Rakovsky is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

• Christian Rakovsky (1873–1941), Bulgarian and Soviet socialist revolutionary
• Igor Rakovsky (born 1975), Russian footballer
• Martin Rakovský (c. 1535–1579), Renaissance-era Hungarian poet and humanist scholar
• Patrick Rakovsky (born 1993), German football player
• Puah Rakovsky (1865–1955), professional educator, Zionist activist and feminist leader
• Vasily Rakovsky (1898–1978), Soviet general
• Zsuzsa Rakovsky (born 1950), Hungarian translator and writer

• Rakovski (disambiguation)
• Rakowski