Hinduism in Cambodia
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 Thommanon temple in Siem Reap Province. | |
| Religions | |
|---|---|
| Hinduism Majority: Vaishnavism Minority: Shaivism | |
| Languages | |
| Sacred Sanskrit Majority Khmer, Hindi, Punjabi, Cham and Tamil |
| Hinduism by country |
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| Full list |
Hinduism is a minority religion in Cambodia which is followed by about 1,000 to 15,000 individuals. Even being a small minority in the Buddhist majority nation it highly influences the vast culture and history of Cambodia with being prominent religion under the Khmer Empire. Today most of the Cambodian Hindus are Indians in Cambodia. Cambodia had always been a Buddhist nation since its conception, but before its independence from French Indochina, it had a significant Hindu minority, and several hundred years before that, it had been the most dominant religion in Cambodia as well as Southeast Asia.
History
Hinduism has been said to be present in Cambodia from c. 500 AD through the trade routes and networks by traders from India and expansion of Greater India.[1] Hindu culture is said to have influenced the Cambodia and had been an important part of the Funan polity with Indosphere and it was characterised as: "high population and urban centers, the production of surplus food...socio-political stratification [and] legitimized by Indian religious ideologies".[2] There was also present of Purohita for the religious traditions and customs with mention of the land as 'Kambujadesha'.[3] Many Hindu cults were established with the patronisation of Hinduism in the Chenla Kingdom.
After the formation of Khmer Empire, the founder Jayavarman II in the 9th-century titled him as 'Devaraja' and declared as himself as 'Chakravartin' as per Hindu rituals, Hinduism was at the peak with construction of many Hindu temple in Khmer architecture and Sanskrit was used as sacred language.[4] Hinduism was at the peak under the Khmer Empire and was the official religion of the state, until the 14th-century after the conversion of the royal family to Theravada Buddhism and slowly causing the decline of the Hindu population in country replaced by Buddhism from Shaivism.[5]
Angkor Wat, one of the largest temple complexes in the world, was built in the 12th century by King Suryavarman II, and it was dedicated to Lord Vishnu, one of the principal deities of Hinduism.
See also
References
- ^ "Cambodian History | Cambodia Tribunal Monitor". cambodiatribunal.org. Retrieved 2022-08-06.
- ^ Stark, Miriam (2003). "Chapter III: Angkor Borei and the Archaeology of Cambodia's Mekong Delta" (PDF). Orchid Press. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2015-09-23. Retrieved 2022-08-06.
- ^ Puri, Baij Nath (1958). "BRAHMANISM IN ANCIENT KAMBUJADEŚA". Proceedings of the Indian History Congress. 21: 95–101. ISSN 2249-1937. JSTOR 44145174.
- ^ Chandler, David (2008). A History of Cambodia. Boulder, Colorado: Westview Press. p. 39.
- ^ Dagens, Bruno (1995). Angkor: Heart of an Asian Empire. Thames & Hudson. ISBN 978-0-500-30054-1.
