Peto is a surname. Notable people with the name include:

• András Pető (1893–1967), Hungarian practitioner of physical rehabilitation, inspired conductive education
• Basil Peto (1862–1945), English politician
• Christopher Peto (1897–1980), English politician
• Dorothy Peto (1886–1974) British women's police pioneer
• Geoffrey Peto (1878–1956), English politician
• Gladys Emma Peto (1890–1977), English artist, fashion designer, illustrator and writer of children's books
• Harold Peto (1854–1933), English architect and garden designer
• Henry Peto (1780–1830), English building contractor
• John F. Peto (1854–1907), American painter
• John Peto (cricketer) (died 1874), English cricketer
• John Peto (politician) (1900–1954), British Conservative Party politician
• Judit Pető (born 1921), birth name of Hungarian designer Judith Leiber
• Julian Peto, English statistician and cancer epidemiologist
• László Pető (born 1948), Hungarian fencer
• László Pető (sport shooter) (born 1969), Hungarian sports shooter
• Len Peto (1892–1985), ice hockey executive
• Michael Peto, also known as Mihály Petö (1908–1970), Hungarian-British photojournalist
• Morton Peto (1809–1889), English entrepreneur, civil engineer and railway developer
• Richard Peto (born 1943), English professor of medical statistics and Epidemiology in the University of Oxford
• Rosemary Peto (1916–1998), English artist
• Samuel Petto (c.1624-1711), English Puritan clergyman
• Samuel Morton Peto (1809–1889), English construction entrepreneur
• Silvia Petöová (1968–2019), Slovak actress
• Tibor Peto (born 1980), Hungarian rower
• Tim Peto (born 1950), English professor of medicine of the University of Oxford
• William Peto, English cricketer
• Zoltán Pető (born 1974), Hungarian footballer