"Democracy Manifest" (also known as "Succulent Chinese Meal", amongst other names) is an October 1991 Australian news segment video by reporter Chris Reason. The Guardian, in 2019, called it "perhaps the pre-eminent Australian meme of the past 10 years".^[1] YouTube has several postings of the video with more than a million views each.^[2]

The video shows a man being arrested by Australian police at a Chinese restaurant. As the police forcibly detain him, he remarks in a loud and stentorian^[3][4] tone, "Gentlemen, this is democracy manifest!", "What is the charge? Eating a meal? A succulent Chinese meal?", "Get your hand off my penis!", and after an aborted attempt by a police officer to headlock him, "I see that you know your judo well."

The video was made on 11 October 1991,^[4] but it was not uploaded to the Internet until 2009. A mystery developed about who the man was and what the incident involved, with theories centring on Hungarian chess player Paul Charles Dozsa, known for his dine-and-dash exploits. In 2020, an Australian man, later identified as Jack Karlson, appeared in a music video by Australian punk rock band The Chats and revealed himself as the man in the now-viral 1991 video.^[5] Karlson, who had been a serial prison escapee, was arrested for credit card fraud by the Queensland Police Service.^[6]

The video shows a man, unidentified at the time, being escorted by police out of a Brisbane Chinese restaurant into a waiting police car.^[7] He says, "You just assured me that I could speak." He is clearly agitated by this situation, and when told he is being placed under arrest he exclaims, "I am under what?" As police try to wrestle him into the car, the man says, "Gentlemen, this is democracy manifest."^[7] As he is being forced inside the car, he says, "Have a look at the headlock here." As the scuffle continues, he exclaims: "See that chap over there ..." , and then he suddenly shouts, "Get your hand off my penis!^[7][8] This is the bloke who got me on the penis, people."^[6] And, as he is being handcuffed, he asks: "Why did you do this to me? For what reason? What is the charge? Eating a meal? A succulent Chinese meal?"^[7] As the police struggle to restrain the man, he says: "Ooh, that's a nice headlock, sir", and then states, "Ah, yes. I see that you know your judo well. Good one." He is then forced into the car, feet first, while asking someone inside the vehicle: "And you, sir, are you waiting to receive my limp penis?", "How dare ... get your hands off me",^[6] and then bidding bystanders "ta ta and farewell".^[6]

The video was taped by then-freshman reporter Chris Reason at Seven News.^[7] Reason's reporting said that the man was arrested in a case of mistaken identity ("the police thought they'd caught Queensland's most wanted"). Other later sources said he was a dine and dasher, or an international criminal, while officer Dean Biron who attended the scene recalled he was wanted on 19 counts of fraud and receiving stolen goods worth $70,000.^[4] The man gave his name as Cecil George Edwards, but he had also been identified by aliases including Johann Kelmut Karlson and Cecil Gerry Edwards.^[7][9] The clip remained obscure until a raw video version was uploaded to the internet in January 2009 and became an immediate viral video.^[1] The raw footage was missing Reason's voice-over explaining who the man was, or what the incident was about, and internet speculation attempted to resolve the mystery.^[10]

Theories about the man's identity centered on Paul Charles Dozsa, a Hungarian chess player and notorious dine-and-dasher,^{[11][12][13][14]} but there were also serious doubts about this theory. Observers asked why the arrest was filmed from so many angles, why it was filmed at all and why the allegedly Hungarian man did not sound Hungarian. Friends, family and acquaintances of Dozsa also stated that the man in the video was not Dozsa.^{[15][16][17][18][19]} Other theories included that the man was politician John Bartlett, the video was a skit from an unidentified television show, or that the man was a real dine-and-dasher named Gregory John Ziegler.^[20]

The mystery of the man's identity continued until 2020, when Australian punk band The Chats published a music video titled "Dine 'N Dash" that re-created the viral video with an older man acting the part of the arrestee.^[21][5] The actor then identified himself in an interview with Sydney Morning Herald as "Cecil George Edwards", the man in the viral video; he was now going by the name of "Jack K". Asked why he made such a show during the arrest, he said he wanted to appear crazy so he might be placed into an asylum where it would be easier to escape. It was also revealed he had an artistic career making paintings, including some of the arrest.^[7] That same year, a man only identified as "Mr Democracy Manifest" was interviewed in a video regarding the incident for Sportsbet.^[22] In 2021, Seven News covered the story of the arrest, interviewing both Chris Reason and the man arrested in the original video, who only gave his name as Jack. When asked for his surname, he jokingly replied "it depends which one you want".^[9]

The video in fact depicts Jack Peter Karlson^[23] (born Cecil George Edwards; 1942 – 7 August 2024)^[24] being arrested for paying for a Chinese meal with a purportedly stolen credit card. He was being followed by an American Express investigator who identified him as a credit card fraudster and called the police.^[3] The incident took place at the China Sea Restaurant on 11 Duncan Street, Fortitude Valley. The restaurant has since relocated to Milton.^[25]

Karlson began a lifelong career of petty crime in 1956 as a ward of Blackheath Presbyterian Boys' Home in the Brisbane suburb of Oxley, where he alleged to have been subjected to physical and sexual abuse.^[24] He was in prison for much of the first half of his life and frequently escaped. In prison, he said he met Jim McNeil and encouraged him to write plays about his prison experience, which became famous throughout Australia. According to Karlson, they remained friends until McNeil's death in 1982.^[26]

The Radio National programme Earshot broadcast an hour-long biographical documentary on the incident in January 2022.^[27] In June 2022, academic Dean Biron, who was one of the arresting officers accused in the "Get your hands off my penis" part of the video, wrote an article about the incident. Biron gave his version of events, such as why the police were making the arrest, stating that, contrary to other reports made, it was not considered a major case. Biron said that after the arrest, the man — who had used the Edwards alias — was held in police custody and then released on bail overnight, and disappeared until his "15 minutes of fame" in 2020, "somehow scrubbed clean of that pesky past".^[4]

In 2023, true crime author Mark Dapin published a biography of Karlson titled Carnage: A Succulent Chinese Meal, Mr. Rent-a-Kill and the Australian Manson Murders. He interviewed Karlson and followed leads to other crimes and criminals.^[24][28][29]

Karlson died from prostate cancer on 7 August 2024, at the age of 82.^[30][31]

Terry Barnes wrote in The Spectator that when Karlson said "succulent Chinese meal" he was certainly being facetious; "Australian suburban Chinese cafés are legendary for their cheap but bland and tasteless food."^[3]

Karlson later explained the meaning of Democracy Manifest as judgement by the people, through the media, saying, "Here's an opportunity to prove my innocence, because they've dragged me out, thinking I was some sort of international gangster, when I knew that I wasn't. Here's a chance, the camera, for the people of Australia and to let democracy manifest itself gloriously. That's why I carried on like that."^[31]

Terry Barnes noted that Karlson had become something of an online folk hero in Australia for resisting the police in a case of heavy-handed overreach, a theme which resonated with the public during the COVID-19 years which saw lockdowns and perceived harsh authoritarian responses; "for a time, we were all Jack Karlson", suggesting that this was key to Karlson's popularity.^[3]

Since being uploaded to YouTube in 2009, the video has become a viral hit in Australian culture.^[7] When Australian activist Julian Assange was arrested at the Ecuadorian Embassy in London in 2019, comparisons were made between both respective arrests and "it didn't take long for Aussies to all make the same joke".^[32]

Mac Miller (under his production alias Larry Fisherman) sampled the video in his 2015 instrumental mixtape Run-On Sentences, Volume Two.^[33] In 2019, an orchestral soundtrack to the footage was performed at a Sydney opera centre.^[34]

Australian horse racing trainer Chris Waller trains "Democracy Manifest", a horse owned by Steve Allam,^[35] most notable for winning the $150,000 Catanach Jewellers Handicap at Randwick Racecourse on 15 April 2023.^[36]

The video is alluded to in the 2023 film Napoleon, in one scene of which Jean-François-Auguste Moulin is arrested and protests, "I am enjoying a succulent breakfast!"^[37][38][39]

In the month before Karlson died, he and one of his arresting officers had been speaking with Australian media to promote a new documentary about the incident, titled The Man Who Ate a Succulent Chinese Meal, directed by Heath Davis.^[3]

A November 25, 2024 episode of What We Do in the Shadows (the U.S. television series originally based on the New Zealand film of the same name) referenced the meme, with the vampire Laszlo Cravensworth, played by Matt Berry, offering another character a "succulent Chinese meal" in stentorian tones similar to Karlson's.^[40]

• Video of Karlson's arrest
• The Chats music video with a reenactment of the Democracy Manifest video (5 March 2020)
• Paul Charles Dozsa's Democracy Manifest Video, (April 2019) Know Your Meme
• Mr. Democracy Manifest. Archived 28 March 2020 at the Wayback Machine

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