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Edenham

Edenham
Remains of an Anglo-Saxon cross in Edenham churchyard, supported by newer blocks
Edenham is located in Lincolnshire
Edenham
Edenham
Location within Lincolnshire
Population291 (2011)
OS grid referenceTF061218
• London90 mi (140 km) S
Civil parish
  • Edenham
District
Shire county
Region
CountryEngland
Sovereign stateUnited Kingdom
Post townBOURNE
Postcode districtPE10
Dialling code01778
PoliceLincolnshire
FireLincolnshire
AmbulanceEast Midlands
UK Parliament
List of places
UK
England
Lincolnshire
52°47′02″N 0°25′40″W / 52.7840°N 0.4278°W / 52.7840; -0.4278
Edenham civil parish

Edenham (/ˈɛdənəm/ ED-ən-əm) is a village and civil parish in the South Kesteven district of Lincolnshire, England. It is approximately 3 miles (5 km) north-west of Bourne, and on the A151 road. While the civil parish is called 'Edenham',[1] the parish council is called Edenham, Grimsthorpe, Elsthorpe & Scottlethorpe Parish Council.[2] The population of the civil parish at the 2011 census was 291.[3]

Geology

The parish is principally in the valley of the East Glen which flows through the village.

The broad valley is incised into a gently sloping and much dissected plateau of glacial till which is more graphically described by the older term, boulder clay. The till caps the ridges to either side, the one clothed by the Bourne Woods and the other by the park of Grimsthorpe Castle. All the solid geology is Jurassic. The valley sides are of Kellaways clay, Kellaways sand and Oxford clay while its bottom is of cornbrash and Blisworth clay. In the south and west of the parish are much greater exposures of this solid geology with extensive areas of Blisworth Limestone and the Upper Estuarine Series. In the valley, there are also strips of alluvium and patches of glacial sand and gravel.[4]

Although Grimsthorpe Castle is on higher ground to the west, the village of Grimsthorpe shares the geology of the rest of the parish.[5]

Constituent settlements in the parish

The main village is:

The parish includes a number of outlying hamlets:

The parish is associated with two lost settlements:

Administration

Once part of the Beltisloe Wapentake in Kesteven, the parish is now part of South Kesteven District. Its obligations under the 19th century poor law were undertaken by the Bourne Poor Law Union from 1835 onwards.[10]

The present electoral arrangements are as follows:[11]

The ecclesiastical parish[15][16] follows the same boundaries, and is part of the Deanery of Beltisloe,[17] preserving the wapentake boundaries.

History

The Edenham name derives from the Anglo-Saxon ham, meaning 'homestead'. The rest of the name probably derives from dene, a 'vale in woodland' and ea, 'river', though 'Eada's homestead' and 'Eada's hemmed-in-land' have also been suggested.[18] The river East Glen which flows through it is sometimes called the 'Eden' by a process of back-formation from the name of the village.

Edenham appears in the Domesday Book as having 32 villagers, 4 smallholders, 24 freemen, 5 lord's plough teams, and 9 men's plough teams, with 400 acres (1.6 km2) of woodland and 29 acres of meadow.[19]

The parish was the site of the Cistercian abbey of Vaudey, founded in 1147 by William le Gros, 1st Earl of Albemarle. It was dissolved during the 1536 Suppression.[20]

Documents of 1307 mention the existence in Edenham of "a hospital".[21]

Since 1516 parish land and villages have been owned by the de Eresby family of Grimsthorpe Castle. This major ancestral seat 2 miles (3.2 km) to the north-west of the village influenced Edenham's estate village character. The de Eresby barony has continued in an unbroken line since 1313, and heads of the family have been Earls and Dukes of Ancaster and the Earl of Lindsey.[citation needed]

The 19th-century Baron Willoughby de Eresby built the Edenham and Little Bytham Railway which connected the village to the East Coast Main Line at Little Bytham.[22] Apart from crossing a road in near Little Bytham station, it ran exclusively on his estate.

The Australian poet and novelist Frederic Manning stayed at the vicarage with the Reverend Arthur Galton after he arrived in the country in 1903. He returned there after the First World War and began writing The Middle Parts of Fortune (republished in an expurgated version under the title Her Privates We).

Community

8th-century stone roundel in the south aisle of the church
Village sign in Edenham

The Grade I listed[23] Church of England parish church retains some Anglo-Saxon fabric. The Anglo-Saxon church was dedicated to the 'Holy Cross', but the dedication is now to St Michael, or St Michael and all Angels. It has an angel roof, the beams supported on the back of carved and painted angels.[23] As the parish church of the Grimsthorpe estate, it was the burial place of many of the de Eresby family with impressive monuments. Seven family monuments were moved from St Matthew's church in Normanton, Rutland in 1972[23] when that church was affected by the construction of Rutland Water.

The ecclesiastical parish is Edenham. The church is part of the Edenham with Witham on the Hill Group of the Beltisloe Deanery of the Diocese of Lincoln. The 2013 incumbent is Rev Canon Andrew Hawes.[24]

The vicarage, unlike many vicarages and rectories in rural parishes, has never been sold to a private buyer. It remains the spiritual centre of three parishes and eight small villages, and is run by the Diocese of Lincoln as a retreat house for contemplation and prayer.[25]

A cedar tree overhangs the road from the churchyard, and nearby are the remains of an Anglo-Saxon cross, a Grade II listed building[26] and Scheduled Monument.[27]

The village Church of England primary school, also a Grade II listed building,[28] has a roll of just over one hundred pupils.[29]

Businesses

Apart from agricultural employers, businesses in the village include The Five Bells public house, an agricultural dealer and the local school. The coal merchant and post office have closed.

References

  1. ^ "Edenham". Mapit. Retrieved 12 August 2018.
  2. ^ "Parish council details". 2 April 2022.
  3. ^ "Civil Parish population 2011". Neighbourhood Statistics. Office for National Statistics. Retrieved 16 May 2016.
  4. ^ Institute of Geological Sciences Geological Maps of England and Wales One-Inch Series Sheet 143 (1967)
  5. ^ "BGS map mashup of geological information". Archived from the original on 27 July 2011. – can be zoomed to show the villages
  6. ^ a b Historic England. "Elsthorpe (348468)". Research records (formerly PastScape). Retrieved 10 April 2010.
  7. ^ Domesday Survey. Aislestorp
  8. ^ a b Historic England. "Southorpe (348516)". Research records (formerly PastScape). Retrieved 15 February 2011.
  9. ^ Domesday Survey. Sudthorp
  10. ^ "Private web site dealling with history of the Bourne poor law union". Retrieved 15 February 2011.[permanent dead link‍]
  11. ^ "Unofficial web site simmarising local representatives". Retrieved 15 February 2011.
  12. ^ Maureen Spencer-Gregson OBE
  13. ^ "Martin Hill OBE". Archived from the original on 8 November 2016. Retrieved 12 August 2018.
  14. ^ "Mr Nicholas Boles". 9 June 2010. Archived from the original on 9 June 2010. Retrieved 6 April 2020.
  15. ^ "Ecclesiastical parish details". Archived from the original on 16 July 2011. Retrieved 15 February 2011.
  16. ^ "Ecclesiastical parish web site". Retrieved 15 February 2011.
  17. ^ "Deanery details, Diocesan web site". Archived from the original on 16 July 2011. Retrieved 15 February 2011.
  18. ^ "Notes about the place name". Archived from the original on 30 January 2010.
  19. ^ "Modern map-based Domesday extracts". Archived from the original on 13 March 2012. Retrieved 15 February 2011.
  20. ^ Cox, J. Charles (1916) Lincolnshire p. 120; Methuen & Co. Ltd
  21. ^ Historic England. "Hospital (1345164)". Research records (formerly PastScape). Retrieved 4 July 2010.
  22. ^ Pearson, R.E. & Ruddock, J.G. Lord Willoughby's Railway the Edenham Branch (1986) ISBN 0-9511656-0-7 [page needed]
  23. ^ a b c Historic England. "Church of St. Michael and All Angels (Grade I) (1146587)". National Heritage List for England. Retrieved 21 July 2016.
  24. ^ "Edenham P C C". Archived from the original on 16 July 2011., Diocese of Lincoln
  25. ^ "Web site for Edenham Regional House (vicarage)". Archived from the original on 19 June 2010.
  26. ^ Historic England. "Churchyard cross 5 metres south west of Church of St. Michael (Grade II) (1146650)". National Heritage List for England. Retrieved 21 July 2016.
  27. ^ Historic England. "Churchyard cross, St Michael's churchyard (1009202)". National Heritage List for England. Retrieved 21 July 2016.
  28. ^ Historic England. "Primary School (Grade II) (1062832)". National Heritage List for England. Retrieved 25 July 2016.
  29. ^ "School Web Site".
Quelle: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Edenham