Onomastus
| Onomastus | |
|---|---|
| |
| Female O. kanoi | |
| |
| Male O. kanoi | |
Scientific classification 
| |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Arthropoda |
| Subphylum: | Chelicerata |
| Class: | Arachnida |
| Order: | Araneae |
| Infraorder: | Araneomorphae |
| Family: | Salticidae |
| Subfamily: | Onomastinae |
| Genus: | Onomastus Simon, 1900[1] |
| Type species | |
| O. nigricaudus Simon, 1900[1] | |
| Species | |
Onomastus is a genus of Asian jumping spiders (family Salticidae) that was first described by Eugène Louis Simon in 1900.[2] It is the only genus in the subfamily Onomastinae.[3]
Description
Onomastus species are delicate, translucent spiders, with long legs compared to most other members of the family Salticidae. Males have highly complex, species specific palpal bulbs, which suggests rapid divergent evolution. Two clades have been distinguished: in species from Southeast Asia, the palpal bulb has a broad conductor; in those from South Asia it has a medial branch on the median apophysis. Like species of the subfamilies Lyssomaninae and Asemoneinae, the anterior lateral eyes form a separate row from the anterior median eyes.[3] The genus was originally diagnosed on the basis of the arrangement of the eyes.[2] Species of the South Asian clade are considered highly endangered due to habitat loss and climate change.
Taxonomy
The genus Onomastus was first described by Eugène Simon in 1900. He placed it in the "Attidae",[2] the name he then used for the family Salticidae. It was later placed in a broadly defined subfamily Lyssomaninae, although by the 1980s it was agreed that this subfamily consisted of three groups.[4] When Wayne Maddison divided the subfamily into three in 2015, the genus was placed in its own subfamily, Onomastinae.[3]
Species
As of July 2021, it contains seventeen species, found only in Asia:[1]
- Onomastus chenae Lin & Li, 2020 – China
- Onomastus complexipalpis Wanless, 1980 – Borneo
- Onomastus corbetensis Benjamin & Kanesharatnam, 2016 – Sri Lanka
- Onomastus danum Prószyński & Deeleman-Reinhold, 2013 – Borneo
- Onomastus indra Benjamin, 2010 – India
- Onomastus jamestaylori Benjamin & Kanesharatnam, 2016 – Sri Lanka
- Onomastus kaharian Benjamin, 2010 – Thailand, Indonesia (Borneo)
- Onomastus kanoi Ono, 1995 – Japan (Okinawa)
- Onomastus maskeliya Benjamin & Kanesharatnam, 2016 – Sri Lanka
- Onomastus nigricaudus Simon, 1900 (type) – Sri Lanka
- Onomastus nigrimaculatus Zhang & Li, 2005 – China, Thailand
- Onomastus patellaris Simon, 1900 – India
- Onomastus pethiyagodai Benjamin, 2010 – Sri Lanka
- Onomastus quinquenotatus Simon, 1900 – Sri Lanka
- Onomastus rattotensis Benjamin, 2010 – Sri Lanka
- Onomastus simoni Zabka, 1985 – Vietnam
- Onomastus subchenae C. Wang, W. H. Wang & Peng, 2021 – China
References
- ^ a b c "Gen. Onomastus Simon, 1900". World Spider Catalog Version 20.0. Natural History Museum Bern. 2019. doi:10.24436/2. Retrieved 2019-09-06.
- ^ a b c Simon, E. (1900). "Etudes arachnologiques. 30e Mémoire. XLVII. Descriptions d'espèces nouvelles de la famille des Attidae". Annales de la Société Entomologique de France. 69: 27–61. doi:10.1080/21686351.1900.12280033. Footnote, p. 29
- ^ a b c Maddison, Wayne P. (November 2015). "A phylogenetic classification of jumping spiders (Araneae: Salticidae)". Journal of Arachnology. 43 (3): 231–292. doi:10.1636/arac-43-03-231-292. S2CID 85680279.
- ^ Galiano, María Elena (1984). "New species of Lyssomanes Hentz, 1845 (Araneae, Salticidae)" (PDF). Bulletin of the British Arachnological Society. 6 (6): 268–276. Retrieved 2020-08-20.
External links