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RAF Kirkbride

RAF Kirkbride
Kirkbride, Cumbria in England
A hangar which is in use, but looks semi-derelict
Hangar RAF Kirkbride
RAF Kirkbride is located in Cumbria
RAF Kirkbride
RAF Kirkbride
Location within cumbria
Coordinates54°52′55″N 3°12′14″W / 54.882°N 3.204°W / 54.882; -3.204
Grid referenceNY228548
TypeAirfield
Site information
OwnerAir Ministry
OperatorRAF
Controlled byRAF Maintenance Command
Open to
the public		Yes
Site history
Built1938–1939
In use1939–1960
FateDisposed of; private ownership
Airfield information
IdentifiersICAO: EGZF
Runways
Direction Length and surface
1,400 yards (1,280 m)[note 1] 
10/28 1,250 yards (1,143 m) 
1,000 yards (914 m) 

RAF Kirkbride, was a Second World War era airfield in the village of Kirkbride, Cumbria, England. Opened in June 1939, the base was intended to be an aircraft repair depot, as its location was deemed to be far enough away from the threat of enemy aircraft. After the Second World War, the site remained open as a maintenance unit and a disposal airfield for redundant aircraft. It was closed in 1960.

History

The site was acquired in 1937, and intended to be operational by December 1939, however, this was brought forward six months, and the airbase was operating by June 1939. Building work continued post-opening, with the first hangar not being completed until the end of July 1939.[2][3] In the planning stage, the airfield was intended to be an ASU (aircraft storage unit), rather than an ARD (aircraft repair depot), which is what it became with the work of No. 12 MU.[4] The first aircraft arrived by rail, as the runway was not ready until the autumn of 1939.[2] The station was provided with 15 hangars at the outset; one type-C, four type-D hangars, six type-E, and four type-L.[5] Historic England states that at the closure of the base in 1960, the site had expanded to include 38 hangars in total.[6] The runways were not long enough, a Liberator had trouble making an effective landing in 1941, and so approval was given to lengthen the runways, but this was not completed until 1943.[7]

Most of the pilots operating out of the base were part of the Air Transport Auxiliary; one of whom described a particularly clever attack a by a Luftwaffe pilot flying a Messerschmitt Bf 110, which looked like a Hampden. The aircraft lowered its landing gear and waggled its wings to mimic the procedures used by ATA pilots when they coming in to land. The bomber then applied thrust and strafed the base dropping at least three bombs on Kirkbride.[8]

No. 12 Maintenance Unit remained at the base for the duration of Kirkbride's RAF existence. 12 MU's motto was Nunquam intermittere cursum (Latin: Never to break flight).[9] By the summer of 1945, when offensive operations by the air forces in Europe were winding down, the nature of the base changed from a servicing unit to that of a storage unit. In July 1945, the number of aircraft stored at Kirkbride was 930, which had risen to 1,206 stored airframes by November of the same year.[7]

An inquiry during a session of Parliament in 1958, revealed that during the 1955–1956 financial year, over £100,000 (equivalent to £3,152,618 in 2023) was spent on repairing aircraft at the base.[10]

Post closure

The RAF abandoned the site in 1960, but it was considered as a possible ground station for the American MIDAS system, though in the eventuality, it was never used.[11] The plan was that it would remain under RAF control, initially stated to be part of Fighter Command, and furnished with three radomes each about 100 feet (30 m) in diameter, (similar to the initial equipment at RAF Fylingdales).[12]

The site is part of the Solway Military Trail, which details access to parts of the site via existing footpaths.[13] The former officers mess building has been converted into a hotel, and most of the hangars are now used for agricultural purposes.[14]

As an aerodrome, it remains open to light and recreational aviation, with 1280 metres of hard runway available[15]

Units

Notes

  1. ^ The dimensions are for the airfield when open at the start of the Second World War. The main runway is listed as now being 4,045 feet (1,233 m).[1]

References

  1. ^ "Site/Airfield Details | NOTAM Info". notaminfo.com. Retrieved 29 August 2022.
  2. ^ a b c d Smith 1990, p. 108.
  3. ^ Delve 2006, p. 156.
  4. ^ The Royal Air force builds for war : a history of design and construction in the RAF, 1935-1945. London: Stationery Office. 1997 [1956]. p. 68. ISBN 0117724696.
  5. ^ Delve 2006, p. 157.
  6. ^ "Kirkbride Airfield". www.heritagegateway.org.uk. Retrieved 29 August 2022.
  7. ^ a b Smith 1990, p. 109.
  8. ^ Schrader, Helena (2006). Sisters in arms. Barnsley: Pen & Sword Aviation. p. 127. ISBN 1844153886.
  9. ^ Pine, L G (1983). A dictionary of mottoes. London: Routledge and Kegan Paul. p. 159. ISBN 0-7100-9339-X.
  10. ^ "No. 12 Maintenance Unit, Kirkbride (Hansard, 16 July 1958)". api.parliament.uk. Retrieved 15 August 2022.
  11. ^ Stocker, Jeremy (2004). Britain and ballistic missile defence, 1942-2002. London: Frank Cass. p. 104. ISBN 0714656968.
  12. ^ "British Midas Station Will Give Six-Minute Warning". The Times. No. 55138. 20 July 1961. p. 9. ISSN 0140-0460.
  13. ^ "RAF Kirkbride". Solway Military Trail. Retrieved 15 August 2022.
  14. ^ "Forgotten airfields europe". www.forgottenairfields.com. Retrieved 15 August 2022.
  15. ^ http://kirkbrideairfield.weebly.com/airfield-info.html
  16. ^ Delve 2006, pp. 157–158.
  17. ^ Lake, Alan (1999). Flying units of the RAF : the ancestry, formation and disbandment of all flying units from 1912. Shrewsbury: Airlife. p. 24. ISBN 1-84037-086-6.

Sources

  • Delve, Ken (2006). Northern England : Co. Durham, Cumbria, Isle of Man, Lancashire, Merseyside, Manchester, Northumberland, Tyne & Wear, Yorkshire. Ramsbury: Crowood. ISBN 1-86126-809-2.
  • Smith, David J. (1990). Action stations. 3, Military airfields of Wales and the North-West (2 ed.). Cambridge: Stephens. ISBN 1-85260-375-5.
Quelle: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/RAF_Kirkbride