Ernst Brand (2 January 1827 in Feuchtwangen – 7 March 1897 in Stettin) was a German physician, known for his development of hydrotherapy (cold bath treatment) in the treatment of typhoid fever.^[1]

From 1845 to 1851 he studied medicine at the University of Erlangen, during which time he worked as a clinical assistant to Karl Friedrich Canstatt. In 1851 he received his doctorate with a dissertation-thesis on pyloric stenosis, and following graduation he undertook a study trip to Vienna, Paris and London. After completing the Prussian state exam he settled into a medical practice in Stettin.^[2]

• "Brand method": For the treatment of typhoid fever. A regimen of giving baths in water at room temperature or lower every three hours. Process continued for as long as the rectal temperature is greater than 103°.^[3]

• Über Diabetes, 1849 – On diabetes.
• Die Stenose des Pylorus vom pathologisch- anatomischen Standpunkte aus geschildert (dissertation), 1851 – The stenosis of the pylorus from a pathological point of view.
• Die Hydrotherapie des Typhus, 1861 – Hydrotherapy for typhus.
• Zur Hydrotherapie des Typhus, Bericht über in St Petersburg, Stettin und Luxemburg hydriatrisch behandelte Fälle, 1863 – On hydrotherapy for typhus. Report on Saint Petersburg, Stettin and Luxembourg hydriatic-treated cases.
• Die Heilung des Typhus, 1868 – Healing therapy for typhus.
• Die Wasserbehandlung der typhösen Fieber, Abdominal- und Flecktyphus, 1877 – Water treatment of typhoid fever (abdominal and typhus).^[4][5]