Romanes is a surname. Notable people with this surname include:

• Ethel Romanes (1856–1927), British writer and religious activist
• George Romanes (1848–1894), Canadian-Scots biologist and physiologist
• George John Romanes (anatomist) (1916–2014), Scottish anatomist and professor of anatomy
• Kenneth Romanes (1866–1951), English translator, writer, and activist
• Glenyys Romanes (born 1945), Australian politician
• Muriel Romanes (born 1946), British TV actress and stage director

• Romanes & Paterson, a shop in Edinburgh, Scotland
• Romanes Lecture, an annual lecture in Oxford, England
• Los Romanes, a hamlet in Andalusia, Spain
• Roman (surname), includes the Romans surname
• Romani language, also known as Romanes