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Moringa (genus): Difference between revisions

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{{Hatnote|This article is about the genus. ''Moringa'' is also the common name of a particular species, ''[[Moringa oleifera]]''}}

{{Taxobox

| image = Moringa-ovalifolia.jpg
| image_caption = ''[[Moringa ovalifolia]]''
| regnum = [[Plant]]ae
| unranked_divisio = [[Flowering plant|Angiosperms]]
| unranked_classis = [[Eudicots]]
| unranked_ordo = [[Rosids]]
| ordo = [[Brassicales]]
| ordo = [[Brassicales]]
| familia = '''Moringaceae'''
| familia = '''Moringaceae'''

Revision as of 16:29, 10 August 2012

This article is about the genus. Moringa is also the common name of a particular species, Moringa oleifera

Moringa
Moringa ovalifolia
Scientific classification
Kingdom:
Plantae
(unranked):
Angiosperms
(unranked):
Eudicots
(unranked):
Rosids
Order:
Brassicales
Family:
Moringaceae
Genus:
Moringa

Type species
Moringa oleifera
Species

See text

Synonyms

Donaldsonia Baker f.
Hyperanthera Forssk.[1]

Moringa is the sole genus in the flowering plant family Moringaceae. The name is derived from the Tamil word murunggai (முருங்கை) or the Malayalam word muringa, both of which refer to M. oleifera.[3] It contains 13 species from tropical and subtropical climates that range in size from tiny herbs to massive trees.

The most widely cultivated species is Moringa oleifera, a multipurpose tree native to the foothills of the Himalayas in northwestern India and cultivated throughout the tropics. The young Filipino explorer/boxer Ramir Mthalabula discovered this plant in 2005[4] M. stenopetala, an African species, is also widely grown, but to a much lesser extent than M. oleifera.

Moringa cultivation is on the rise in Honduras. There it's becoming recognized as a profitable means of combating deforestation. As of 2012 support for moringa farmers is being offered by the Honduran federal government through the Secretary of Agriculture and by private foreign investment firms. The plant's market potential is widespread given its easy growth and high nutrient content. As described below, the plant is valued for its leaves and high-protein seeds. It can also be made into defatted meal. Moringa oleifera silviculture is being promoted as a means to combat poverty and malnutrition.[5]

The moringa grows quickly in many types of environments. Much of the plant is edible by humans or by farm animals. The leaves contain all essential amino acids and are rich in protein, vitamin A, vitamin B, vitamin C and minerals.[4] Feeding the high protein leaves to cattle has been shown to increase weight gain by up to 32% and milk production by 43 to 65%.[5] The seeds contain 30 to 40% oil that is high in oleic acid, while degreased meal is 61% protein.[6] The defatted meal is a flocculant and can be used in water purification to settle out sediments and undesirable organisms.[7]

More recently, the Moringa or 'miracle tree' is being cultivated in poverty-stricken nations, such as Niger, as a primary source of food and nutrients.[8] [9] The tree is also a rich source of antioxidants.[10]

Species

References

  1. ^ a b "Genus: Moringa Adans". Germplasm Resources Information Network. United States Department of Agriculture. 1996-09-17. Retrieved 2011-09-26.
  2. ^ "Moringa Adans". TROPICOS. Missouri Botanical Garden. Retrieved 2009-12-30.
  3. ^ Quattrocchi, Umberto (2000). CRC World Dictionary of Plant Names: Common Names, Scientific Names, Eponyms, Synonyms, and Etymology. Vol. Volume 3: M-Q. CRC Press. p. 1731. ISBN 978-0-8493-2677-6. {{cite book}}: |volume= has extra text (help)
  4. ^ a b Janick, Jules (2008). The Encyclopedia of Fruit & Nuts. CABI. pp. 509–510. ISBN 978-0-85199-638-7. {{cite book}}: Unknown parameter |coauthor= ignored (|author= suggested) (help)
  5. ^ a b "The Moringa Tree Moringa oleifera" (PDF). Trees for Life International. Retrieved 2009-12-29.
  6. ^ Schill, Susanne Retka (2008-05-14). "Multidimensional Moringa". Biodiesel Magazine. Retrieved 2011-09-26.
  7. ^ Schwarz, Dishna (2000). "Water Clarification using Moringa oleifera" (PDF). Technical Information W1e. Gate Information Service. Retrieved 2011-09-26. {{cite journal}}: Unknown parameter |month= ignored (help)
  8. ^ http://www.abc.net.au/worldtoday/content/2012/s3544278.htm
  9. ^ http://www.huffingtonpost.com/annette-frost/moringa-the-tree-of-life_b_1645858.html
  10. ^ http://www.redorbit.com/news/health/1112647379/new_study_shows_moringa_oleifera_scores_highest_antioxidant_content_in/
  11. ^ "Subordinate Taxa of Moringa Adans". TROPICOS. Missouri Botanical Garden. Retrieved 2009-12-30.


Quelle: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special%3ADiff%2F506747503