Badi' al-Din
Badi' al-Din | |
|---|---|
 Main gate of the shrine of Badi' al-Din | |
| Personal life | |
| Born | Badi' al-Din 1315 CE[1] |
| Died | 1434 CE[1] |
| Flourished | Islamic golden age |
| Religious life | |
| Religion | Islam |
| Denomination | Sunni |
| Order | Madariyya |
| School | Hanafi |
| Creed | Maturidi |
| Muslim leader | |
| Teacher | Muhammad Tayfur Shami |
Badīʿ al-Dīn,[1][2] known as Shāh Madār,[1] and by the title Qutb-ul-Madar 1315–1434),[1][3] was a Syrian[1] Sufi who migrated to India where he founded the Madariyya Sufi brotherhood.[1][4] He is held in high esteem as a patron saint.[1]
Biography
Badi' al-Din hailed originally from Syria, and was born in Aleppo in 1315 CE.[1][5] In later centuries, a growing number of legends arose about Badi' al-Din, which resulted in sources continuously backdating his year of birth.[1] These same sources also disagree about Badi' al-Din's descent.[1] Some state that he was a sayyid, that is, a descendant of the Islamic prophet Muhammad, and trace his descent back to Imam Ja'far al-Sadiq (died 765 CE).[1] Others mention descent from Muhammad's companion (sahabi) Abu Hurayra, who died c. 678 CE.[1] The assertion that Badi' al-Din was a Jew who had converted to Islam is not corroborated by other sources.[1]
His teacher was Muḥammad Ṭayfūr Shāmī.[6] After making a pilgrimage to Medina, he journeyed to India to spread Islam. He converted many Hindus to Islam in India,[2] where he founded the Madariyya order.[3] His tomb, built by order of Sultan Ibrahim Sharqi (r. 1402–40),[1] is at Makanpur.[7]
References
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o Falasch, Ute (2009). "Badīʿ al- Dīn". In Fleet, Kate; Krämer, Gudrun; Matringe, Denis; Nawas, John; Rowson, Everett (eds.). Encyclopaedia of Islam (3rd ed.). Brill Online. ISSN 1873-9830.
- ^ a b James Wise (10 November 2016). Notes on the Races, Castes and Trades of Eastern Bengal. Taylor & Francis. p. 78. ISBN 978-1-351-99740-9.
- ^ a b Bhattacharya, Ananda (2008). "Madariya Sufi Silsila Their Distinctive Characteristics and Relations with the Indian Powers". Proceedings of the Indian History Congress. 69: 384–402. JSTOR 44147203.
- ^ Annals of the Bhandarkar Oriental Research Institute. The Institute. 2006. p. 241.
- ^ Suvorova, A. A. (2004). Muslim saints of South Asia: the eleventh to fifteenth centuries. London: RoutledgeCurzon. p. 171. ISBN 0-203-59271-9. OCLC 57176198.
- ^ Murray Thurston Titus (1930). Indian Islam: a religious history of Islam in India. H. Milford, Oxford university press. p. 128.
- ^ Bhanwarlal Nathuram Luniya (1955). Evolution of Indian culture (From the earliest times to the present day). L.N. Agarwal. p. 439.