruce Arthur of Toronto Star, "Swift is followed by fans whose dedication to her mythology is Byzantine and layered and complex and messianic."[65]

Glamour and The Washington Post termed the lore as the Taylor Swift Cinematic Universe.[66][67] Entertainment Weekly called it Taylor Swift Musical Universe—"a pop star known for prodigious hint-dropping, whose fans turn every piece of info into an online archaeological dig."[68] In The Guardian, Adrian Horton said "Swiftverse" is a subculture of mass media, cultivated by "years of worldbuilding and Swiftian mythology",[62] while Alim Kheraj wrote Swift turned pop music into a "multiplayer puzzle" involving fanbase commitment, which other artists have attempted to reproduce.[69] According to Sinéad O'Sullivan in The New Yorker, the Swiftverse is "a fan universe, filled with complex, in-sequence narratives that have been contextualized through multiple perspectives" across Swift's albums.[70]

Fan art referencing Swift's speech at the 1989 World Tour (2015) about her song "Clean" (2014)

Andrew Unterberger of Spin wrote that symbolisms are "inextricable elements of the Taylor Swift experience" and key to understanding her work.[71] To Caroline Mimbs Nyce of The Atlantic, Swift's fandom is nearly a metaverse: "a huge virtual community unmoored from a single platform, based on a world around Taylor Swift, missing only the 3D virtual space to hang out in."[72] According to Yahr, Swift enjoys embedding "clues, hints and puzzles" in her works, social media posts and interviews, constructing a self-mythology that fans believe could have a hidden meaning and attempt to decode, such as a release date, song or album title or an artistic element.[59] Madeline Merinuk of Today observed how Swift's easter eggs, which originated as short messages hidden within elaborate CD packaging, have become more innovative and intricate over time.[73] The critical analysis is referred to as "Swiftology" in the media.[74][71] For instance, "the scarf" mentioned in "All Too Well" has been a topic of mythology.[75][76][77]

Swift is known for her album rollouts and promotional concepts, often referred to as "eras".[78][79][80] Each era is characterized by an aesthetic idea, color palette, mood, and a fashion style.[81][82][83] As such, Swift has reinvented her image and style throughout her career, which Ashley Lutz of Fortune felt aided in broadening her fanbase.[61] Today senior editor Elena Nicolaou reported on how Swifties, who are mostly millennials, have incorporated Swiftie culture into their weddings and other events.[84]

Sociological characteristics

Swifties made and shared friendship bracelets at the Eras Tour (2023–2024), inspired by the song "You're on Your Own, Kid". The number 13, as Swift's favorite and lucky number, is often referenced by the fans as well.

Swifties have been described as a loyal fanbase with high levels of participation and creativity;[85] devoted fans in overseas countries such as China translate her lyrics and coordinate large-scale Swift-related events.[47] Their positive reception of Reputation, which was released after her 2016 controversy, demonstrated their commitment to her, irrespective of a tonal shift in her artistry and public perception.[86] Billboard wrote the unprecedented success of Swift's re-recorded albums was further evidence of their loyalty.[87] According to Willman, the re-records' success inspired other artists to "weaponize fans in their business disputes".[88] Author Amanda Petrusich described Swifties' allegiance as both "mighty and frightening".[89] The Guardian critic Rachel Aroesti wrote, "You can't argue with her fanbase, immaculately devout and mind-bogglingly populous."[90] Swifties are a "force"—"a large and powerful group", according to the music professor Paula Harper from the University of Chicago.[91]

A fan collection

The consumerist phenomenon of participating in or purchasing anything related to Swift has been termed "the Taylor Swift effect" by publications.[92][93][94] To business scientists Brendan Canavan and Claire McCamley, the relationship between Swift and Swifties represents post-postmodern consumerism.[95] Sociologist Brian Donovan opined, "it is easy to dismiss the frenzy surrounding Swift as mindless hero worship. Yet, the Swifties have shown the power of fandom to create social bonds that transcend consumerism."[96] He praised Swift's ability to "tap into the collector mindset in her fandom".[97] Arthur opined, "People like to frame Swifties as an extreme case, but it sort of functions the same way as in sports."[65] Claire Cohen opined in Evening Standard that there is an underlying misogyny in the way Swifties are portrayed by the media, often male authors, as "some Victorian hysteria; irrational and shallow". Cohen stated that "liking her music is looked down on by those who consider themselves arbiters of what's culturally 'good enough', in the same way as romantic literature by women is written-off as mere 'chick lit'."[98]

The fan frenzy, generally termed "Swiftmania",[99] has been considered the 21st-century equivalent to Beatlemania by journalists such as Jon Bream of Star Tribune, who said "Swift has achieved a once unthinkable monoculture, a zeitgeistian redux of Beatlemania".[100][101] Shows and television programs featuring Swift often experience viewership peaks due to Swifties; Super Bowl LVIII experienced higher viewership due to Swift's relationship with Kansas City Chiefs player Travis Kelce.[102][103] Apart from music artists who have cited Swift as an influence, such as Olivia Rodrigo, Halsey and Camila Cabello, various other celebrities have described themselves as Swifties.[104][105]

Industrial impact

See also: Cultural impact of Taylor Swift
refer to caption
Filipino drag queen Taylor Sheesh, known for impersonating Swift, rose to fame due to Swifties.[106]

Swifties have been widely covered for their support for Swift in terms of her commercial success. Swift is known for her large CD and vinyl sales despite the 21st-century music scene having shifted to a largely digital industry.[107] From 2014 to 2015, Swift contested music streaming services Spotify and Apple Music to regulate their policies to protect artists' integrity.[25][108] She announced that 1989, her first-ever pop music album, would not release on Spotify and Apple Music, protesting the platform's "minuscule" payments to musicians.[109] Some journalists, such as Nilay Patel of Vox, criticized Swift's beliefs; Patel said that the Internet sabotaged the album format and claimed that most fans would not shop for a Swift CD anymore.[110] Many industry personnel felt that Swift's departure from country music and streaming platforms would impact the album's sales.[111] Publications predicted 1989 to not sell over one million copies in its first week like her previous albums Speak Now (2010) and Red (2012) did.[112][113] However, 1989 was an unprecedented success for Swift despite the lack of streaming support, widely purchased by fans as CDs from Target;[114] the album sold 1.28 million copies in its opening week.[114] In the 2020s, Swifties have also been credited with being one of the factors behind the vinyl revival.[115] Swift's album LP variants have been sold exclusively at small businesses, driving their profits.[116][117]

Swift's fans increased the publicity surrounding her 2019 masters dispute with Big Machine and American businessman Scooter Braun and drove the success of her re-recording efforts.[88][118][119] An online petition launched by a fan on Change.org, calling Braun and Borchetta "to stop holding Swift's art hostage", garnered 35,000 plaintiffs in its first three hours. Michael Jones, a managing director of Change.org, described the petition as "one the fastest-growing petitions on the platform this month".[120] Braun, however, claimed that Swift "weaponized" her fanbase by making the dispute public.[121] Swifties also discovered that the Carlyle Group, a partner of Braun in the dispute, supplies weapons to the civil war in Yemen, which was confirmed by publications such as The New York Times.[122][123][124]

A Swiftie in one of Swift's outfits from the Eras Tour and the "22" music video

Swift's works, including concert tours such as the Eras Tour, are known to stimulate surrounding economies.[125] The economic impact—driven largely by Swifties and attributed to the "booming" travel, lodging, cosmetic, fashion, and food businesses[126]—boosts tourism revenues of cities by large margins.[127][128][129] The Los Angeles Times described Swifties as an economic microcosm.[130] In November 2022, the U.S. pre-sale of the Eras Tour was mishandled by Ticketmaster, receiving widespread public and political scrutiny. Due to "astronomical" fan demand,[131] the Ticketmaster website crashed but 2.4 million tickets had been sold, breaking the record for the most concert tickets sold by an artist in a single day. Ticketmaster attributed the crash to "historically unprecedented" site traffic.[132][133] Fans and consumer groups accused Ticketmaster of deceit and monopoly.[134] The intense fan reactions caused several members of U.S. Congress to highlight the merger of Ticketmaster and its parent company Live Nation Entertainment,[135] and the U.S. Department of Justice to open an investigation into Live Nation–Ticketmaster,[136] while several fans sued the companies for intentional deception, fraud, price fixing, and antitrust law violations.[137] Under pressure from U.S. president Joe Biden, Ticketmaster and other ticketing companies agreed to terminate junk fees.[138] Entertainment Weekly and The A.V. Club listed "Swifties vs. Ticketmaster" as one of the biggest cultural news stories of 2022.[139][140] CNN journalist Allison Morrow wrote in an article titled "One Nation, Under Swift" that Swift's fans united the parties against Ticketmaster in a way "the Founding Fathers failed to anticipate".[141]

Noticing the growing trend of Swift-themed dance parties in the world, industry commentators found that Swift's cultural position as a staple in the 21st-century music landscape allowed nightclubs to profit from her by hosting specialized events for fans.[142][143][144] One such party is "Swiftogeddon", which began as a one-off Swiftie event in London and grew into a U.K.-wide club-night tour that sells out every weekend.[145] American reality television programs such as Dancing with the Stars and The Voice hosted special Swift-themed nights in 2023.[146][147] Swiftie trends have also inspired various brands. The A.V. Club stated that "usually, pop stars are products and fandom is the consumer", but Swifties are a product themselves. For instance, the phrase "seemingly ranch" became viral after a fan account on Twitter used it to caption a photo of Swift's snacks at a National Football League (NFL) game, spawning a string of memes and causing food companies like Heinz, McDonald's, KFC, Hidden Valley and Primal Kitchen to pick it up for their products and marketing.[148][149][150]

Demographics

See also: Generational appeal of Taylor Swift

According to a 2023 survey by Morning Consult, in the U.S., 53% of adults said they were fans of Swift, of whom 44% identified as Swifties and 16% as her "avid" fans. Of the fans, 52% were women while 48% were men. Racially, the 74% of the fans were white, 13% were Black, 9% were Asian, and 4% from other races. Politically, 55% of the fans were Democratic, 23% were Republican, and 23% were independent. In terms of generations, 45% are millennials, 23% are baby boomers, 21% are Generation X, and 11% are Generation Z.[151] Journalists have also noted an increase in Swift's boomer and Generation X fans, known as "senior Swifties".[97][152] Black Swifties have claimed that they often face derision from other Black people, who question the racial status of Black Swifties for being fans of a White artist.[153]

Political role

Further information: Political impact of Taylor Swift
A logo of Swifties For Kamala

Brooke Schultz of the Associated Press called Swifties an influential voter demographic in U.S. politics: "the sheer power and size of Swift's fandom has spurred conversations about economic inequality, merely symbolized by Ticketmaster".[154] According to a 2023 survey reported by The Times, 53% adult Americans consider themselves "fans" of Swift, ratings that journalist Ellie Austin said Biden and Trump "can only dream of". Austin explained that though Swift herself is left-aligned, some conservatives still "covet" her, making her a deciding factor in the U.S. politics.[155] In May 2023, Texas approved the law titled "Save Our Swifties", banning the use of bots to bulk-purchase tickets.[156][157] Similar bills were launched in various U.S. states and the U.S. Congress.[158][159] Internationally, presidential candidates such as Gabriel Boric in Chile and Leni Robredo in the Philippines have appealed or marketed themselves to Swifties during their respective election campaigns.[160][161] The Islamic State (ISIS) planned to mass-murder attendees of one of Swift's Eras Tour shows in Vienna, Austria, in a plot that was thwarted by Austrian authorities.[162]

Swifties formed the Swifties For Kamala coalition in 2024 to "help get Democratic candidates elected up and down the ballot", with focus on the campaign of Kamala Harris in the 2024 US presidential election. Though not affiliated with Swift herself, Swifties For Kamala received support from public figures and politicians such as Carole King, Elizabeth Warren, Kirsten Gillibrand, Ed Markey, Chris Deluzio, Becca Balint, and Anderson Clayton.[163][164] After Harris replaced Biden as the Democratic candidate for the 2024 election, Swifties For Kamala amassed nearly 65,000 followers on TikTok alone by July and raised over US$138,000 in a virtual rally in August.[165][166] As of August 2024, the group has 72,000 followers on Twitter and nearly 50,000 on Instagram.[167]

Accolades

List of awards and nominations received by Swifties
Organization Year Award Result Ref.
Capricho Awards de Gato Nacional 2020 Fandom of the Year Nominated [168]
iHeartRadio Music Awards 2014 Best Fan Army Nominated [169]
2015 Nominated [170]
2016 Nominated [171]
2018 Nominated [172]
2019 Nominated [173]
2020 Nominated [174]
2021 Nominated [175]
2022 Nominated [176]
2023 Nominated [177]
2024 Nominated [178]
MTV Europe Music Awards 2015 Biggest Fans Nominated [179]
2017 Nominated [180]
2018 Nominated [181]
2019 Nominated [182]
2020 Nominated [183]
2021 Nominated [184]
2022 Nominated [185]
2023 Nominated [186]
MTV Fandom Awards 2015 Fandom Army of the Year Nominated [187]
Nickelodeon Australian Kids' Choice Awards Aussie/Kiwi's Favourite Fan Army Nominated [188]
Nickelodeon Mexico Kids' Choice Awards 2023 Master Fandom Nominated [189]
Nickelodeon UK Kids' Choice Awards 2015 UK Favorite Fan Army Nominated [190]
O Music Awards 2012 Fan Army Nominated [191]
Most Extreme Fan Outreach Won
Radio Disney Music Awards 2014 Fiercest Fans Won [192]
2016 Nominated [193]
Teen Choice Awards 2014 Choice Fanatic Fans Nominated [194]
2018 Choice Fandom Nominated [195]
2019 Nominated [196]

Criticism

See also: Political impact of Taylor Swift § Sociopolitical scrutiny

Swifties have received criticism for certain behaviors. Journalists have denounced the parasocial interactions that some Swifties have with Swift, including excessive interest in Swift's private life.[197][198] Fans have swarmed locations where she is spotted.[199] Swift herself has spoken about her lack of privacy many times. In Miss Americana, when Swift leaves her Tribeca apartment surrounded by fans and spectators outside her door, she states that she is "highly aware of the fact that [that] is not normal."[200] Some fans have also been reported to attack, harass, or send death threats online to, and dox other celebrities, journalists, and social media users for various reasons, such as speaking negatively of Swift.[201][202][203] Vice called the fandom an "equal-parts welcoming yet gate-kept community caught in the throes of idealistic, obsessive celebrity culture".[204]

Other fanbases have accused Swifties of racism towards African American artists.[202][205][206] Black Lives Matter activist and chair professor of Pan-African Studies at California State University, Melina Abdullah, opined "Why do I feel like it's slightly racist to be a Taylor Swift fan?", and clarified that "I said feel, not think. Kind of like that feeling I get when there are too many American Flags".[207]

Gaylor

Gaylor is a conspiracy theory that claims Swift is secretly gay. A small faction of Swifties, who call themselves "Gaylors", support and promote the theory, believing that Swift hints at her queerness through her music and lifestyle, although she has stated she is "not part of" the LGBT community but rather an ally. Some Gaylors specifically ship Swift with Karlie Kloss, Dianna Agron, or both, claiming Swift dated them in the past. Most Swifties criticize Gaylor theories as far-fetched, malicious, and disrespectful to Swift. Some journalists likewise dismiss it as an invasive and baseless conspiracy theory.[208][209][210]

Gaylors have alleged that a number of songs released by Swift confirm her romantic interest in women and that she was romantically involved with actresses Emma Stone and Cara Delevingne as well. They claimed that Swift's 2023 song "When Emma Falls in Love" is an acknowledgement of her relationship with Stone although Swift and Stone have only referred to each other as close friends in the media. However, the majority of Swifties consider the past relationship between Stone and actor Andrew Garfield as the inspiration for the song.[211]

In the album prologue to 1989 (Taylor's Version), Swift acknowledged that her female friendships have been sexualized like the tabloid media coverage of her male acquaintances.[212][213] A January 2024 opinion article by writer Anna Marks, published in The New York Times, speculated that Swift is a closeted queer person based on Marks' perceptions of Swift's lyrics and aesthetics, drawing criticism from Swifties and other readers. Subsequently, CNN Business reported that Swift's personnel found the article "invasive, untrue and inappropriate".[214][215]

Academic study

See also: Cultural impact of Taylor Swift § Scholarly interest

Swifties have been the subject of journalistic and academic interest, studied for their social capital, consumerist characteristics and interpersonal relationships.[216][217] Their "prolific content creation, digital savvy, organizing capacity, and sometimes vicious online behaviors" are also subjects of study, as per Internet culture researchers Cristina López and Avneesh Chandra.[218] Donovan distinguished "Taylor Swift fans" from Swifties, opining that the latter are a subculture characterized by collective effervescence, unlike other fanbases. Some linguists termed the Swifties' fan-coded, lyrics-based language a "fanilect".[216] A 2023 network map published by López and Chandra divided Swifties into six distinct factions based on online interactions and topics of discussion.[218] A 2024 qualitative study of Indonesian Swifties claimed that the parasocial interaction with Swift and the interactions between Swifties satiates the fans' "social media gratifications for entertainment, social interactions, and information-seeking."[44] Various universities also host fan clubs dedicated to Swift.[219][220][221]

See also

References

  1. ^ Willman, Chris (July 25, 2007). "Getting to know Taylor Swift". Entertainment Weekly. Archived from the original on May 24, 2022. Retrieved January 25, 2022.
  2. ^ Willman, Chris (February 5, 2008). "Taylor Swift's Road to Fame". Entertainment Weekly. p. 3. Archived from the original on February 21, 2015. Retrieved April 22, 2012.
  3. ^ a b "Taylor Swift is peak millennial vibes". NPR. October 21, 2022. Archived from the original on May 28, 2023. Retrieved December 19, 2022.
  4. ^ Roland, Tom (July 7, 2016). "Love Story: The Impact of Taylor Swift's First Decade in Music". Billboard. Archived from the original on July 14, 2016. Retrieved July 7, 2016.
  5. ^ Hasty, Katie (November 1, 2006). "'Hannah Montana' Trumps My Chem, Legend At No. 1". Billboard. Archived from the original on May 23, 2013. Retrieved February 21, 2010.
  6. ^ a b Malec, Jim (May 2, 2011). "Taylor Swift: The Garden In The Machine". American Songwriter. p. 3. Archived from the original on August 7, 2013. Retrieved May 21, 2012.
  7. ^ Guerra, Joey (November 3, 2007). "Swift known for sweet sound, but there's more to her". Houston Chronicle. Archived from the original on September 25, 2019. Retrieved February 21, 2020.
  8. ^ Walsh, Chris (December 27, 2007). "Groban, Blige Enjoy Huge Weeks On Album Chart". Billboard. Archived from the original on January 15, 2021. Retrieved February 27, 2021.
  9. ^ Whitaker, Sterling (October 24, 2021). "15 Years Ago Today: Taylor Swift Releases Debut Album". Taste of Country. Archived from the original on October 24, 2021. Retrieved October 24, 2021.
  10. ^ a b Cripps, Charlotte (June 21, 2013). "Country music star Taylor Swift the new country music is all about". The Independent. Archived from the original on June 9, 2023. Retrieved June 9, 2023.
  11. ^ a b c Rosen, Jody (November 17, 2013). "Why Taylor Swift Is the Reigning Queen of Pop". New York. Archived from the original on November 19, 2013. Retrieved November 9, 2020.
  12. ^ Crummy, Colin (March 13, 2014). "Detwanging country music: how Nashville took the UK". The Guardian. Archived from the original on May 22, 2022. Retrieved September 23, 2021.
  13. ^ "The Significance of Taylor Swift's Fearless in 2008—and How Taylor's Version Stacks Up". Time. April 9, 2021. Archived from the original on August 26, 2021. Retrieved August 9, 2021.
  14. ^ Stewart, Allison (April 12, 2021). "Taylor Swift's New Take on Fearless Piles on the Nostalgia, Along with Some Revenge". The Washington Post. Archived from the original on August 27, 2021. Retrieved August 20, 2021.
  15. ^ Jackson, Lauren M. (November 12, 2018). "10 Years Later, Taylor Swift's Fearless Still Slaps". Rolling Stone. Archived from the original on April 10, 2021. Retrieved March 27, 2023.
  16. ^ Chingkheingambi, Mayengbam; Sharma, Aditi (December 3, 2024). "Why 'Anti-Hero' Taylor Swift is Indian youngsters' hero". India Today. Archived from the original on February 12, 2024. Retrieved February 18, 2024.
  17. ^ West, Bryan (February 8, 2024). "'Karma is the queen on the stage': Japanese fans hold 500 signs for Taylor Swift". USA Today. Archived from the original on March 8, 2024. Retrieved March 8, 2024.
  18. ^ Colombo, Richard (February 7, 2024). "Japanese fans excited to see Taylor Swift perform in Tokyo just after record Grammy win". Associated Press. Archived from the original on March 8, 2024. Retrieved March 8, 2024.
  19. ^ Hull, Tom (July 27, 2020). "Music Week". Tom Hull – on the Web. Archived from the original on September 10, 2020. Retrieved July 31, 2020.
  20. ^ Hunt, El (July 24, 2020). "How Taylor Swift's new album 'Folklore', inspired by The National, made dad-rock cool again". NME. Archived from the original on September 26, 2023. Retrieved September 26, 2023.
  21. ^ a b "Oxford Word of the Year 2023". Oxford University Press. Archived from the original on January 31, 2024. Retrieved January 30, 2024.
  22. ^ Swift, Taylor (October 29, 2012). "Taylor Swift - #VEVOCertified, Pt. 3: Taylor Talks About Her Fans". Archived from the original on September 26, 2023. Retrieved September 26, 2023 – via YouTube.
  23. ^ Rys, Dan (March 15, 2017). "Taylor Swift Files Nine Trademarks For the Word 'Swifties,' But Why?". Billboard. Archived from the original on September 26, 2023. Retrieved September 26, 2023.
  24. ^ "What Is A "Swiftie"?". Dictionary.com. December 1, 2023. Archived from the original on January 30, 2024. Retrieved January 30, 2024.
  25. ^ a b Khan, Fawzia (June 18, 2021). "The Might Of Taylor Swift". Elle. Archived from the original on June 28, 2021. Retrieved October 20, 2021.
  26. ^ a b Collins, Katie (June 8, 2018). "How Taylor Swift flipped online fandom on its head for the better". CNET. Archived from the original on May 29, 2023. Retrieved March 19, 2023.
  27. ^ a b Yahr, Emily (May 15, 2023). "The bonding experience of watching a Taylor Swift concert from a parking lot". The Washington Post. Archived from the original on May 22, 2023. Retrieved May 17, 2023.
  28. ^ Brodesser-Akner, Taffy (October 12, 2023). "My Delirious Trip to the Heart of Swiftiedom". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Archived from the original on October 14, 2023. Retrieved October 15, 2023.
  29. ^ Fanick, Christopher (May 1, 2019). ""Call It What You Want": The Impact of Fan Characteristics on Political Views". Communication Honors Theses. Archived from the original on May 14, 2023. Retrieved September 23, 2023.
  30. ^ Pazzanese, Christina (August 2, 2023). "So what exactly makes Taylor Swift so great?". Harvard Gazette. Archived from the original on August 7, 2023. Retrieved August 7, 2023.
  31. ^ Kelley, Lora (October 20, 2023). "What Taylor Swift Knows". The Atlantic. Archived from the original on October 20, 2023. Retrieved October 22, 2023.
  32. ^ a b Tilchen, Jordyn (August 21, 2019). "Taylor Swift's Fans Have Known Her For 13 Years — This Is How She's Kept Growing With Them". MTV News. Archived from the original on May 14, 2023. Retrieved May 14, 2023.
  33. ^ "Taylor Swift defends fan, gets them tickets after incident at Philadelphia show". CBS News. May 16, 2023. Archived from the original on May 17, 2023. Retrieved May 17, 2023.
  34. ^ a b c Raza-Sheikh, Zoya (November 17, 2021). "How Taylor Swift redefined online fandom, from SwiftTok to #Taylurking". The Independent. Archived from the original on September 26, 2023. Retrieved September 26, 2023.
  35. ^ Kawa, Katie; Cartlidge, Cherese (December 15, 2016). Taylor Swift: Superstar Singer. Greenhaven Publishing LLC. ISBN 978-1-5345-6026-0. Archived from the original on July 31, 2023. Retrieved September 23, 2023.
  36. ^ Yahr, Emily (November 15, 2017). "Taylor Swift Avoided and Mocked the Media with 'Reputation.' And It Worked". The Washington Post. Archived from the original on October 19, 2020. Retrieved December 25, 2020.
  37. ^ Wang, Jenna (December 24, 2014). "Fans on Taylor Swift's 'Swiftmas': 'No One in the Music Industry Has as Big a Heart as She Does'". Billboard. Archived from the original on December 24, 2021. Retrieved September 26, 2023.
  38. ^ Sodomsky, Sam (August 19, 2019). "Taylor Swift: Speak Now". Pitchfork. Archived from the original on December 14, 2020. Retrieved August 19, 2019.
  39. ^ "Of Course Beyoncé Made A Cameo At Taylor Swift's 'Eras' Film Premiere". Elle. October 12, 2023. Archived from the original on October 14, 2023. Retrieved October 13, 2023.
  40. ^ Weiner, Natalie (September 9, 2015). "Taylor Swift Officially the Most-Followed Person on Instagram (Over Kim K and Bey)". Billboard. Archived from the original on May 11, 2023. Retrieved May 11, 2023.
  41. ^ Duboff, Josh (March 16, 2016). "How Did Selena Gomez Become the Most Followed Person on Instagram?". Vanity Fair. Archived from the original on May 31, 2023. Retrieved May 11, 2023.
  42. ^ "Brandwatch's 50 Most Influential People on Twitter 2021". Brandwatch. Archived from the original on December 27, 2021. Retrieved November 4, 2021.
  43. ^ Ben, Sisario (August 5, 2023). "How Taylor Swift's Eras Tour Conquered the World". The New York Times. Archived from the original on August 5, 2023. Retrieved August 5, 2023.
  44. ^ a b Zafina, Nadzira; Sinha, Annapurna (January 30, 2024). "Celebrity-fan relationship: studying Taylor Swift and Indonesian Swifties' parasocial relationships on social media". Media Asia. 51 (4): 533–547. doi:10.1080/01296612.2024.2304422. ISSN 0129-6612.
  45. ^ Pelzer, Kelsey (December 13, 2022). "15+ Taylor Swift Nicknames". Parade. Archived from the original on October 13, 2023. Retrieved September 30, 2023.
  46. ^ Frater, Patrick (December 4, 2023). "'Taylor Swift: The Eras Tour' Film Seeking Release Date in China (EXCLUSIVE)". Variety. Archived from the original on December 4, 2023. Retrieved December 4, 2023.
  47. ^ a b Tobin, Meaghan; Wu, Pei-Lin (December 29, 2023). "Chinese Swifties are ready to shake it off at the Eras movie". The Washington Post. ISSN 0190-8286. Archived from the original on December 30, 2023. Retrieved December 30, 2023.
  48. ^ Aniftos, Rania (March 23, 2021). "A Timeline of Taylor Swift's Generosity". Billboard. Archived from the original on March 22, 2023. Retrieved May 14, 2023.
  49. ^ Atkinson, Katie (January 3, 2018). "Taylor Swift Helps Pregnant Fan Buy a House: 'She Lifted Me Off the Ground'". Billboard. Archived from the original on September 26, 2023. Retrieved September 26, 2023.
  50. ^ Plucinska, Joanna (July 13, 2015). "GoFundMe Raised Its Donation Cap Thanks to Taylor Swift". Time. Archived from the original on May 17, 2023. Retrieved May 17, 2023.
  51. ^ "Taylor Swift Fans Donate Thousands For Fan Who Was Killed On The Way Home From Her Concert". Yahoo!. April 26, 2023. Archived from the original on September 26, 2023. Retrieved September 26, 2023.
  52. ^ "Swifties for Southport: Fans raise more than £100,000 for Southport victims". The Independent. July 30, 2024. Retrieved July 30, 2024.
  53. ^ Jones, Allie (October 17, 2016). "Taylor Swift Won't Save Us From Donald Trump". The Cut. Archived from the original on May 7, 2023. Retrieved May 7, 2023.
  54. ^ Bereznak, Alyssa (November 8, 2017). "Hearing Both Sides of Taylor Swift". The Ringer. Archived from the original on May 7, 2023. Retrieved May 7, 2023.
  55. ^ Lee, Chantelle (May 29, 2024). "Swifties Demand Taylor Swift 'Speak Now' on Gaza". Time. Archived from the original on May 31, 2024. Retrieved June 2, 2024.
  56. ^ "A growing number of Swifties are calling on Taylor Swift to break her silence on Gaza". NBC News. May 30, 2024. Archived from the original on May 31, 2024. Retrieved June 1, 2024.
  57. ^ D'Souza, Shaad (May 30, 2023). "Demanding Taylor Swift dump Matty Healy? Fan culture is out of control". The Guardian. ISSN 0261-3077. Archived from the original on May 30, 2023. Retrieved June 1, 2024.
  58. ^ Mendez II, Moises (April 19, 2024). "How Taylor Swift Addresses Her Fans in TTPD". Time. Archived from the original on May 15, 2024. Retrieved June 1, 2024.
  59. ^ a b Yahr, Emily (October 20, 2022). "How the search for clues in Taylor Swift's music became all-consuming". The Washington Post. Archived from the original on October 20, 2022. Retrieved May 29, 2023.
  60. ^ Gambles, Sarah (July 23, 2023). "The ubiquitous power of Taylor Swift". Deseret News. Archived from the original on July 23, 2023. Retrieved July 23, 2023.
  61. ^ a b Lutz, Ashley (October 8, 2022). "Taylor Swift's new album proves she is a business genius". Fortune. Archived from the original on October 8, 2022. Retrieved October 8, 2022.
  62. ^ a b Horton, Adrian (May 29, 2023). "How Taylor Swift's Eras tour took over America". The Guardian. Archived from the original on May 29, 2023. Retrieved May 29, 2023.
  63. ^ "All the Taylor Swift fan theories that predicted the 1989 (Taylor's Version) announcement". Hello!. August 10, 2023. Archived from the original on September 25, 2023. Retrieved September 26, 2023.
  64. ^ Hunt, Elle (September 22, 2017). "Taylor Swift's fans make the best online sleuths. What can they teach me about social media?". The Guardian. ISSN 0261-3077. Archived from the original on March 1, 2024. Retrieved March 1, 2024.
  65. ^ a b Arthur, Bruce (September 26, 2023). "Bruce Arthur: Higher, Stronger, Swifter? Taylor Swift goes to a football game and shows she's bigger than the NFL". Toronto Star. Archived from the original on September 27, 2023. Retrieved September 27, 2023.
  66. ^ Yahr, Emily (December 26, 2022). "2022: The year in review (Taylor's version)". The Washington Post. Archived from the original on December 26, 2022. Retrieved December 26, 2022.
  67. ^ Tannenbaum, Emily. "Taylor Swift Hid a Bunch of Easter Eggs in the All Too Well Short Film". Glamour. Archived from the original on June 18, 2022. Retrieved May 13, 2022.
  68. ^ Suskind, Alex (May 9, 2019). "New Reputation: Taylor Swift shares intel on TS7, fan theories, and her next era". Entertainment Weekly. Archived from the original on August 12, 2019. Retrieved May 13, 2022.
  69. ^ Kheraj, Alim (November 9, 2022). "The curate's Easter egg: how Taylor Swift turned pop into a multiplayer puzzle". The Guardian. ISSN 0261-3077. Archived from the original on April 28, 2023. Retrieved May 5, 2023.
  70. ^ O'Sullivan, Sinéad (April 30, 2024). "Why Normal Music Reviews No Longer Make Sense for Taylor Swift". The New Yorker. ISSN 0028-792X. Archived from the original on May 1, 2024. Retrieved May 3, 2024.
  71. ^ a b Unterberger, Andrew (October 22, 2014). "The Complete Taylor Swiftology: A Glossary Of Symbols". Spin. Archived from the original on June 6, 2023. Retrieved May 29, 2023.
  72. ^ Nyce, Caroline Mimbs (October 21, 2022). "Weirdly, Taylor Swift Is Extremely Close to Creating a True Metaverse". The Atlantic. Archived from the original on May 29, 2023. Retrieved May 29, 2023.
  73. ^ Merinuk, Madeline (October 21, 2022). "How Taylor Swift turned fandom into a scavenger hunt of clues". Today. Archived from the original on September 21, 2023. Retrieved September 23, 2023.
  74. ^ Attributed to many sources:  • Adler, Dan (September 18, 2019). "Taylor Swift Opens Up, Really". Vanity Fair. Archived from the original on June 12, 2021. Retrieved October 19, 2022.  • Nicholson, Rebecca (February 5, 2022). "Richard Moore: even spies don't want to see our Wordle solutions". The Guardian. Archived from the original on October 19, 2022. Retrieved October 19, 2022.  • Crucchiola, Jordan (August 16, 2019). "Let's Speculate Wildly About the Meaning of Taylor Swift's Lover Song Titles". Vulture. Archived from the original on October 19, 2022. Retrieved October 19, 2022.
  75. ^ Khomami, Nadia (November 15, 2021). "Where's Taylor Swift's scarf – is it in Jake Gyllenhaal's drawer?". The Guardian. Archived from the original on March 6, 2022. Retrieved March 6, 2022.
  76. ^ Mercado, Mia (November 16, 2021). "Where the Hell Is Taylor Swift's Scarf?". The Cut. Archived from the original on February 3, 2022. Retrieved February 3, 2022.
  77. ^ Yahr, Emily (November 12, 2021). "The story behind Taylor Swift's 10-minute version of 'All Too Well', the song making fans lose their minds". The Washington Post. Archived from the original on November 29, 2022. Retrieved March 2, 2023.
  78. ^ Curto, Justin (December 22, 2020). "Did 2020 Kill the Long, Fancy Pop-Album Rollout for Good?". Vulture. Archived from the original on December 23, 2020. Retrieved December 27, 2020.
  79. ^ Gambles, Sarah (July 23, 2023). "The ubiquitous power of Taylor Swift". Deseret News. Archived from the original on July 23, 2023. Retrieved July 23, 2023.
  80. ^ Friedman, Vanessa (April 24, 2023). "Taylor Swift and the Sparkling Trap of Constant Reinvention". The New York Times. Archived from the original on June 20, 2023. Retrieved June 20, 2023.
  81. ^ "Glittery Guitars to a New 'Reputation': The Many Eras Taylor Swift". Billboard. December 13, 2017. Archived from the original on February 1, 2023. Retrieved June 18, 2022.
  82. ^ Lakritz, Talia. "Taylor Swift embarks on her Eras Tour this spring. Here's a guide to every era of her groundbreaking career". Insider Inc. Archived from the original on July 13, 2023. Retrieved December 15, 2022.
  83. ^ Willman, Chris (August 11, 2023). "Why Taylor Swift's Eras Road Trip Feels Like the Career-Capping Beatles Tour That Never Happened". Variety. Archived from the original on August 11, 2023. Retrieved August 11, 2023.
  84. ^ Nicolau, Elena (November 29, 2022). "How Taylor Swift is transforming millennial weddings". Today. Archived from the original on April 18, 2023. Retrieved November 30, 2022.
  85. ^ Pattison, Kate (September 21, 2023). "How did Taylor Swift get so popular? She never goes out of style". The Conversation. Archived from the original on September 21, 2023. Retrieved September 22, 2023.
  86. ^ Byelousouva, Anastasia (May 13, 2020). "Staying Fearless: A Text Analysis of Vulnerability & Connection Through Taylor Swift's Artistry" (PDF). University of Texas at Austin. pp. 56–57. Archived (PDF) from the original on May 6, 2023. Retrieved November 14, 2023.
  87. ^ Iasimone, Ashley (November 13, 2021). "Taylor Swift Breaks Spotify Single-Day Streaming Records With 'Red (Taylor's Version)'". Billboard. Archived from the original on May 5, 2023. Retrieved May 5, 2023.
  88. ^ a b Willman, Chris (April 20, 2021). "Taylor Swift's 'Fearless (Taylor's Version)' Debuts Huge: What It Means for Replicating Oldies, Weaponizing Fans". Variety. Archived from the original on April 21, 2021. Retrieved May 1, 2021.
  89. ^ Petrusich, Amanda (June 6, 2023). "The Startling Intimacy of Taylor Swift's Eras Tour". The New Yorker. Archived from the original on August 4, 2023. Retrieved June 12, 2023.
  90. ^ Aroesti, Rachel (October 27, 2023). "Taylor Swift: 1989 (Taylor's Version) review – subtle bonus tracks add new depths to a classic". The Guardian. ISSN 0261-3077. Archived from the original on October 27, 2023. Retrieved October 27, 2023.
  91. ^ Smith, Jordan-Marie; Intangliata, Christopher; Kelly, Mary Louise (April 19, 2024). "What Taylor Swift's cultural impact looks like to fans". NPR. Retrieved June 8, 2024.
  92. ^ Cain, Sian (May 10, 2023). "The Taylor Swift effect: why a mystery book is rocketing up US charts – despite no one knowing anything about it". The Guardian. ISSN 0261-3077. Archived from the original on May 14, 2023. Retrieved May 10, 2023.
  93. ^ "The Taylor Swift Effect Is Very Real and It's Now Taking the Sports World by Storm". The Hollywood Reporter. September 29, 2023. Archived from the original on September 29, 2023. Retrieved October 1, 2023.
  94. ^ Florsheim, Lane (December 4, 2023). "No One Can Sell Out $695 Shorts Like Taylor Swift". The Wall Street Journal. Archived from the original on December 5, 2023. Retrieved December 5, 2023.
  95. ^ Canavan & McCamley 2020, p. 222–230.
  96. ^ Brian, Donovan (June 27, 2023). "How Taylor Swift's Eras Tour transcended pop music". MSNBC. Archived from the original on July 2, 2023. Retrieved July 2, 2023.
  97. ^ a b della Cava, Marco; Ryan, Patrick (August 31, 2023). "Taylor Swift is 'in a class of her own right now,' as Eras tour gives way to Eras movie". USA Today. Archived from the original on September 1, 2023. Retrieved September 1, 2023.
  98. ^ Cohen, Claire (July 1, 2024). "If unmarried and childless Taylor Swift is a bad role model, then so is Harry Styles". Evening Standard. Retrieved July 2, 2024.
  99. ^ #Zokovitch, Grace (May 16, 2023). "'A legend's coming:' Taylor Swift mania descends on Boston ahead of weekend concerts". Boston Herald. Archived from the original on May 29, 2023. Retrieved May 29, 2023.
    1. "Taylor Swift mania explained". CBS News. May 26, 2023. Archived from the original on May 29, 2023. Retrieved May 29, 2023.
    2. O'Reagan, Ellen (July 14, 2023). "Swiftflation: star's pulling power likely to push up prices". The Irish Times. Archived from the original on July 24, 2023. Retrieved July 15, 2023.
  100. ^ McMarlin, Shirley (June 13, 2023). "How popular is Taylor Swift? It's the 2023 version of Beatlemania". Pittsburgh Tribune-Review. Archived from the original on June 17, 2023. Retrieved June 17, 2023.
  101. ^ Bream, Jon (June 24, 2023). "Taylor Swift delivers the most fan-fulfilling concert of all time in Minneapolis". Star Tribune. Archived from the original on June 24, 2023. Retrieved June 24, 2023.
  102. ^ Roeloffs, Mary Whitfill. "Swifties Take NFL: Ratings Soared For Chiefs Game As Taylor Swift Cheered On Travis Kelce". Forbes. Archived from the original on September 28, 2023. Retrieved September 28, 2023.
  103. ^ Grein, Paul (August 31, 2022). "Producers of 2022 VMAs on Why They Think the Ratings Ticked Up This Year: 'All the Stars Aligned'". Billboard. Archived from the original on August 31, 2022. Retrieved September 28, 2023.
  104. ^ Robidoux, Brandy; Curran, Amanda; Reece, Adrianne (March 20, 2023). "These 16 Celebrities Are Self-Proclaimed Taylor Swift Fans". Elite Daily. Archived from the original on October 13, 2023. Retrieved September 30, 2023.
  105. ^ "Do You Know About These Celebrities Who Are Hardcore Swifties?". Yahoo! News. August 25, 2023. Archived from the original on October 13, 2023. Retrieved September 30, 2023.
  106. ^ Mier, Tomás (May 23, 2023). "Filipino Taylor Swift Stans Packed a Mall to See an Eras Tour Drag Show". Rolling Stone. Archived from the original on June 22, 2023. Retrieved June 22, 2023.
  107. ^ Arnold, Gina (January 2, 2021). "I Don't Give a Damn About Your Bad Reputation: Taylor Swift, Beyoncé Knowles, and Performance". Contemporary Music Review. 40 (1): 27–40. doi:10.1080/07494467.2021.1945224. ISSN 0749-4467. S2CID 238241113. Archived from the original on September 26, 2023. Retrieved September 26, 2023.
  108. ^ Sisario, Ben (June 21, 2015). "Taylor Swift Criticism Spurs Apple to Change Royalties Policy". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Archived from the original on May 6, 2023. Retrieved May 6, 2023.
  109. ^ Linshi, Jack (November 3, 2014). "Here's Why Taylor Swift Pulled Her Music From Spotify". Time. Archived from the original on January 20, 2023. Retrieved May 6, 2023.
  110. ^ Patel, Nilay (July 7, 2014). "Taylor Swift doesn't understand supply and demand". Vox. Archived from the original on May 15, 2023. Retrieved May 10, 2023.
  111. ^ Sisario, Ben (November 5, 2014). "Sales of Taylor Swift's 1989 Intensify Streaming Debate". The New York Times. Archived from the original on November 11, 2014. Retrieved February 27, 2019.
  112. ^ Mansfield, Brian (October 23, 2014). "Officially Pop, Taylor Swift Embraces Being Unafraid". USA Today. Archived from the original on June 22, 2023. Retrieved June 22, 2023.
  113. ^ Knopper, Steve (October 21, 2014). "Can Taylor Swift's 1989 Save Ailing Music Industry?". Rolling Stone. Archived from the original on April 1, 2019. Retrieved February 27, 2019.
  114. ^ a b Grady, Constance (June 9, 2017). "Taylor Swift puts all her music back on streaming, continues to be a PR genius". Vox. Archived from the original on May 6, 2023. Retrieved May 6, 2023.
  115. ^ Young, Alex (January 20, 2022). "Taylor Swift, the indisputable Queen of Vinyl, named 2022 Record Store Day Ambassador". Consequence. Archived from the original on November 19, 2022. Retrieved March 6, 2022.
  116. ^ Kaufman, Gil (January 20, 2022). "Taylor Swift Tapped as First Record Store Day Global Ambassador". Billboard. Archived from the original on May 25, 2022. Retrieved January 20, 2022.
  117. ^ Golsen, Tyler (January 20, 2022). "Why Taylor Swift is the perfect ambassador for Record Store Day". Far Out Magazine. Archived from the original on April 22, 2022. Retrieved January 21, 2022.
  118. ^ "Taylor Swift fans share tips on how to make old 'Fearless' album disappear". The Independent. April 9, 2021. Archived from the original on October 7, 2021. Retrieved October 6, 2021.
  119. ^ Kornhaber, Spencer (November 18, 2019). "Taylor Swift Is Waging Reputational Warfare". The Atlantic. Archived from the original on May 9, 2022. Retrieved May 9, 2022.
  120. ^ Brandle, Lars (November 14, 2019). "Taylor Swift Fans Launch Online Petition Against Scooter Braun, Scott Borchetta". The Hollywood Reporter. Archived from the original on May 10, 2022. Retrieved May 10, 2022.
  121. ^ Bowenbank, Starr (April 29, 2022). "Scooter Braun Talks Taylor Swift Re-Recording Music, Says He Disagrees With Artists 'Weaponizing a Fanbase'". Billboard. Archived from the original on May 9, 2022. Retrieved May 9, 2022.
  122. ^ Kelly, Kate; Coscarelli, Joe; Sisario, Ben (November 24, 2019). "How Taylor Swift Dragged Private Equity into Her Fight Over Music Rights". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Archived from the original on December 10, 2021. Retrieved December 10, 2021.
  123. ^ "Taylor Swift sics fans on Scooter Braun, The Carlyle Group". The A. V. Club. November 15, 2019. Archived from the original on December 10, 2021. Retrieved December 10, 2021.
  124. ^ Jagannathan, Meera. "Taylor Swift is squaring off with private-equity giant Carlyle Group – here's how the combatants stack up". MarketWatch. Archived from the original on December 10, 2021. Retrieved December 10, 2021.
  125. ^ Psyllou, Maria (August 18, 2023). "Taylor Swift's Eras tour: A harmonious overture of the trickle-down effect on local economies". University of Birmingham. Archived from the original on August 19, 2023. Retrieved August 19, 2023.
  126. ^ Pandey, Erica (May 12, 2023). "Inside the booming Taylor Swift economy". Axios. Archived from the original on May 15, 2023. Retrieved May 15, 2023.
  127. ^ Kaplan, Juliana. "Welcome to Swift City: When Taylor Swift comes to town, businesses build new bars, prepare thousands of cookies, and welcome over 150,000 Swifties". Business Insider. Archived from the original on April 12, 2023. Retrieved April 12, 2023.
  128. ^ Murray, Conor. "Taylor Swift's 'Eras Tour' Has Mayors Competing For Her Attention—Here's What They've Given Her So Far". Forbes. Archived from the original on April 16, 2023. Retrieved April 16, 2023.
  129. ^ Jeffrey, Jeff (May 3, 2023). "How Taylor Swift's Eras Tour boosted Houston's hotels". Houston Business Journal. Archived from the original on May 4, 2023. Retrieved May 4, 2023.
  130. ^ Savaira, Augusta (November 23, 2022). "Welcome to 'Swiftonomics': What Taylor Swift reveals about the U.S. economy". Los Angeles Times. Archived from the original on November 29, 2022. Retrieved November 23, 2022.
  131. ^ Pallotta, Frank (November 16, 2022). "Taylor Swift tickets listed for thousands on StubHub after millions flood Ticketmaster". CNN Business. Archived from the original on November 16, 2022. Retrieved November 16, 2022.
  132. ^ Jones, C. T. (November 15, 2022). "Taylor Swift Tickets Are On Sale. Fans Say It's Their Hunger Games". Rolling Stone. Archived from the original on December 7, 2022. Retrieved November 16, 2022.
  133. ^ Sharf, Zack (November 17, 2022). "Ticketmaster Cancels Taylor Swift Tour's Public Tickets Sale Due to 'High Demand' and 'Insufficient Inventory'". Variety. Archived from the original on November 23, 2022. Retrieved November 20, 2022.
  134. ^ Timsit, Annabelle (December 14, 2022). "Ticketmaster to sell some fans more Taylor Swift tickets after presale fiasco". The Washington Post. Archived from the original on December 16, 2022. Retrieved December 15, 2022.
  135. ^ DeVille, Chris (November 16, 2022). "Taylor Swift Ticket Debacle: Lawmakers Demand Breakup Of Ticketmaster "Monopoly"". Stereogum. Archived from the original on November 26, 2022. Retrieved November 17, 2022.
  136. ^ McCabe, David; Sisario, Ben (November 18, 2022). "Justice Department Said to Investigate Ticketmaster's Parent Company". The New York Times. Archived from the original on December 9, 2022. Retrieved November 18, 2022.
  137. ^ Daly, Rhian (February 15, 2023). "Live Nation antitrust lawsuit thrown out because buyers waived right to sue". NME. Archived from the original on March 1, 2023. Retrieved March 1, 2023.
  138. ^ Tucker-Smith, Owen (June 15, 2023). "How Biden and Taylor Swift beat Ticketmaster". Los Angeles Times. Archived from the original on June 16, 2023. Retrieved June 16, 2023.
  139. ^ "The biggest pop culture moments of 2022". Entertainment Weekly. December 22, 2022. Archived from the original on December 24, 2022. Retrieved December 24, 2022.
  140. ^ "2022's biggest pop culture news stories". The A.V. Club. December 29, 2022. Archived from the original on December 30, 2022. Retrieved December 30, 2022.
  141. ^ Morrow, Allison (January 25, 2023). "One nation, under Swift". CNN. Archived from the original on January 27, 2023. Retrieved January 27, 2023.
  142. ^ Jennings, Rebecca (June 1, 2022). "Staring down 30 at the Taylor Swift dance party". Vox. Archived from the original on November 28, 2022. Retrieved November 28, 2022.
  143. ^ Bensadoun, Emerald (November 26, 2022). "Taylor Swift dance parties are the benevolent alternative to clubbing you never knew you needed". The Globe and Mail. Archived from the original on November 28, 2022. Retrieved November 28, 2022.
  144. ^ Mahdawi, Arwa (July 26, 2023). "Taylor Swift rules the airwaves! But that's bad news for music". The Guardian. Archived from the original on July 26, 2023. Retrieved July 26, 2023.
  145. ^ Solomon, Kate (August 9, 2023). "'I love being part of a collective female experience': inside the all-Taylor Swift club night sweeping the UK". The Guardian. ISSN 0261-3077. Archived from the original on August 13, 2023. Retrieved August 13, 2023.
  146. ^ Aniftos, Rania (October 4, 2023). "'Dancing With the Stars' Will Have a Taylor Swift Night This Season". Billboard. Archived from the original on October 5, 2023. Retrieved October 5, 2023.
  147. ^ Pointer, Flisadam (December 9, 2023). "'The Voice' Is Ready To Pay Homage To Taylor Swift With A Special Night Dedicated To Her Chart-Topping Songs". Uproxx. Archived from the original on December 11, 2023. Retrieved December 11, 2023.
  148. ^ Carr, Mary Kate (September 28, 2023). "Taylor Swift and the "ketchup and seemingly ranch" phenomenon". The A.V. Club. Archived from the original on September 28, 2023. Retrieved September 28, 2023.
  149. ^ Wickman, Kase (September 28, 2023). "Taylor Swift Has Ushered In the "Seemingly Ranch" Marketing Bonanza". Vanity Fair. Archived from the original on September 28, 2023. Retrieved September 28, 2023.
  150. ^ Treisman, Rachel (September 28, 2023). "The journey of 'seemingly ranch,' from meme to top of the Empire State Building". NPR. Archived from the original on September 29, 2023. Retrieved September 29, 2023.
  151. ^ Blancaflor, Saleah; Briggs, Ellyn (March 14, 2023). "The Taylor Swift Fandom Is White, Suburban and Leans Democratic". Morning Consult. Archived from the original on May 16, 2023. Retrieved May 15, 2023.
  152. ^ Slanksy, Paul (June 10, 2023). "The Rise of the Senior Swiftie". Air Mail. Archived from the original on September 11, 2023. Retrieved June 12, 2023.
  153. ^ Newman-Bremang, Kathleen (November 27, 2024). "Black Swifties At The Eras Tour Defend Their Love Of Taylor Swift". Refinery29. Archived from the original on December 2, 2024. Retrieved December 2, 2024.
  154. ^ Schultz, Brooke (November 22, 2022). "Taylor Swift ticket trouble could drive political engagement". Associated Press News. Archived from the original on December 9, 2022. Retrieved November 23, 2022.
  155. ^ Austin, Ellie (April 18, 2023). "Taylor Swift: the superstar who bridges America's political divide". The Times. ISSN 0140-0460. Archived from the original on May 6, 2023. Retrieved May 7, 2023.
  156. ^ Garcia, Ariana (May 23, 2023). "Greg Abbott signs 'Save our Swifties' law to ban ticket-sale bots". Houston Chronicle. Archived from the original on May 23, 2023. Retrieved May 23, 2023.
  157. ^ Carver, Jayme Lozano (May 23, 2023). "Texas lawmakers ban bots that buy concert tickets after Taylor Swift Eras tour glitch". The Texas Tribune. Archived from the original on May 24, 2023. Retrieved May 23, 2023.
  158. ^ Salcedo, Andrea; Mark, Julian (June 12, 2023). "Angry Taylor Swift fans push lawmakers to take on Ticketmaster". The Washington Post. ISSN 0190-8286. Archived from the original on August 9, 2023. Retrieved June 17, 2023.
  159. ^ Knopper, Steve (June 15, 2023). "Hate Ticketmaster? Love Taylor Swift? Politicians Are Backing New Bills to Get Your Vote". Billboard. Archived from the original on June 16, 2023. Retrieved June 17, 2023.
  160. ^ "Chile's new president (Taylor's version): Gabriel Boric is a Swiftie". Los Angeles Times. December 21, 2021. Archived from the original on December 22, 2021. Retrieved September 29, 2023.
  161. ^ Singh, Surej (May 17, 2022). "Leni Robredo's fans are campaigning for a meeting with Taylor Swift". NME. Archived from the original on May 30, 2023. Retrieved September 29, 2023.
  162. ^ "Taylor Swift scraps Austria concerts after terror attack threat; officials find IS, al-Qaida material at suspect's home". Mint. August 8, 2024. Retrieved August 8, 2024.
  163. ^ Dailey, Hannah (August 26, 2024). "Swifties for Kamala Harris Aren't Waiting Around for Taylor Swift's Endorsement to Take Action". Billboard. Retrieved August 27, 2024.
  164. ^ Seo, Rachel (August 27, 2024). "Carole King to Speak at 'Swifties for Kamala' Kickoff Call". Variety. Retrieved August 27, 2024.
  165. ^ Culture, Billie Schwab Dunn Pop; Reporter, Entertainment (July 25, 2024). "'Swifties for Harris' surges as Taylor Swift fans rush to back Kamala". Newsweek. Retrieved August 27, 2024.
  166. ^ Horton, Adrian (August 28, 2024). "Swifties for Kamala rally raises nearly $140,000 for Harris". The Guardian. ISSN 0261-3077. Retrieved August 29, 2024.
  167. ^ "Swifties harness their power for Kamala Harris". Arab News. August 29, 2024. Retrieved August 29, 2024.
  168. ^ "CH Awards: vote nos destaques da música nacional e internacional em 2020". Capricho (in Brazilian Portuguese). Archived from the original on October 31, 2020. Retrieved November 8, 2020.
  169. ^ Blake, Emily (March 26, 2014). "Rihanna, Justin Timberlake Lead iHeartRadio Nominees: See The Full List". MTV News. Archived from the original on June 22, 2015. Retrieved June 14, 2015.
  170. ^ Vain, Madison (March 29, 2015). "iHeart Radio Music Awards 2015: And the winners are..." Entertainment Weekly. Archived from the original on June 25, 2015. Retrieved June 14, 2015.
  171. ^ Blistein, Jon (February 9, 2016). "Taylor Swift, the Weeknd Lead iHeartRadio Music Awards Noms". Rolling Stone. Archived from the original on February 10, 2016. Retrieved February 10, 2016.
  172. ^ "Rihanna, Taylor Swift, Ed Sheeran Lead iHeartRadio Music Award Nominees". Variety. January 10, 2018. Archived from the original on January 10, 2018. Retrieved January 10, 2018.
  173. ^ Sippell, Margeaux (February 27, 2019). "Taylor Swift to Be Honored at iHeart Radio Music Awards". Variety. Archived from the original on February 27, 2019. Retrieved February 27, 2019.
  174. ^ "2020 iHeartRadio Music Awards Nominees Revealed: See the Full List". iHeartRadio. Archived from the original on February 27, 2020. Retrieved January 14, 2020.
  175. ^ Fields, Taylor (May 28, 2021). "2021 iHeartRadio Music Awards: See The Full List Of Winners". iHeartRadio. Archived from the original on May 28, 2021. Retrieved May 28, 2021.
  176. ^ Fields, Taylor. "2022 iHeartRadio Music Awards: See The Full List of Nominees". iHeartRadio. Archived from the original on February 4, 2022. Retrieved January 27, 2022.
  177. ^ Grein, Paul (January 11, 2023). "Jack Harlow Scores Two Song of the Year Nods for 2023 iHeart Radio Awards: Full Nominations List". Billboard. Archived from the original on January 11, 2023. Retrieved January 11, 2023.
  178. ^ Fields, Taylor (January 18, 2024). "2024 iHeartRadio Music Awards Nominees Revealed". iHeartRadio. Archived from the original on January 18, 2024. Retrieved January 18, 2024.
  179. ^ "MTV EMA 2015 Nominations". MTV Europe Music Awards. Archived from the original on September 17, 2015. Retrieved September 15, 2015.
  180. ^ "Breaking: The 2017 MTV EMA Nominations Are Here!". MTV Europe Music Awards. Archived from the original on October 6, 2017. Retrieved October 2, 2017.
  181. ^ "Camila Cabello, Ariana Grande, Post Malone Lead 2018 MTV EMA Nominees". Billboard. October 4, 2018. Archived from the original on October 4, 2018. Retrieved October 6, 2018.
  182. ^ Roth, Madeline (November 3, 2019). "2019 MTV EMA Winners: See The Full List". MTV News. Archived from the original on November 3, 2019. Retrieved November 4, 2019.
  183. ^ "Lady Gaga, BTS, Justin Bieber Lead 2020 MTV EMA Nominations". Variety. October 6, 2020. Archived from the original on October 6, 2020. Retrieved October 6, 2020.
  184. ^ Grein, Paul (October 20, 2021). "Justin Bieber Leads 2021 MTV EMA Nominations". Billboard. Archived from the original on October 20, 2021. Retrieved October 20, 2021.
  185. ^ "2022 MTV EMA Winners: See The Full List". MTV News. Archived from the original on November 13, 2022. Retrieved November 12, 2022.
  186. ^ "MTV Recognizes Artists with 2023 MTV EMA Awards". MTV Europe Music Awards. November 4, 2023. Archived from the original on November 5, 2023. Retrieved November 5, 2023.
  187. ^ "MTV Fandom Awards: The nominees (and hosts!) are..." Entertainment Weekly. Archived from the original on January 25, 2021. Retrieved November 2, 2020.
  188. ^ "Nickelodeon Unveils 2013 Kids' Choice Award Nominees". Foxtel. February 14, 2013. Archived from the original on March 3, 2013. Retrieved January 25, 2015.
  189. ^ "Vota para los KCA Mexico 2023". Kids' Choice Awards México 2023 - Artista Global Fav. Archived from the original on July 3, 2023. Retrieved July 3, 2023.
  190. ^ "2015 Nickelodeon Kids' Choice Awards". Nickelodeon. Archived from the original on March 27, 2013. Retrieved March 6, 2015.
  191. ^ "The Flaming Lips, Taylor Swift Lead O Music Awards Nominations". Grammy Award. June 1, 2012. Archived from the original on June 22, 2015. Retrieved June 22, 2015.
  192. ^ Hochman, David (April 27, 2014). "Radio Disney Music Awards 2014: Full List Of Winners". Forbes. Archived from the original on June 30, 2015. Retrieved June 22, 2015.
  193. ^ "Taylor Swift & Justin Bieber Lead Radio Disney Music Awards Nominations". Billboard. March 4, 2016. Archived from the original on March 6, 2016. Retrieved March 5, 2016.
  194. ^ Nordyke, Kimberly (August 10, 2014). "Teen Choice Awards: The Complete Winners List". The Hollywood Reporter. Archived from the original on October 12, 2014. Retrieved June 21, 2015.
  195. ^ Weatherby, Taylor (June 13, 2018). "Taylor Swift, Drake, Cardi B & More Among Teen Choice Awards 2018 Nominees: See the Full List". Billboard. Archived from the original on June 14, 2018. Retrieved June 13, 2018.
  196. ^ Moreau, Jordan (June 19, 2019). "'Avengers: Endgame,' 'Riverdale,' 'Aladdin' Top 2019 Teen Choice Award Nominations". Variety. Archived from the original on June 19, 2019. Retrieved July 13, 2019.
  197. ^ Grisafi, Patricia (June 6, 2023). "Matty Healy exposed the dark side of the Taylor Swift parasocial fantasy". MSNBC. Archived from the original on June 7, 2023. Retrieved June 7, 2023.
  198. ^ Rascoe, Ayesha (April 17, 2023). "Taylor Swift fans are upset over reports of her breakup. A psychologist explains why". NPR. Archived from the original on May 6, 2023. Retrieved June 7, 2023.
  199. ^ Carras, Christi (August 21, 2023). "Wedding Crashers (Taylor's Version): Swifties swarm Jack Antonoff and Margaret Qualley's nuptials". Los Angeles Times. Archived from the original on September 1, 2023. Retrieved September 1, 2023.
  200. ^ "Fans Think Taylor Swift's Outfit Is a Message as "Leave Her Alone" Trends on Twitter". Cosmopolitan. May 23, 2023. Archived from the original on November 14, 2023. Retrieved November 14, 2023.
  201. ^ Panella, Chris. "Taylor Swift fans sent me death threats, doxxed my family, and accused me of being a pedophile after I criticized her Eras Tour". Insider Inc. Archived from the original on October 18, 2023. Retrieved September 23, 2023.
  202. ^ a b Guy, Zoe (March 4, 2021). "Taylor Swift Fans are Attacking 'Ginny and Georgia' Star Antonia Gentry for the Show's Lame Joke". Marie Claire. Archived from the original on September 26, 2023. Retrieved September 23, 2023.
  203. ^ Schwedel, Heather (November 16, 2021). "A Comprehensive Explanation of Why Taylor Swift Fans Seem Ready to Commit Homicide on Jake Gyllenhaal". Slate. ISSN 1091-2339. Archived from the original on September 26, 2023. Retrieved September 23, 2023.
  204. ^ Fenwick, Julie (June 28, 2023). "Australia Has No Idea How to Handle the Cult of Taylor Swift". Vice. Archived from the original on December 15, 2023. Retrieved December 15, 2023.
  205. ^ Mahale, Jenna (December 1, 2021). "The unbearable whiteness of Taylor Swift's fandom". Mic. Archived from the original on September 19, 2024. Retrieved November 30, 2024.
  206. ^ Jennn, London (November 28, 2024). "Beyoncé's Beehive Swarms Racist Taylor Swift Fans Over Top Pop Nod". AllHipHop. Archived from the original on November 30, 2024. Retrieved November 29, 2024.
  207. ^ McDuffie, Candace (February 26, 2024). "Is This Black Lives Matter Leader Right About a 'Racist' Taylor Swift-Travis Kelce Obsession?". The Root. Archived from the original on March 14, 2024. Retrieved December 3, 2024.
  208. ^ Sources on Gaylor:
  209. ^ Lopez, Cristina; Chandra, Avneesh (April 12, 2023). "Now We Got Bad Blood". Graphika. Archived from the original on May 29, 2023. Retrieved May 29, 2023.
  210. ^ Sachdeva, Maanya (January 8, 2024). "Taylor Swift fans criticise New York Times over piece speculating about her sexuality". The Independent. Archived from the original on January 31, 2024. Retrieved February 4, 2024.
  211. ^ Echarri, Miquel (July 20, 2023). "Civil war between Taylor Swift fans: Gaylors vs Hetlors". El País. Archived from the original on January 6, 2024. Retrieved January 6, 2024.
  212. ^ Schillaci, Sophie (October 27, 2023). "Taylor Swift Addresses Bisexuality Rumors in '1989 (Taylor's Version)'". Entertainment Tonight. Archived from the original on November 2, 2023. Retrieved November 16, 2023.
  213. ^ Dailey, Hannah (October 27, 2023). "Taylor Swift Reflects on Rumors of Her Sexuality & Defends Her Squad in '1989 (Taylor's Version)' Prologue". Billboard. Archived from the original on October 28, 2023. Retrieved October 28, 2023.
  214. ^ Darcy, Oliver (January 6, 2024). "Taylor Swift's associates dismayed by New York Times piece speculating on her sexuality: 'Invasive, untrue and inappropriate'". CNN Business. Archived from the original on January 6, 2024. Retrieved January 6, 2024.
  215. ^ Jones, C. T. (October 27, 2023). "'Gaylors' Respond to '1989 (Taylor's Version)' Intro Line About 'Sexualizing' Friendships". Rolling Stone. Archived from the original on January 31, 2024. Retrieved January 31, 2024.
  216. ^ a b Guiterrez, Lisa (May 24, 2023). "Taylor Swift and her fans are such a phenomenon, this KU professor is studying them". The Kansas City Star. Archived from the original on June 1, 2023. Retrieved June 5, 2023.
  217. ^ Canavan, Brendan; McCamley, Claire (February 1, 2020). "The passing of the postmodern in pop? Epochal consumption and marketing from Madonna, through Gaga, to Taylor". Journal of Business Research. 107: 222–230. doi:10.1016/j.jbusres.2018.12.005. ISSN 0148-2963. S2CID 158595297.
  218. ^ a b Lopez, Cristina; Chandra, Avneesh (April 12, 2023). "Now We Got Bad Blood". Graphika. Archived from the original on May 29, 2023. Retrieved May 29, 2023.
  219. ^ Woehrle, Hannah (November 4, 2022). "MSU students form 'Taylor Swift Club,' bonding over shared love for her music". The State News. Archived from the original on October 13, 2023. Retrieved September 29, 2023.
  220. ^ "How one student's pandemic listening kickstarted a Taylor Swift fan club". The Peak. May 16, 2022. Archived from the original on October 13, 2023. Retrieved September 29, 2023.
  221. ^ Marshall, Cooper (October 20, 2022). "OU Taylor Swift Fan Club hosts trivia, song discussions, watch, listening parties, helps 'Swifties' build connections". OU Daily. Archived from the original on October 13, 2023. Retrieved September 29, 2023.
Quelle: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Taylor_Swift_fans