Joseph Robinson may refer to:

• Joseph Robinson (loyalist) (c. 1742–1807), judge and politician in Prince Edward Island prior to the confederation of present-day Canada
• Joseph Robinson (composer) (1815–1898), Irish composer, conductor, and teacher
• Joseph Robinson (Australian politician) (c. 1815–1848), whaler, banker, and politician in New South Wales prior to the federation of present-day Australia
• Joseph Robinson (oboist) (born 1940), American oboist
• Sir Joseph Robinson, 1st Baronet (1840–1929), South African mining magnate
• Joseph Armitage Robinson (1858–1933), Dean of Westminster and Wells
• Joseph Taylor Robinson (1872–1937), Democratic United States politician from Arkansas who served in both houses of the United States Congress
• Joseph R. Robinson (1939–2006), American pharmacy academic
• Joseph Robinson (priest) (1927–1999), Anglican priest, Canon of Canterbury and Master of the Temple
• Juice Robinson (Joseph Ryan Robinson, born 1989), American professional wrestler

• Joe Robinson (disambiguation)