Portfolio diet
The Portfolio Diet is a therapeutic plant-based diet created by British researcher David J. Jenkins in 2003 to lower blood cholesterol.[1][2] The diet emphasizes using a portfolio of foods or food components that have been found to associate with cholesterol lowering to enhance this effect. Soluble fiber, soy protein, plant sterols, and nuts are the four essential components of Portfolio diet.[3] The diet is low in saturated fat, high in fibre. Researchers have suggested that the Portfolio diet may be a useful addition to statin therapy to help people achieve their lipid targets.[1]
Background
Heart disease is the leading cause of death in the United States.[4] Several risk factors have been identified as associated with cardiovascular disease. They include high blood pressure, high blood cholesterol, being overweight or obese, and smoking.[5] The American Heart Association (AHA) and American College of Cardiology (ACC) suggested life style management to control risk factors in order to reduce cardiovascular risk. One of the strategies is to reduce dietary saturated fat, which should reduce low-density lipoprotein in the blood (LDL) which is considered “bad” blood cholesterol.[6] If dietary and life style management proves ineffective on its own, medication is added, such as statin, to reduce blood cholesterol levels. Soy protein, nuts, viscous fibre, and plant sterols have been found to have a cholesterol lowering effect. The U.S. Food and Drug Administration has approved a health claim for these foods. David Jenkins believes that inclusion of all these foods in the diet is more effective at lowering cholesterol.
Diet
A typical portfolio diet includes a daily intake of about 50 grams of nuts (such as almonds, peanuts and walnuts), 2 grams of plant sterols, 10-25 grams of soluble fiber (from sources such as oats, barley, and psyllium), and 50 grams of soy protein.[3]
- Examples of food on the portfolio diet
Oat bran cereal
Plums
Soy milk
Granola with yogurt and fruit
Almonds
Bean soup
Tofu and okra
Apples
Oranges
Vegetable stir-fry
Soy-based meat alternatives
Yogurt with fruit
Psyllium fiber, three times a day
Health effects
There is high-quality evidence that the portfolio diet significantly reduces LDL-C and has positive effects on cardiometabolic risk factors.[1]
See also
References
- ^ a b c Chiavaroli L, Nishi SK, Khan TA, Braunstein CR, Glenn AJ, Mejia SB, Rahelić D, Kahleová H, Salas-Salvadó J, Jenkins DJA, Kendall CWC, Sievenpiper JL. (2018). "Portfolio Dietary Pattern and Cardiovascular Disease: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Controlled Trials". Progress in Cardiovascular Diseases. 61 (1): 43–53. doi:10.1016/j.pcad.2018.05.004. PMID 29807048.
{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link) - ^ "Ask the Expert: The Portfolio Diet By Toby Amidor, MS, RD, CDN". Today's Dietitian Vol. 20, No. 10, P. 10. Retrieved 30 December 2022.
- ^ a b "In Depth: The Portfolio diet". lipidgeneticsclinic.ca. Retrieved 30 December 2022.
- ^ Miniño, AM (2011). "Death in the United States, 2009". NCHS Data Brief, No 64. Hyattsville, MD: National Center for Health Statistics.
- ^ CDC (2011). "Million Hearts: Strategies to reduce the prevalence of leading cardiovascular disease risk factors—United States". MMWR. 60 (36): 1248–51.
- ^ Eckel, RH; Jakicic, JM; Ard, JD; et al. (2013). "2013 AHA/ACC guideline on lifestyle management to reduce cardiovascular risk: a report of the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Task Force on Practice Guidelines". Circulation. 129 (25 suppl 2): S76–S99. doi:10.1161/01.cir.0000437740.48606.d1. hdl:1903/24649.
Further reading
- Jenkins, DJ; Kendall, CW; Marchie, A; et al. (2003). "Effects of a dietary portfolio of cholesterol-lowering foods vs Lovastatin on serum lipids and C-reactive protein". JAMA. 290 (4): 502–510. doi:10.1001/jama.290.4.502. PMID 12876093.
- Jenkins, DJ; Chiavaroli, L; Wong, JMW; et al. (2010). "Adding monounsaturated fatty acids to a dietary portfolio of cholesterol-lowerign foods in hypercholesterolemia". CMAJ. 182 (18): 1961–67. doi:10.1503/cmaj.092128. PMC 3001502. PMID 21041432.
- Jenkins, DJ; Jones, PJH; Lamarche, B; et al. (2011). ". Effect of a dietary portfolio of cholesterol-lowering foods given at 2 levels of intensity of dietary advice on serum lipids in hyperlipidemia". JAMA. 306 (8): 831–839. doi:10.1001/jama.2011.1202. PMID 21862744.
