Google offers a variety of services and tools besides its basic web search. This is a list of Google's services and tools.

Google Alerts is a service offered by search engine company Google which notifies you (by email) about the latest web and news pages of your choice.

Google currently offers three types of alerts: "News", "Web", and "News & Web". A News alert is an email that lets you know if new articles make it into the top ten results of your Google News search. A Web alert is an email that lets you know if new web pages appear in the top twenty results for your Google Web search. A News & Web alert is an email that lets you know when new articles related to your search term make it into the top ten results for a Google News search or the top twenty results for a Google Web search.

The service can help track new pages for any topic (such as celebrities, computers, animals). Google Alerts are available in plain text as well as HTML.

• Google Alerts website

In April 2002, Google launched a new service called Google Answers. It is an extension to the conventional search — rather than doing the search themselves, users pay someone else to do the search. Customers ask questions, offer a price for an answer, and researchers answer them. Researchers are screened through an application process that tests their research and communications abilities. Prices for questions range from $2 to $200; Google keeps 25% of the payment, sends the rest to the researchers, and charges an additional $0.50 listing fee. Once a question is answered, it remains available for anyone to browse for free. This service came out of beta in May 2003 and presently receives more than one hundred question postings per day. Google states that asking questions about google is not allowed on Google Answers.

• Google Answers website

As of late August 2004, Google Catalogs is in the beta stage. Numerous (over 6,600 at the time of this writing) print catalogs are archived on Google as scanned image files. Through the use of character recognition, users can search for a text string in these catalogs in a fashion similar to how they would for materials on the general web. Matching results are displayed through thumbnails of the pages on which the text was found, with the specific area of the page where the search result is found shaded in a yellow box. Another image file next to the thumbnail, a shrunk version of the highlighted area on the thumbnail, highlights the exact location of the search result. Users can then access the page of the catalog (as a larger graphic file) and change pages by using a navigation bar positioned above the page image. It might be worth noting that one can access the catalogs without a search as well.

• Google Catalogs website

The directory is a subset of the links in Google's database arranged into hierarchical subcategories, like an advanced Yellow Pages of the web. The original source of the directory, and the categorization is the Open Directory Project (ODP), which publishes an easily parsed version of its database in Resource Description Framework format for other sites, like Google, to use for derivative directories.

• Google Directory website

Main article: Froogle

Froogle is a price engine that searches online stores for particular products. It is also offered in Wireless Markup Language (WML) form and can be accessed from cellphones or other wireless devices that have support for WML.

Google maintains a Usenet archive, called Google Groups (formerly an independent site known as Deja News). Google is currently testing a new version of its Groups service, which archives mailing lists hosted by Google in addition to Usenet posts, using the same interface as Gmail (see below). Formally known as "Google Groups Beta," the new version of Google Groups is much more advanced than the last, letting you more easily join a group, make a group, and track your favorite topics.

The original Google Groups interface, which was preferred by a great number of regular Usenet posters to the current Beta version, due to its closer adherence to established Usenet Netiquette (and note that where the previous paragraph says "advanced," many Web users would read "cluttered"), was available until May 4, 2005, on the overseas domains http://www.google.ca and http://www.google.co.uk. As of May 4, 2005, the so-called "Google Groups Classic" was taken offline and is only available on foreign-language overseas mirrors such as http://www.google.es and http://www.google.fr. Even that minor functionality is expected to be removed in the near future.

See also: X-No-Archive

• Google Groups Beta website
• List of unfixed bugs in Google Groups Beta

In 2003, Google announced Google Images, which allows users to search the web for image content. The keywords for the image search are based on the filename of the image, the link text pointing to the image, and text adjacent to the image. When searching for an image, a thumbnail of each matching image is displayed. Then when clicking on a thumbnail, the image is displayed in a frame at the top of the page and the website on which that image was found is displayed in a frame below it, making it easier to see from where the image is coming.

• Google Images website

Main article: Google Labs

Google Labs consists of all of Google's experimental technologies. Google Labs is akin to a directory page that links to all Google technologies under development or in beta that have not yet been made widely available. From the Google Labs home page, a user can access Google Suggest, Google Desktop Search, and other web technologies.

Google Local helps you focus your search on a specific geographic location. Sometimes you want to search the whole worldwide web, and sometimes you just want to find an auto parts store within walking distance. The service lets you search for a "What" such as pizza and a "Where" such as Poughkeepsie, New York. The purpose of Google Local is to help people find local businesses. Not only does Google Local display the website of the businesses, but often times it will also display the phone number and address. Google Local was introduced to the Google home page a few weeks ago and is now the basis of Google Maps.

• Google Local website

Main article: Google Maps

On February 8, 2005, Google introduced a beta release of an online map service called Google Maps, which currently only covers the USA, Canada, the UK and Ireland. It can interact with Google Local to restrict results to a certain areas. The service features draggable maps, a location search, and turn-by-turn directions. It has received early praise for the speed of its operation, produced by the pre-rendering of the maps it uses. [1] It currently only works with Internet Explorer and Mozilla-based browsers such as Mozilla Firefox. Google also recently added support for Opera and Safari web browser. On April 4, 2005, Google added satellite imagery to Google Maps. Originally limited to North America and the United Kingdom, the satellite imagery was extended to whole world in June 2005.

Allows users to search using Google from wireless devices such as mobile phone and PDAs.

• Google Mobile website

Main article: Google News

Google introduced a beta release of an automated news compilation service, Google News, in April 2002. There are different versions of the aggregator for more than 20 languages, with more added all the time. While the selection of news stories is fully automated, the sites included and the algorithms that choose the news articles to be displayed are selected by human editors, and the choices have occasionally led to some controversy.

This service allows users to create a profile based on their interests. Future search results are prioritized based on this information.

• Google Personalized website

In May 2005, Google introduced the ability to customize the regular default Google home page. In order to use the Google portal beta service, the user must first have a Google account. With a valid account, the user can select certain items to appear on their portal.

• Google Portal website

In August 2004, Google announced its new Google Print service. This tool searches the contents of books submitted by publishers and displays matches above web matches on the search result page. It offers links to purchase the book, as well as content-related advertisements. Google will limit the number of viewable pages from any book through user-tracking. [2] As of early January 2005, this service remains in the beta stage. This feature is similar to a service offered by A9.com.

In December 2004, Google announced an extension to its Google Print program. [3] It is a non-exclusive deal with several high-profile university and public libraries, including the University of Michigan, Harvard (Widener Library), Stanford (Green Library), Oxford (Bodleian Library), and the New York Public Library. According to press releases and university librarians, Google plans to have approximately 15 million public domain volumes online within a decade. [4] [5] [6] [7]

See also: List of digital library projects

• Google Print website

In November 2004, Google released Google Scholar, which indexes and searches academic literature across an array of sources and disciplines. Results are ranked by "relevance", which is based largely on the number of citations and in this sense is similar to PageRank.

• Google Scholar website

Formally My Search History

Keeps a record of all searches and clicked results while a user is logged into a Google Account and allows this to be accessed and searched. This also tracks images viewed from Google Images.

• Search History website

Allows users to perform special searches such as U.S. Government Search, Linux Search, BSD Search, Apple Macintosh Search, and a Microsoft Windows Search.

• Google Special website

A new feature called Google Suggest Beta was introduced [8] on December 10, 2004. It provides an autocomplete functionality that gives the user suggestions as they type. JavaScript is used to rapidly query the server and update the page for each keystroke that the user types. The feature quickly drew widespread praise as an impressive innovation, and so far competitors have not offered anything similarly real-time.

It was also quickly noticed that Google attempts to avoid suggesting potentially offensive searches. For instance, there are no suggestions for searches containing the word porn, but there are many for pr0n and other variations that aren't on the blacklist. Although pr0n (with a zero) is allowed, pron is on the blacklist, which has the side-effect of not suggesting searches containing any words that include pron such as apron, mispronunciation, pronunciation or prone. Unlike pron and sex, the word ass is only blacklisted when it appears with a space after it, so words containing ass such as associated are suggested. The blacklist also includes the word lesbian, but not faggot, nigger, shit, or several other words that are often included on profanity blacklists.

• Google Suggest website

Allows users to search within a large number of educational institution domains.

• Google University website

Main article: Google Video

On January 25, 2005, Google introduced a beta of Google Video, allowing users to search through television content based on title, network or a closed caption transcript.

• Google Video website

Main article: Google

Google's most famous creation is the Google search engine. Google.com has indexed over 8 billion Web sites, has 200 million requests a day and is the largest search engine on the Internet. The search engine allows you to search through images, products (Froogle), news, and the usenet archive. It uses a proprietary system (including PageRank) to return the search results. A culture has grown around the very popular search engine, and to google has come to mean, "to search for something on Google."

Main article: Google X

Google X was a project released by Google Labs on March 15 2005 and rescinded a day later. It consisted of the traditional Google search bar, but it was made to look like the Dock user interface feature of Apple's Mac OS X operating system. The project was discontinued because Google feared legal retribution from the notoriously litigious Apple.

• Google X Mirror

• Explanation

Examples (the link texts are what is entered as if it were a search string):

• 12*13
• 0x23 in decimal (or shorter: 0+0x23)
• 40 in hexadecimal
• (1+i)*(2+i)
• the speed of light in miles / s
• days in a year
• Astronomical Unit / the speed of light

Allows users to search for info about movies using the main Google search interface. You can search in various ways:

• Entering "movie: 10001" in the Google "search text" entry field will search for all movies being shown in and around zipcode 10001- sorted by movie theater. Within the listing you can see showtimes, the average rating for each movie, as well as links to all reviews, and a link to the IMDB page for that movie.

• Entering "movie: movies 10001" provides a listing sorted by movie, showing all locations and showtimes where each movie is shown in the area.

• Entering "movie: Julia Roberts" provides a listing sorted by movie, of many of the movies starring this actor/actress. It is unclear what rules/algorithm is used for including/excluding certain movies.

This search feature is built into Google's standard search bar; if the search terms match certain criteria, an option to view search results of Google's telephone directory archive is provided. One can search both residential and business listings. There is also an option available to remove one's phone book entry from Google.

• Google PhoneBook results for Google, Inc.

Main article: Blogger

In 2003, Google acquired the Pyra Labs and Blogger services. Formerly premium features that needed to be paid for were made available for free by Google. The tool, Blogger, is a service to make weblog publishing easier. The user does not have to write any code or worry about installing server software or scripts. Nevertheless, the user can influence the design of his blog freely.

Google Code is Google's site for developers interested in Google-related development. The site contains Open Source code and lists of their API services.

• Google Code website

Main article: Gmail

On April 1, 2004, Google announced its own free webmail service, Gmail, which would provide users with 1000 MB (actually 1 GB, or 1024 MB) of storage for their mailboxes and would generate revenue by displaying advertisements from the AdWords service based on words in users email messages. Owing to April Fool's Day, however, the company's press release was greeted with much skepticism in the technology world. Jonathan Rosenberg, Google's vice-president of products, re-assured BBC News by saying "We are very serious about Gmail."

When Gmail was announced, the storage space available was vastly more than that of most other free webmail providers—for example, Microsoft's Hotmail only offered 2 MB, and Yahoo!'s Mail service offered 4 MB. (In response to Gmail, Yahoo's limits have been upgraded to 250 MB and then again, to 1 GB for their free accounts, and 2 GB for their premium account; Hotmail's limits have also been upgraded to 250MB.) There has been a great deal of criticism regarding Gmail's privacy policy. Most of the criticism was over Google's plans to add context-sensitive advertisements to emails by automatically scanning them.

On April 1, 2005 Google announced that they would begin constantly increasing mailbox size by approximately 1 MB every 75 seconds, with no plan to stop. This actually was an April Fool's joke, but the company did simultaneously announce that it was increasing mailbox size to 2 GB, with a promise to add more space in the future. They are continuously adding more space, much slower than during April 1. On their webpage, they show how much space they are currently providing. By April 11, Google was adding storage at approximately 3.5 MB each day.

This tool allows users to use Google in many different languages.

• Google Language Tools website

Google acquired Urchin on May 3, 2005. Urchin is a San Diego based web statistics company.

The Google Web API (or Google Web Services) is Google's public interface for registered developers. Using Simple Object Access Protocol (SOAP), a programmer can write services for search and data mining that rely on Google's results. Also, websurfers can view cached pages and make suggestions for better spelling.

By default a developer has a limit of 1,000 requests per day. This program is still in a beta phase. Google is one of the few search engines to make its results available via a public API; Technorati is another good example. Some popular implementations of the Google Web API include the alerting service Google Alerts, or FindForward, as well as the Google Dance Tool, which monitors when Google is spidering the Internet.

• Google Web API website

In December 2003, Google launched the beta version of the Google Deskbar, a search tool which runs from the Microsoft Windows taskbar, without a browser having to be open. It can return film reviews, stock quotes, dictionary and thesaurus definitions, plus any pre-configured search of a third-party site (e.g. eBay or Amazon). In November 2004, Google launched an API for Google Deskbar.

• Google Deskbar website

Known internally under the codename Puffin, Google Desktop Search enables desktop search. It runs locally on a PC and will index all Microsoft Outlook, Outlook Express, Netscape Mail, and Thunderbird emails, text documents, Microsoft Office documents, AOL Instant Messenger conversations, Internet Explorer, Mozilla, Mozilla Firefox,and Netscape history on that PC, PDF, music, images, video, and allow the user to search them from a browser. A plug-in feature has been released which allows developers to code their own applications into the catalog. Google Desktop Search is an extension of Google Search. After indexing a user's files, his or her local results will turn up on normal Google search on his or her local computer.

Google Desktop Search does not store users files on the web and users personal information is not sent to Google.

Google Desktop Search was likely developed in response to file and Web search capabilities that will be offered in the next major release of Microsoft Windows, codenamed Longhorn (slated for release in 2006) — features that directly compete with Google's core Internet search business. However, some claim that Google Desktop Search, as well as Longhorn's Desktop Search, was inspired by Spotlight, a competing technology that is currently being shipped with Mac OS X v10.4.

Currently, Google Desktop Search does not support Google's "Did You Mean" spelling-suggestion feature. For example, if a user lets it look up his or her computers for "chicke", it will not ask whether he or she meant "chicken".

Desktop Search received much attention because it may allow reverse engineering of Google's proprietary search algorithm.

• Google Desktop Search website

On the 28 June 2005, Google made available, for free, Google Earth as a downloadable program. It uses Keyhole technology to allow customized use of Google Maps, with e.g. map images with town and street names overlaying satellite images. For some areas these overlays are available even though Google Maps by itself does not provide these.

Optionally the images, which have been photographed almost vertically, can be viewed as if looking at a selectable tilt angle: with "far away" at a smaller scale than "nearby", and with smaller scale in forward/backward direction than in left-right direction. Terrain elevation data are also processed. An option of showing city maps with 3D buildings is available for a few selected US cities.

It also incorporates Google Local and directions. See also KML.

• Google Earth website

Main article: orkut

Though not mentioned on the Google homepage, orkut is a service hosted, created and maintained by Google engineers. Orkut is a social networking service, where users can list their personal and professional information, create relationships amongst friends and join communities of mutual interest. Affinity engines, a company based in Palo Alto, has filed a lawsuit accusing that Orkut Büyükkökten, a co-founder of the company, illegally took the code, which he wrote for the company, for use in Google. [9]

There is some speculation saying that orkut and Gmail are part of a Google effort to gather information about their users, with the intention of offering a better personalized search service in future. Google already has a personalized search in Google Labs.

Main article: Picasa

On July 13, 2004 Google acquired Picasa, software for management and sharing of digital photographs. Since then, Google has released the latest edition of the software with Picasa2. The aim of the software was to make photo editing simple and easy to use. Picasa has also been integrated with Google's Blogger and Gmail services. It is free to download.

This add-on to Google's software Picasa gives the user the ability to instant message pictures it gives the user the ability to surf the web in a shared form. For example two users instant messaging can surf the web together. It also allows a user to directly add pictures from Picasa to his/her blog on blogger. This is the first instant messaging download offered by Google.

This addition to Microsoft Internet Explorer 5 or later adds Google's searching capabilities in a toolbar in the web browser. The latest version includes pop-up ads blocking, automatic filling of forms, the ability to show the Google PageRank value for the current page being viewed, and SpellCheck, AutoLink and the WordTranslator. It has been criticized for being a security risk because it updates itself without user intervention.

A separately downloadable add-on for the toolbar allows participation in Google Compute, a distributed computing project to help scientific research.

Other browsers, such as Mozilla, Mozilla Firefox, Opera, and Safari, have built-in search tools that offer the same functionality. Recently, Google also launched a new beta version of the toolbar, "Google Toolbar BETA for Firefox", which functions almost identically to it's Internet Explorer counterpart. There is also the well established Googlebar project, which although unofficial and not developed by Google directly offers very similar functionality to the official Beta (and was offered long before Google put together the official Firefox version) apart from Pagerank. There are however, tools that bring the PageRank functionality to Mozilla and Firefox, including a modification of Googlebar. Googlebar has also been built into Safari for Apple Computer's Mac OS X operating system.

• Google Toolbar website

Main article: Google Web Accelerator

On May 3,2005, Google launched a downloadable web accelerator known as Google Web Accelerator. It can be integrated into Mozilla Firefox (taking the form of two new toolbar items) and Microsoft Internet Explorer (taking the form of a new toolbar), but it is also usable in a limited capacity with any web browser simply by setting the browser's proxy server to localhost:9100. It speeds up web browsing through the use of this local proxy server, which sends requests to Google's Web Accelerator servers to help get a faster response. The data between the local proxy and the accelerator servers is compressed to decrease transfer time. The Google Web Accelerator also uses caching and prefetching. Prefetching can be disabled.

However, there was recent controversy over the Accelerator as some users found that their personal website cookies were being shared to other users. This meant that some users found pages such as forum control panels of other users containing personal information appearing and that is was possible to spoof post as those other users. Secure websites were unaffected as the Accelerator did not scan sites protected by https.

It is thought this was the reason that downloads of the Google Accelerator software were disabled, however there were also technical issues with it following links that could cancel or delete website data. The prefetching option would potentially prefetch links such as "delete" or "log out", causing data loss and access problems. Google's servers also quickly reached their maximum capacity due to the widespread use of Accelerator: this is the reason Google officially cited on the Accelerator website.

• Google Web Accelerator website
• The Register article on the Suspension of Google Accelerator
• GamesAreFun.com News - ALERT: Do NOT Use Google Web Accelerator!
• Google Web Accelerator: Hey, not so fast - an alert for web app designers - 37signals article on how to prevent precaching accelerators like Google's causing damage to administrative websites

Main article: AdSense

AdSense enables text or image advertisements to be displayed on Web sites that want ads to help raise money. The ads are administered by Google and generate revenue on a per-click basis. Google utilizes its search technology to serve ads based on Web site content, the user's geographical location, and other factors. Those wanting to advertise with Google's targeted ad system may sign up through AdWords.

Main article: AdWords

AdWords is a service that allows advertisers ads appear on any Google search page, Gmail email or AdSense page if certain keywords are displayed using a self-service system. The AdWords service is Google's largest source of income. The advertiser pays Google per click and there is a bidding system to determine ad ordering.

This is a hardware/software box that hooks into a corporate intranet. It may periodically crawl and index the intranet so as to allow employees to search up to 500,000 documents from the company's internal web pages and web-accessible documents using Google's familiar web search features. It can also be used to index corporate web sites.

• Search Appliance Website

Google also sells a smaller version of the search appliance called Google Mini, targeted towards small and medium companies. This works in a similar way, but can only search up to 100,000 documents.

• Google Mini Website

• Google
• List of search engines

• Gmail Drive