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Masuleh

"Khortab" redirects here. For the village in Lahijan County, see Khortab, Lahijan. For the village in Masal County, see Masuleh Khani. For the village in Mazandaran province, see Khortab Rud.


Masuleh
Persian: ماسوله
City
Masuleh view
Masuleh view
Masuleh is located in Iran
Masuleh
Masuleh
Coordinates: 37°09′18″N 48°59′22″E / 37.15500°N 48.98944°E / 37.15500; 48.98944[1]
CountryIran
ProvinceGilan
DistrictSardar-e Jangal
Population
 (2016)[2]
 • Total
393
Time zoneUTC+3:30 (IRST)

Masuleh (Persian: ماسوله; pronunciationⓘ)[a] is a city in Sardar-e Jangal District of Fuman County, Gilan province, Iran.

Masuleh is approximately 60 km southwest of Rasht and 32 km west of Fuman. Its people are Talysh. The village is 1,050 meters above sea level in the Alborz mountain range, near the southern coast of the Caspian Sea. The village itself has a difference in elevation of 100 meters.

Although some say the community was established around 10 AD, Old Masuleh dates to 1006 AD, 6 km northwest of the current city (Kohneh Masuleh in Persian). People moved from Old Masuleh to the new site because of pestilence and attacks from neighbouring communities.

Demographics

Language

The native people of Masuleh speak Talysh.[citation needed]

Population

At the time of the 2006 National Census, the city's population was 554 in 180 households.[4] The following census in 2011 counted 568 people in 210 households.[5] The 2016 census measured the population of the city as 393 people in 147 households.[2]

Climate

Climate data for Masuleh (37°09′00″N 48°58′59″E / 37.15°N 48.983°E / 37.15; 48.983, 2006-2015 precipitation normals)
Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year
Average precipitation mm (inches) 73.2
(2.88) 		79.9
(3.15) 		95.3
(3.75) 		102.1
(4.02) 		61.4
(2.42) 		39.1
(1.54) 		50.1
(1.97) 		48.7
(1.92) 		83.9
(3.30) 		110.3
(4.34) 		113.1
(4.45) 		83.4
(3.28) 		940.5
(37.02)
Source: IRIMO[6]

Architecture

Buildings are mostly two stories (1st floor and 'ground' floor), although there are three-story and four-story houses as well.

There are four main local communities at the city named: "Maza-var" (meaning beside the Mosque) at the south, "Khana-var" (beside homes) at the East, "Kasha-sar" (stretched on top) at the North, and, "Assa-mahala" (Assad community) at the West. Apparently, down town is the Market (Bazaar) area and also the main mosque of the city, named "O-ne-ben-ne Ali" (Awn Ibn Mohammad Ibn Ali Ibn. Abi Taleb) built in 969 AD.[7]

In some of these houses, it has been possible to live in separate apartments in different periods. For example, the Zandipour House, which is now used as an apartment hotel, was accommodated by different families who lived in their separate apartment units for a long time. Each of these units had a separate bathroom and different families lived separately in each of the three floors. However, some three-story houses were occupied by an extended family as the children who were married lived together with their parents in a class structural house.

Girih tiling in buildings of Masuleh

Traditional costume of Masuleh women

Girih tiling consists of straight and broken lines on a regular basis that could be reasonably expanded in the surface.[8]

The historical city of Masuleh is a good model for sustainable architecture and its final aim is respecting the culture and friendly relationship with nature and improving the life style of its residents.[9]

Archaeology

Archaeological survey of the mountain ranges overlooking Masouleh shows that this mountainous region was probably occupied by ancient herders and nomads at least since the late Bronze Age.[10]

Remains of late prehistoric, historic, and Islamic times were discovered on the mountain top above 2500 meters above sea level(See). These mountains were used seasonally, at least since the late Neolithic (5000 BC) Bronze Age (2000-1500 BC), which continued during the Iron Age I (1500-1100 BC), Iron Age III (800-500 BC), Parthian (247 BC to 224 CE), Buyid (943–1029 CE), Seljuk (1043–1051 CE) and Ilkhanid (1306–1335 CE) periods(tehrantimes).

Archaeologists discovered pottery sherds, animal bones, and stone tools that date back to about 7,000 years ago. [11]

Tourism areas

Waterfalls: Kooshm, Larcheshme, and Kourbar.[12]

  • Window of building in Masuleh
    Window of building in Masuleh
  • The yard of the above building is the roof of the below building
    The yard of the above building is the roof of the below building
  • The nature of Masuleh
    The nature of Masuleh
  • Buildings are mostly 2 stories
    Buildings are mostly 2 stories

See also

Media related to Masuleh at Wikimedia Commons

flag Iran portal

Notes

  1. ^ Also romanized as Masouleh and Māsūleh; also known as Masoleh;[3] historical names for the city include Khortāb and Māsalar[citation needed]

References

  1. ^ OpenStreetMap contributors (12 October 2024). "Masuleh, Fuman County" (Map). OpenStreetMap (in Persian). Retrieved 12 October 2024.
  2. ^ a b Census of the Islamic Republic of Iran, 1395 (2016): Gilan Province. amar.org.ir (Report) (in Persian). The Statistical Center of Iran. Archived from the original (Excel) on 4 December 2020. Retrieved 19 December 2022.
  3. ^ Masuleh can be found at GEOnet Names Server, at this link, by opening the Advanced Search box, entering "-3074349" in the "Unique Feature Id" form, and clicking on "Search Database".
  4. ^ Census of the Islamic Republic of Iran, 1385 (2006): Gilan Province. amar.org.ir (Report) (in Persian). The Statistical Center of Iran. Archived from the original (Excel) on 20 September 2011. Retrieved 25 September 2022.
  5. ^ Census of the Islamic Republic of Iran, 1390 (2011): Gilan Province. irandataportal.syr.edu (Report) (in Persian). The Statistical Center of Iran. Archived from the original (Excel) on 8 October 2023. Retrieved 19 December 2022 – via Iran Data Portal, Syracuse University.
  6. ^ "Monthly total of precipitation for Masuleh (99281)". data.irimo.ir (XLS download) (in Persian). Iran Meteorological Organization.
  7. ^ Sotoudeh, Manouchehr. "Monuments OF GĪLĀN". Encyclopædia Iranica. Retrieved 19 November 2011.
  8. ^ Sattari Sarbangholi, H., & Hasanpour loumer, S. (2015). The Ornamentations of Girih Tiling in Buildings of the Khanebar Neighborhood in Masouleh. HONAR-HA-YE-ZIBA HONAR-HA-YE-TAJASSOMI, 19(4), autumn, 55-66.
  9. ^ Hasanpour loumer, Saeid. "A Study on Decorations (Chinese Knotting) Used in Monuments of Masouleh Historical City, Case Study: Kasha-Sar Olia." the scientific-research degree of Armanshahr journal 9.17 (2017): 25-36. http://www.armanshahrjournal.com/article_44601.html. Web. 21 Apr. 2017. <http://www.armanshahrjournal.com/article_44601_d67ce62e2560b3fb2d9f0eac1aad57f8.pdf>.
  10. ^ Biglari, F., M. Akbari 2022.L’homme et le paysage de montagne dans l’Elbourz, ARCHAEOLGIA, 608:16-17.
  11. ^ "Discovery of 7K years old early herders' camp on Mountaintop near Masouleh, Gilan". 28 September 2022.
  12. ^ "masuleh in iran". January 2019.

13. Pourali Mostafa and Mansour Falamaki 2015. Understanding Territories, Case Study: MASOULEH, in kashan University press, http://jias.kashanu.ac.ir


Quelle: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Masouleh