Henry Dawson may refer to:

• Henry Dawson (cricketer) (1791–1889), amateur English cricketer
• Henry Dawson (artist) (1811–1878), English landscape painter
• Henry B. Dawson (1821–1889), English-born American historian
• Henry Gordon Dawson (1862–1918), Irish mathematician
• Henry Dawson (priest) (1792–1840), Church of Ireland priest and antiquarian
• Henry Hardwick Dawson (1900–1962), English architect based in Nottingham
• Henry Ward Dawson (1890–1963), American tennis player
• Henry Dawson (Australian politician) (1849–1919), New South Wales colonial politician
• Henry Dawson (MP), member of parliament for Cumberland

• Harry Dawson (disambiguation)
• Henry Dawson-Damer, 3rd Earl of Portarlington (1822–1889), Irish peer