Norwegian Independent Company 1
Norwegian Independent Company 1 (NOR.I.C.1, pronounced Norisén (approx. "noor-ee-sehn") in Norwegian) was a British Special Operations Executive (SOE) group formed in March 1941 originally for the purpose of performing commando raids during the occupation of Norway by Nazi Germany. Organized under the leadership of Captain Martin Linge, it soon became a pool of talent for a variety of special operations in Norway.[1]
History
The original English-language administrative title did not have much resonance in Norwegian and they soon became better known as Kompani Linge (Linge's Company). Martin Linge's death early in the war came to enhance the title, which became formalised as Lingekompaniet in his honour.
The members of the unit were trained at various locations in the United Kingdom, including at the SOE establishment at Drumintoul Lodge in the Cairngorms, Scotland.[2]
Their initial raids in 1941 were to Lofoten (Operation Claymore) and Måløy (Operation Archery), where Martin Linge was killed. Their best known raids were probably the Norwegian heavy water sabotage. Other raids included the Thamshavnbanen sabotage. In the capital area, the Oslogjengen carried out several sabotage missions. In cooperation with Milorg, the main Norwegian resistance organisation, communication lines with London were gradually improved during the war, so that by 1945, 64 radio operators were spread throughout Norway.[3]
According to Mitt liv, the autobiography of Max Manus (1995. N.W. Damm), the Linge Company was for a time counted amongst the most decorated military forces in the United Kingdom during World War II. The veterans from the company were also amongst the first to welcome King Haakon home.[citation needed] A total of 530 Norwegians served in NOR.I.C.1, of whom 57 died.[3]
Members
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Operation Seagull agents
- Cpl. Sverre Granlund - had also served as a commando during Operation Musketoon
- Sgt. Thorlief Daniel Grong
- Lt. Per Getz
- Pte. Eivind Dahl Eriksen
- Pte. Hans Rohde Hansen
- Tobias Skog
Telavåg agents
- Emil Gustav Hvaal (codename Anchor)
- Arne Vaerum (codename Penguin)
References
- ^ Bolstad, Erik (ed.). "Kompani Linge". Store norske leksikon (in Norwegian). Oslo: Norsk nettleksikon. Retrieved 13 January 2017.
- ^ Ruggeri, Amanda (12 January 2017). "The surprising place where WWII agents learnt to fight Nazis". BBC. Retrieved 13 January 2017.
- ^ a b Engesæter, Olaug. "Kompani Linge". Digitalskolen (in Norwegian). University of Bergen. Archived from the original on 23 March 2018. Retrieved 13 January 2017.
- ^ "Motstandsmannen August Rathke er død". 26 November 2022.
Sources
- Jensen, Erling; Ratvik, Per; Ulstein, Ragnar (1995) Kompani Linge (Oslo: LibriArte) ISBN 82-445-0057-3
- Manus, Max (1995) Mitt liv (N.W. Damm) ISBN 978-82-517-9399-5