Vahdat Hall / Roudaki Hall
تالار رودکی / تالار وحدت Tālār-e Vahdat / Tālār e Rudaki
General information
Type	Opera House
Location	Shahriyar Street, Hafez street corner, Tehran, Iran
Construction started	1957
Completed	1967
Inaugurated	October 26, 1967
Technical details
Floor area	92,000 m2 (990,280 sq ft)[1]
Design and construction
Architect(s)	Eugene Aftandilian

The Vahdat Hall (Persian: تالار وحدت – Tālār e Vahdat means "Unity Hall"), formerly the Roudaki Hall (Persian: تالار رودکی – Tālār-e Rudaki),^[2] is a performing arts complex in Tehran, Iran.

Around the 1950s and 1970s, the Iranian national stage had become the most famous performing scene for known international artists and troupes in West Asia,^[3] with the Vahdat Hall constructed in the capital of the country to function as the national stage for opera and ballet performances.

The complex was designed by architect Eugene Aftandilian, influenced by the Vienna State Opera, and was constructed during a period of ten years starting in 1957.^[1] It was equipped with the latest lighting and sound system technologies of the time, with revolving and moving stages. The main stage consists of three different levels (podiums). The auditorium seats 1200 and has two tiers of boxes and balconies. The venue was fully supplied by Siemens Electrics. The main curtain in proscenium has a motif of a phoenix rising from the ashes, with the style of Persian miniature.

Just before the completion of Tehran's new opera house, Nejad Ahmadzadeh, artistic director of the Iranian National Ballet Company, was sent by the Ministry of Culture and Arts to the United States to visit their opera houses and study administrative, organizational, and technical constructions of American opera establishments that were deemed to be the most modern in the West. At his return, he was appointed as manager of the upcoming opera house, and established the technical, administrative, and artistic sections of the Vahdat Hall. The constructions of the hall were eventually completed in 1967.

As part of the Shah's White Revolution, the Vahdat Hall of Tehran was constructed to function as the national stage for music, opera, and ballet, and was inaugurated by former king Mohammad Reza Pahlavi on October 26, 1967, with the performance of The Rustic Festival, the first Persian opera, composed by Ahmad Pejman. Two weeks of full house performances by international ensembles marked the coronation festivities. Numerous orchestras, opera singers, and dance companies were invited to perform for the occasion.

The hall is home to the Tehran Symphony Orchestra, Tehran Opera Orchestra, and the Iranian National Ballet Company. Other troupes, ensembles, and artists, such as the Iranian folk dancers, also used the stage of the Vahdat Hall for their presentations.

Various national and international festivals were organized at the Roudaki Hall, including:

• International Film Festival
• Ballet and Dance Festival
• Folk Dance Festival
• Annual Festival of Culture and Arts

Since the inauguration of the Roudaki Hall in 1967 until the last stagings in the fall season of 1978, world famous music, opera, and dance artists visited Iran to stage their works. Presentations of the guest artists and ensembles included:

• Kirov Ballet (Mariinsky Ballet)
• The Igor Moiseyev Ballet
• Le Grand Ballet Classique de France
• Antonio Gades Flamenco Ensemble
• Stuttgart Ballet
• Berliner Ballett
• Le Ballet de XXe Siécle (Ballet of the 20th Century)
• Nederlands Dans Theater (1977)

• Elisabeth Schwarzkopf
• Giuseppe Taddei
• Cesare Siepi
• Leo Goeke
• Delme Bryn-Jones

Ingrid Rezai Anayatolla Rezai Monier Vaquilli

• Moscow Symphony Orchestra
• Los Angeles Philharmonic Orchestra
• Berliner Philharmoniker
• Stuttgarter Kammerorchester

• Marcel Marceau, the pantomime artist (1978)

Roudaki Hall has remained the most important venue of Tehran. Concerts of traditional Iranian music, pop, and classical symphonic and orchestral music are staged regularly. After 1979 Revolution, Poetry Council at Office of Poetry and Music of  Ministry of culture was formed in Rudaki Hall to preserve music in Iran. Some famous poets worked there, like: Mehrdad Avesta, Ahmad NikTalab (after him, Babak Niktalab), Mohammad Ali Bahmani,^[4] Moshfegh Kashani.^[5]

Among the presentations after the 1979 Revolution are:

• Tehran Symphony Orchestra
• Nour Ensemble
• Bob Belden's ANIMATION

• Tehran Art Expo.^[6]

• Dundee Repertory Theater

Total capacity of the hall is about 750 seats; with 500 seats in the main hall, and 250 seats in the balconies.

• Hamed Rowhani (1967–?)
• Sadi Hassani (in between the other two)
• Abedin Zanganeh (?–1979)
• ? (1979–?) (after the 1979 Revolution and before the re-organization of the hall in 2003)

Following a legislation from the Parliament of Iran in 2003, the operation management of the hall was reorganized. A new non-governmental public foundation was established in order to be in charge of the Roudaki Hall. The CEOs of Roudaki Foundation, responsible for the operation of Roudaki Hall have been:

• Mehdi Massoudshahi (2003–2008)
• Ali Asghar Amirnia (2008–2010)
• Hossein Parsaee (2010–2011)
• Alireza Hosseini (2011–2013)
• Hossein Seyfi (2013–2014)
• Bahram Jamali (2014–2016)
• Ali Akbar Safipour (2016–2019)
• Mehdi Afzali (2019–2022)
• Majid Zeinolabedin (2022–2023)
• Mehdi Salem (2023)
• Mohammad Allahyari Foumani (2023–present)

• Nejad Ahmadzadeh (1967–1976)

The Iranian National Ballet Company was founded in 1958 and moved to the Roudaki Hall in 1967.

• Ali Pourfarrokh (1976–1979) held the position until disbanding of the Iranian National Ballet.

• Enayat Rezai (1967–1979)^[7]

Naamloos document

• Farhad Meshkat
• Alexander Rahbari^[8] (2015–2016)
• Shahrdad Rouhani^[9] (2016–2020)
• Nassir Heidarian-Rasty^[10] (2022–2023)
• Manouchehr Sahbai^[11] (2023–present)

• 
  Auditorium of the Hall.
• 
  The ceiling of the Hall.
• 
  Eastern balconies and the special position.
• 
  Second floor of the complex.
• 
  Outside view of the complex.

Citations

Bibliography

• Fajr Theater Festival
• Kiann, Nima. (2000). Persian Dance and Its Forgotten History
• Kiann, Nima (2015). The History of Ballet in Iran. Wiesbaden: Reichert Publishing

• post about Enayat Rezai in operanostalgia (1967-1979)

• Official Website of Roudaki Foundation
• Les Ballets Persans, the recreation of the Iranian National Ballet Company
• The chronology of the Iranian National Ballet Company and Les Ballets Persans

35°41′59.12″N 51°24′40″E / 35.6997556°N 51.41111°E / 35.6997556; 51.41111

Operanostalgia Enayat Rezai