Obadiah German (April 22, 1766 – September 24, 1842) was an American lawyer and politician. He was most notable for his service as a U.S. Senator from New York (1809-1815) and Speaker of the New York State Assembly in 1819.

He was born on April 22, 1766, in Amenia, New York.^[1] He studied law, was admitted to the bar in 1792, and commenced practice in Norwich.^[1] A Democratic-Republican, he was a member of the New York State Assembly from 1798 to 1799, 1804 to 1805, and 1807 to 1809.^[1]

In 1809, he was elected a U.S. Senator from New York.^[1] He served one term, March 4, 1809, to March 3, 1815, and was not a candidate for reelection.^[1] German was known as a critic of the lack of military preparations made in advance of the War of 1812, and voted against the declaration of war.^[2] In 1812, German was one of the founding trustees of Hamilton College.^[3] He was First Judge of the Chenango County Court from 1814 to 1819.^[1] He was also a State militia officer, eventually becoming a major general.^[1]

Supporting DeWitt Clinton's Erie Canal project, German took part in planning and overseeing its construction after being appointed to the state Public Works Commission in 1817.^[4] German returned to the Assembly in 1819 as a member of the Clintonian faction of the Democratic-Republican Party and was chosen to serve as Speaker.^[2] Afterwards he resumed the practice of law. German became a Whig when that party was organized.^[1]

He died on September 24, 1842, in Norwich, New York.^[1] He was buried at North Norwich Cemetery in North Norwich, New York.^[1]

German had seven children with his first wife, Mary Ann Lewis, known as Ann, who died in 1829.^[5]

• Lewis German (d. 1819) was a lieutenant in the United States Navy and a veteran of the War of 1812.^[6]
• Morris^{[citation needed]}
• Sutherland^{[citation needed]}
• Albert was an innkeeper in Norwich before moving to Ohio.^[5]
• Walter, who succeeded his father in the family's Norwich mercantile business.^[5] He served as a militia captain during the War of 1812^[7] and became insolvent after his business failed in 1820.^[8]
• Julia, who was the wife of Stephen Anderson of Norwich, and later resided in Wisconsin.^[5]
• Maria (d. 1876), who was the wife of Reverend George Harmon and resided in Wisconsin and Ohio.^[9]

After the death of his first wife, he married Mary Ann Knight.^[5] The couple had two sons. Mary Ann moved to Syracuse with their sons when they were young, while Obadiah continued to live in Norwich.^[5]

Obadiah German's widow Mary Ann Knight claimed to have been defrauded by her brother (some accounts say German's brother) of German's $70,000 estate (about $1.7 million in 2014).^[10] She took up residence in Syracuse and became a public charge after being found "in a state of great destitution", her efforts at earning a living through painting and "fancy work" having failed.^[10] Her claim to be German's widow was not believed in Syracuse until it was confirmed after her death.^[10]

The town of German, New York, is named after him.^[11]

German is one of approximately 50 former senators for whom the U.S. Senate's photo historian has no likeness on file.^[12] Attempts to locate one have proved unsuccessful.^[12]

• US Senate Photo Historian. "Senators Not Represented in Senate Historical Office Photo Collection". Senate.gov. Washington, DC: Historian of the United States Senate. Retrieved December 31, 2018.

• Obadiah German at Find a Grave
• Obadiah German at Political Graveyard

• United States Congress. "Obadiah German (id: G000136)". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress.
• The New York Civil List compiled by Franklin Benjamin Hough (pages 63, 172, 177f, 180ff, 194, 275 and 359; Weed, Parsons and Co., 1858)