James M. Baker may refer to:

• James M. Baker (mayor) (born 1942), mayor of Wilmington, Delaware from 2001 to 2013
• James M. Baker (Virginia politician) (1845–1927), member of the Virginia House of Delegates
• James Marion Baker (1861–1940), 11th Secretary of the United States Senate
• James McNair Baker (1821–1892), American jurist and politician in the Confederate Senate during Civil War
• James Mitchell Baker (1878–1956), South African Olympic runner