Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens
"NRG4" redirects here. For the cannabinoid drug, see
RCS-4 .
Neuregulin 4 also known as NRG4 is a member of the neuregulin protein family which in humans is encoded by the NRG4 gene .[ 5] [ 6] [ 7]
Function The neuregulins, including NRG4, activate erb-b2 receptor tyrosine kinase 4 (ERBB4 ) to initiating cell signaling through cytosolic tyrosine phosphorylation.[ 7]
Clinical significance Loss of expression of NRG4 is frequently seen in advanced bladder cancer while increased NRG4 expression correlates to better survival.[ 8]
References
^ a b c GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000169752 – Ensembl , May 2017^ a b c GRCm38: Ensembl release 89: ENSMUSG00000032311 – Ensembl , May 2017^ "Human PubMed Reference:" . National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine .^ "Mouse PubMed Reference:" . National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine .^ "Entrez Gene: NRG4 neuregulin 4" .^ Strausberg RL, Feingold EA, Grouse LH, et al. (December 2002). "Generation and initial analysis of more than 15,000 full-length human and mouse cDNA sequences" . Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A . 99 (26): 16899–903. Bibcode :2002PNAS...9916899M . doi :10.1073/pnas.242603899 PMC 139241 PMID 12477932 . ^ a b Harari D, Tzahar E, Romano J, Shelly M, Pierce JH, Andrews GC, Yarden Y (April 1999). "Neuregulin-4: a novel growth factor that acts through the ErbB-4 receptor tyrosine kinase" . Oncogene . 18 (17): 2681–9. doi :10.1038/sj.onc.1202631 PMID 10348342 . ^ Memon AA, Sorensen BS, Melgard P, Fokdal L, Thykjaer T, Nexo E (December 2004). "Expression of HER3, HER4 and their ligand heregulin-4 is associated with better survival in bladder cancer patients" . Br. J. Cancer . 91 (12): 2034–41. doi :10.1038/sj.bjc.6602251 . PMC 2409781 PMID 15583696 .
Further reading
Révillion F, Lhotellier V, Hornez L, Bonneterre J, Peyrat JP (January 2008). "ErbB/HER ligands in human breast cancer, and relationships with their receptors, the bio-pathological features and prognosis" . Ann. Oncol . 19 (1): 73–80. doi :10.1093/annonc/mdm431 PMID 17962208 . Gerhard DS, Wagner L, Feingold EA, et al. (2004). "The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC)" . Genome Res . 14 (10B): 2121–7. doi :10.1101/gr.2596504 . PMC 528928 PMID 15489334 . Hayes NV, Newsam RJ, Baines AJ, Gullick WJ (2008). "Characterization of the cell membrane-associated products of the Neuregulin 4 gene" . Oncogene . 27 (5): 715–20. doi :10.1038/sj.onc.1210689 PMID 17684490 . Hayes NV, Blackburn E, Smart LV, et al. (2007). "Identification and characterization of novel spliced variants of neuregulin 4 in prostate cancer" . Clin. Cancer Res . 13 (11): 3147–55. doi :10.1158/1078-0432.CCR-06-2237 PMID 17545517 .
Angiopoietin CNTF EGF (ErbB)
FGF
FGFR1 FGFR2
Agonists: Ersofermin FGF (1 , 2 (bFGF) , 3 , 4 , 5 , 6 , 7 (KGF ), 8 , 9 , 10 (KGF2) , 17 , 18 , 22 )Palifermin Repifermin Selpercatinib Sprifermin Trafermin FGFR3 FGFR4 Unsorted
HGF (c-Met) IGF
LNGF (p75NTR ) PDGF RET (GFL)
SCF (c-Kit) TGFβ Trk
TrkA
Negative allosteric modulators: VM-902A TrkB
Agonists: 3,7-DHF 3,7,8,2'-THF 4'-DMA-7,8-DHF 7,3'-DHF 7,8-DHF 7,8,2'-THF 7,8,3'-THF Amitriptyline BDNF BNN-20 Deoxygedunin Deprenyl Diosmetin DMAQ-B1 HIOC LM22A-4 N-Acetylserotonin NT-3 NT-4 Norwogonin (5,7,8-THF) R7 R13 TDP6 TrkC
VEGF Others
Additional growth factors: Adrenomedullin Colony-stimulating factors (see here instead)Connective tissue growth factor (CTGF) Ephrins (A1 , A2 , A3 , A4 , A5 , B1 , B2 , B3 )Erythropoietin (see here instead)Glucose-6-phosphate isomerase (GPI; PGI, PHI, AMF) Glia maturation factor (GMF) Hepatoma-derived growth factor (HDGF) Interleukins /T-cell growth factors (see here instead)Leukemia inhibitory factor (LIF) Macrophage-stimulating protein (MSP; HLP, HGFLP) Midkine (NEGF2) Migration-stimulating factor (MSF; PRG4) Oncomodulin Pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating peptide (PACAP) Pleiotrophin Renalase Thrombopoietin (see here instead)Wnt signaling proteins Additional growth factor receptor modulators: Cerebrolysin (neurotrophin mixture)
