Melaniparus
| Melaniparus | |
|---|---|
| |
| Melaniparus rufiventris (Rufous-bellied tit) | |
Scientific classification 
| |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Chordata |
| Class: | Aves |
| Order: | Passeriformes |
| Family: | Paridae |
| Genus: | Melaniparus Bonaparte, 1850 |
| Type species | |
| Parus niger[1] Vieillot, 1818 | |
| Species | |
|
See text | |
Melaniparus is a genus of birds in the tit family. The species were formerly placed in the speciose genus Parus but were moved to Melaniparus based on a molecular phylogenetic analysis published in 2013 that showed that the members formed a distinct clade.[2] The genus Melaniparus had originally been introduced by the French naturalist Charles Lucien Bonaparte in 1850.[3] The type species was subsequently designated as the southern black tit (Melaniparus niger).[4][5] The name of the genus combines the Ancient Greek melas, melanos "black" and the genus Parus introduced by Carl Linnaeus in 1758.[6]
The following species, all from Africa and mostly having dark plumage, have been placed in the genus:[7]
| Image | Scientific name | Common Name | Distribution |
|---|---|---|---|
| Melaniparus guineensis | White-shouldered black tit | Africa from Senegal in the west to Kenya and Ethiopia in the east | |
 |
Melaniparus leucomelas | White-winged black tit | central Africa, from Angola in the west to Ethiopia in the east |
 |
Melaniparus niger | Southern black tit | Angola to the Eastern Cape, South Africa |
 |
Melaniparus carpi | Carp's tit | Angola and Namibia |
 |
Melaniparus albiventris | White-bellied tit | Cameroon, Kenya, Nigeria, South Sudan, Tanzania, and Uganda |
| Melaniparus leuconotus | White-backed black tit | Eritrea and Ethiopia. | |
| Melaniparus funereus | Dusky tit | Angola, Cameroon, Central African Republic, Republic of the Congo, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Ivory Coast, Gabon, Ghana, Guinea, Kenya, Liberia, Rwanda, Sierra Leone, South Sudan, and Uganda | |
|
Melaniparus rufiventris | Rufous-bellied tit | Republic of the Congo, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Angola, Zambia, Namibia and Botswana |
| Melaniparus pallidiventris | Cinnamon-breasted tit | Tanzania, Malawi, Mozambique and Zimbabwe | |
| Melaniparus fringillinus | Red-throated tit | Kenya and Tanzania | |
 |
Melaniparus fasciiventer | Stripe-breasted tit | Burundi, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Rwanda, and Uganda. |
| Melaniparus thruppi | Acacia tit or Somali Tit | Ethiopia and Somalia south to north eastern Tanzania | |
 |
Melaniparus griseiventris | Miombo tit | Angola, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Malawi, Mozambique, Tanzania, Zambia, and Zimbabwe |
 |
Melaniparus cinerascens | Ashy tit | Angola, Botswana, Namibia, South Africa, and Zimbabwe. |
 |
Melaniparus afer | Grey tit | Lesotho and South Africa |
References
- ^ "Paridae". aviansystematics.org. The Trust for Avian Systematics. Retrieved 2023-07-16.
- ^ Johansson, U.S.; Ekman, J.; Bowie, R.C.K.; Halvarsson, P.; Ohlson, J.I.; Price, T.D.; Ericson, P.G.P. (2013). "A complete multilocus species phylogeny of the tits and chickadees (Aves: Paridae)". Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution. 69 (3): 852–860. Bibcode:2013MolPE..69..852J. doi:10.1016/j.ympev.2013.06.019. PMID 23831453.
- ^ Bonaparte, Charles Lucien (1850). Conspectus Generum Avium (in Latin). Vol. 1. Leiden: E.J. Brill. p. 228.
- ^ Gray, George Robert (1855). Catalogue of the Genera and Subgenera of Birds Contained in the British Museum. London: British Museum. p. 38.
- ^ Dickinson, E.C.; Christidis, L., eds. (2014). The Howard & Moore Complete Checklist of the Birds of the World. Vol. 2: Passerines (4th ed.). Eastbourne, UK: Aves Press. p. 432. ISBN 978-0-9568611-2-2.
- ^ Jobling, James A. (2010). The Helm Dictionary of Scientific Bird Names. London: Christopher Helm. p. 246. ISBN 978-1-4081-2501-4.
- ^ Gill, Frank; Donsker, David (eds.). "Waxwings and their allies, tits & penduline tits". World Bird List Version 6.1. International Ornithologists' Union. Retrieved 15 February 2016.