Langbahn Team – Weltmeisterschaft

List of Armenian ethnic enclaves

New Julfa in Isfahan, Iran: it is still one of the oldest and largest Armenian quarters in the world.

This is a list of Armenian ethnic enclaves, containing cities, districts, and neighborhoods with predominantly Armenian population, or are associated with Armenian culture, either currently or historically.[a] Most numbers are estimates by various organizations and media, because many countries simply do not collect data on ethnicity.

Extant enclaves

Europe

San Lazzaro degli Armeni, located in the Venetian Lagoon, is home to an Armenian Catholic monastery.
Name Type Location Total Armenians % Ref
Alfortville[3] commune France Paris, France 45,000 7,000–9,000 15–20% [4]
Issy-les-Moulineaux[5][6] commune France Paris, France 63,000 6,000–6,500 10% [7]
San Lazzaro degli Armeni[8] island Italy Venice, Italy 17 ~100% [9]
Valence commune France Drôme, France 64,483 7,500 10% [10]
Marseille prefecture France Bouches-du-Rhône, France 873,076 80,000 9% [11]

Middle East

Syria

There are several Armenian-populated villages in Syria: including Aramo,[12][13] Al-Ghanimeh (Ghnemieh),[13][14] Kessab[b] (2,000–2,200)[16][17] in Latakia; and Yakubiyah in Idlib.[12] Aleppo has the Armenian neighborhoods of Al-Jdayde and Nor Kyough (Midan).[18][19]

Jordan

Armenians also resettled in al-Ashrafiya, Jordan from 1914, where they constructed an Armenian Apostolic Church and a school in 1962.[20]

other countries
Name Type Location Total Armenians % Ref
Anjar[21] town Lebanon Zahlé, Lebanon 2,400–6000 ~100% [22][23]
Antelias city Lebanon Metn, Lebanon 16,000 3,200–4,000 ~20% [3]
Armenian Quarter quarter Israel Old City, Jerusalem[c] 2,424 500–1,000 21–41% [24][25][26]
Beirut city Lebanon Beirut, Lebanon 430,000 51,600 ~12% [27]
Bourj Hammoud[28][29] city Lebanon Metn, Lebanon 150,000 110,000 73% [30][31]
Bzoummar village Lebanon Keserwan District,Lebanon 700 300 42% [32]
Mezher villiage Lebanon Beirut, Lebanon 1,000 ~100% [33]
New Julfa[34] quarter Iran Isfahan, Iran 10,000–12,000 — [35]
Zarneh (Boloran) village Iran Isfahan Province, Iran 61[36] 61 100% [37][38]
Vakıflı village Turkey Hatay, Turkey 135 ~100% [39]


Post-Soviet states

Georgia

Javakheti (Javakhk) shown in red on the map of Georgia with Samtskhe-Javakheti provincial borders outlined.
Name Type Location Total Armenians % Ref
Avlabari (Havlabar)[40][41] neighborhood Tbilisi
Javakheti (Javakhk) province Samtskhe-Javakheti 95,280 90,373 94.8% [42]
Abkhazia[d]

As of 2004, there were "around 50-60 Armenian villages" in Abkhazia.[43] According to the 2011 Abkhazian census, Armenians formed the majority of the population of the Sukhumi District (6,467 Armenians, 56.1% of the total 11,531), and plurality in Gulripshi District (8,430 Armenians or 46.8% of 18,032) and Gagra District (15,422 Armenians or 38.3% of 40,217).[44]

Russia

The proportion of Armenians in the municipality of Sochi, Russia by settlements
Name Type Location Total Armenians % Ref
Adlersky City District raion Sochi, Krasnodar Krai 138,572 44,000–80,000 32%–58% [45][46][47]
Edissiya[48] village Stavropol Krai 5,657 5,377 92.7% [49]
Gaikodzor village Anapsky District, Krasnodar Krai
Karabagly village Dagestan 723 ~400 56% [50][51]
Myasnikovsky District raion Rostov Oblast 39,631 22,108 56% [52]
Proletarsky raion (former Nakhichevan-on-Don)[53][54] city raion Rostov-on-Don, Rostov Oblast 122,174 10,008 8% [55]
Tuapsinsky District raion Krasnodar Krai 62,400 13,700 22% [56]

Ukraine

Name Type Location Total Armenians % Ref
Aykavan[57] village Crimea[e] 160 ~100% [58]

United States

Name Type Location Total Armenians % Ref
Glendale[59] city California Los Angeles County, California 220,000 100,000 45% [60]
Little Armenia[61] neighborhood California Los Angeles, California 21,600 — [62]
Watertown[63][64] city Massachusetts Boston, Massachusetts 33,000 2,700–8,000 8%–25% [65][66]

Extinct enclaves

Armenian Church in Armanitola, Dhaka
Holy Trinity Cathedral in Gherla
Name Type Current location Period Armenian population & %(date) Ref
Armanitola neighborhood Bangladesh Dhaka, Bangladesh 18th century [67]
Armen Sefer neighborhood Ethiopia Addis Ababa, Ethiopia early 20th century [68]
Ghala and Lilava
(Armanestān) 		neighborhood Iran Tabriz, Iran 19th century 6,000 (c. 1900) [69][70][71]
Ermenikend quarter Azerbaijan Nasimi raion, Baku, Azerbaijan 19th-20th centuries
Nərimanov raion city district Azerbaijan Baku, Azerbaijan mid-20th century 27.6–47.6% (1939–79) [72][73][74][75]
Gherla (Armenopolis) city Romania Cluj County, Romania 17th century 43.48% (1850) [76]
Kınalıada island Turkey Istanbul, Turkey 19th-20th centuries 35,000 (seasonal)
65–95% 		[77][78][79][80]
Kizlyar town Russia Dagestan, Russia late 19th century 3,523 (48%) (1897) [81]
Kumkapı[82][83] quarter Turkey Fatih, Istanbul, Turkey
Nakhichevan-on-Don city Russia Rostov-on-Don, Russia 1778–1928 30–58.7% (1897) [84][85]
Old Armenian Town neighborhood United States Fresno, California, United States c. 1900—1950s [86]
Yettem settlement United States Tulare County, California, United States c. 1900—1920s 500 (100%) (1920) [87][88]

Central Asia

Name Type Current location Period Armenian population & %(date) Ref
Ashgabat town Turkmenistan Turkmenistan late 19th to early 20th century 13.53% (1926) [89]
Türkmenbashy town Turkmenistan Turkmenistan late 19th to early 20th century 12.99% (1897) [89]
Merv town Turkmenistan Turkmenistan late 19th to early 20th century 8.00% (1897) [89]
Gyzylarbat town Turkmenistan Turkmenistan late 19th to early 20th century 10.00% (1897) [89]

Ukraine and Moldova (formerly Poland and Crimea)

Surb Sarkis church in Feodosia
Surp Khach Monastery in Staryi Krym
Bell tower of Armenian Saint Nicholas church in Kamianets-Podilskyi
Name Type Current location Period Armenian population & %(date) Ref
Feodosia (Kaffa) city Crimea[e] 15th century 46,000 (65%) (1470s) [90]
Staryi Krym town Crimea[e] 471 (43.4%) (1863) [91]
Lwów[f] city Ukraine Lviv Oblast, Ukraine 14th–18th centuries 2,500 (minority) (1633) [92][93]
Kamieniec Podolski[f] city Ukraine Khmelnytskyi Oblast, Ukraine 14th–18th centuries Minority [92]
Jazłowiec[f] town Ukraine Ternopil Oblast, Ukraine 16th–18th centuries Minority [94]
Śniatyn[f] town Ukraine Ivano-Frankivsk Oblast, Ukraine 17th–18th centuries Minority [94]
Brody[f] town Ukraine Lviv Oblast, Ukraine 17th–18th centuries Minority [94]
Stanisławów[f] town Ukraine Ivano-Frankivsk Oblast, Ukraine 17th–18th centuries Minority [94]
Żwaniec[f] town Ukraine Khmelnytskyi Oblast, Ukraine 17th–18th centuries Minority [94]
Łysiec[f] town Ukraine Ivano-Frankivsk Oblast, Ukraine 17th–18th centuries Minority [94]
Horodenka[f] town Ukraine Ivano-Frankivsk Oblast, Ukraine 17th–18th centuries Minority [94]
Brzeżany[f] town Ukraine Ternopil Oblast, Ukraine 17th–18th centuries Minority [94]
Tyśmienica[f] town Ukraine Ivano-Frankivsk Oblast, Ukraine 17th–18th centuries Minority [94]
Obertyn[f] town Ukraine Ivano-Frankivsk Oblast, Ukraine 18th century Minority [94]
Mohylów Podolski[f] town Ukraine Vinnytsia Oblast, Ukraine 18th century Minority [94]
Józefgród[f] town Ukraine Odesa Oblast, Ukraine 18th century Minority [94]
Raszków[f] town Moldova Transnistria, Moldova 18th century Minority [94]

Georgia and the adjacent Governorates of the Russian Empire

Name Type Region Period Armenian population & %(date) Ref
Sighnaghi town Georgia (country) Kakheti 19th century 96% (c. 1836) [95]
Telavi town Georgia (country) Kakheti 19th century 81% (c. 1836) [95]
Gori town Georgia (country) Shida Kartli 19th century 58.25% (c. 1873) [96]
Sololaki neighborhood Georgia (country) Tbilisi 19th century Minority [97]
Batumi town Georgia (country) Adjara Late 19th century 24% (c. 1897) [98]
Oni town Georgia (country) Racha Late 19th century 13.78% (c. 1897) [99]
Artvin town Turkey Artvin province Late 19th century 65.52% (c. 1897) [100]
Dusheti town Georgia (country) Mtskheta-Mtianeti 19th century Majority [101]
Zaqatala town Azerbaijan Zaqatala Late 19th century 46.5% (c. 1897) [102]

See also

Notes

  1. ^ This article only lists ethnic enclaves in the Armenian diaspora. Many sources describe Nagorno-Karabakh as an Armenian ethnic enclave,[1][2] which it was during most of its existence as the Nagorno-Karabakh Autonomous Oblast (1923–91), when it did not border Soviet Armenia. Since the end of the 1988–94 war, the Nagorno-Karabakh Republic (NKR) has been largely integrated with Armenia and the two today de facto function as a single entity. However, the NKR remains internationally unrecognized and is regarded by all UN members as de jure part of Azerbaijan.
  2. ^ The Armenian population of Kessab was forced out in March 2014, during the Syrian Civil War.[15]
  3. ^ The status of Jerusalem is disputed between Israel and the State of Palestine, but the Old City is de facto administered by Israel.
  4. ^ Abkhazia is de jure recognized as part of Georgia by most countries, however, it is de facto independent.
  5. ^ a b c The Crimean Peninsula is disputed between Russia and Ukraine and is de facto part of Russia, but remains (for the most part) internationally recognized as de jure part of Ukraine. For more, see Political status of Crimea.
  6. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o The city was home to one of Armenian communes in the Kingdom of Poland. For more information see: Armenians in Poland

References

  1. ^ Noel, Sid, ed. (2005). From Power Sharing to Democracy: Post-conflict Institutions in Ethnically Divided Societies. Montréal: McGill-Queen's University Press. p. 279. ISBN 9780773529489. ...an Armenian ethnic enclave (Nagorno-Karabakh)...
  2. ^ Barry, Ellen (24 June 2011). "Azerbaijan and Armenia Fail to End Enclave Dispute". New York Times. ...Nagorno-Karabakh, an Armenian enclave...
  3. ^ a b This New York Times article calls Alfortville "an Armenian neighborhood": "15 are hurt in Paris by 3 explosions in an Armenian neighborhood". New York Times. 4 May 1984.
  4. ^ "Les Arméniens en France". La Croix (in French). 15 February 2015. Archived from the original on 21 January 2021. La ville d'Alfortville (Val-de-Marne), surnommée la « petite Arménie », est l'une des plus représentatives, avec 7 000 à 9 000 membres parmi plus de 45 000 habitants.
  5. ^ Dubouis, Kevin (18 April 2013). "Dubouis: Revoking Denial of Pride". The Armenian Weekly. ...the Armenian district of Issy-les-Moulineaux...
  6. ^ Tenaglia, Adelaïde (27 July 2022). "Issy-les-Moulineaux, la petite Arménie des Hauts-de-Seine". Les Echos (in French). Archived from the original on 29 July 2022.
  7. ^ Lenhardt, Marjorie (6 February 2019). "Issy-les-Moulineaux, village arménien depuis 1920". Le Parisien (in French). Archived from the original on 24 January 2021.
  8. ^ Saryan, Levon A. (11 July 2011). "A Visit to San Lazzaro: An Armenian Island in the Heart of Europe". The Armenian Weekly.
  9. ^ Cole, Teresa Levonian (31 July 2015). "San Lazzaro degli Armeni: A slice of Armenia in Venice". The Independent. Archived from the original on 3 November 2017. Today, just 12 vardapets (learned monks) and five novices remain...
  10. ^ "Construction of new Armenian school in France launches in Valence". horizonweekly.ca. 2017-11-27. Retrieved 2024-09-22.
  11. ^ "Citoyenneté et intégration: Marseille, modèle d'intégration?". 2004-09-28. Archived from the original on 2004-09-28. Retrieved 2024-09-22.
  12. ^ a b Zaman, Amberin (8 April 2014). "Turkey losing propaganda war over Syrian Armenians". Al-Monitor. ...Kassab along with a few other Armenian villages — Aramo, Ghnemieh and Yacoubieh...
  13. ^ a b Cholakian, Hagop (18 June 2012). "Latin Rite Roman Catholics of Armenian Descent in Syria". Noravank Foundation. ...the Armenian populated villages Aramo, Ghnemiye and Arpali...
  14. ^ "Armenian Populated Village in Latakia Liberated". Asbarez. 22 January 2016.
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  16. ^ Sherlock, Ruth (14 April 2014). "Turkey 'aided Islamist fighters' in attack on Syrian town". The Daily Telegraph. Almost all of the villages approximately 2,000 inhabitants had fled.
  17. ^ Gilbert, Ben (7 May 2014). "Taking Refuge: Armenian Family Exiled For Third Time In Century". Al Jazeera. ...mostly Armenian Christian village of Kassab (population 2,200)...
  18. ^ "Aleppo Under Fire: The Ruins of Armenian Neighborhoods". The Armenian Weekly. 5 June 2014. ...the predominantly Armenian neighborhoods of Nor Kyough (Meedan)...
  19. ^ Arnold, David (24 September 2012). "In Battle for Aleppo, Armenians Seek Neutral Ground". Middle East Voices. Voice of America. ...the Armenian neighborhood of al-Midan...
  20. ^ "Aleksander Lapshin shares story about "Little Armenia in Jordan"". news.am. Retrieved 14 November 2023.
  21. ^ Kahana, Ephraim; Suwaed, Muhammad (2009). Historical Dictionary of Middle Eastern Intelligence. Lanham, Maryland: Scarecrow Press. p. 179. ISBN 9780810863026. ...Anjar, an Armenian village in the Bekaa Valley.
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  34. ^ Canby, Sheila R. (2009). Shah ʻAbbas: the remaking of Iran. London: British Museum Press. p. 64. ISBN 9780714124520. Called New Julfa, this area remains the Armenian quarter of Isfahan to this day.
  35. ^ Petrosyan, David (1998). Армянская община в Иране (in Russian). Institute for Central Asian and Caucasian Studies. ...еще 10-12 тысяч - в Исфагане (армяне называют его Новой Джугой)...
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  37. ^ "Հայոց Ցեղասպանութեան 100-րդ տարելիցին նւիրւած միջոցառումներ՝ Փերիոյ գաւառի Բոլորան գիւղում". Alik (in Armenian). 31 May 2015. Archived from the original on 15 August 2021. Գիւղում ամբողջութեամբ հայեր են բնակւում...
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Bibliography

  • Stopka, Krzysztof (2010). "Ormianie". In Kopczyński, Michał; Tygielski, Wojciech (eds.). Pod wspólnym niebem. Narody dawnej Rzeczypospolitej (in Polish). Warszawa: Muzeum Historii Polski, Bellona. ISBN 978-83-11-11724-2.
Quelle: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Armenian_ethnic_enclaves