Salerno is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

• Adriana Salerno (born 1979), Venezuelan-American mathematician
• Anthony Salerno (1911–1992), Italian-American mobster
• Enrico Maria Salerno (1926–1994), Italian actor
• Fabio Salerno (born 1979), Italian Catholic priest and second secretary to the Pope
• Francesco Carmelo Salerno (1925–1998), Member of the Italian parliament and Football Club Manager
• Joe Salerno (born 1981), American basketball coach
• Joseph P. Salerno (1914–1981), American architect
• Joseph T. Salerno (born 1950), Austrian School economist
• Nicola Salerno (1910–1969), Italian lyricist
• Randy Salerno (1963–2008), American news anchor
• Sabrina Salerno (born 1968), Italian singer, showgirl, model, actress and record producer
• Shane Salerno (born 1972), American screenwriter and producer