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David Finkelstein

David Finkelstein
Finkelstein in 1984
Born(1929-07-19)July 19, 1929
New York City, US
DiedJanuary 24, 2016(2016-01-24) (aged 86)
Atlanta, Georgia, US
Alma materMassachusetts Institute of Technology
Scientific career
InstitutionsGeorgia Institute of Technology
Yeshiva University
Thesis Non-linear meson theory of nuclear forces  (1953)
Doctoral advisorFelix Villars

David Ritz Finkelstein (July 19, 1929 – January 24, 2016) was an emeritus professor of physics at the Georgia Institute of Technology.[1][2]

Biography

Born in New York City, Finkelstein obtained his Ph.D. in physics at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology in 1953 and taught at Stevens Institute of Technology through 1960, while he also held a Ford Foundation Fellowship at the European Organization for Nuclear Research from 1959 to 1960.[3] From 1964 to 1976, he was professor of physics at Yeshiva University. He became a member of the faculty at Georgia Tech in 1980.

David Finkelstein was the first, in 1958, who identified Schwarzschild's solution of the Einstein field equations as corresponding to a region in space from which nothing escapes.[4][5] In 1959, Finkelstein and Charles W. Misner found the gravitational kink, a topological defect in the gravitational metric, whose quantum theory could exhibit spin 1/2.[6] The simplest kink exhibited an easily understood event horizon that led him to recognize the one in the Schwarzschild metric and eliminate its coordinate singularity. In essence, Finkelstein determined that whatever falls past the Schwarzschild radius into a black hole cannot escape it; the membrane is one-directional. This important work influenced the decisions of Roger Penrose and John Archibald Wheeler to accept the physical existence of event horizons and black holes.[7]

Most of Finkelstein's work is directed toward a quantum theory of space-time structure. He early on accepted the conclusion of John von Neumann that anomalies of quantum mechanical measurement are anomalies of the logic of quantum mechanical systems. Therefore, he formed quantum analogues of set theory, the standard language for classical space-time structures, and proposed that space-time is a quantum set of space-time quanta dubbed "chronons", a form of quantum computer with spins for quantum bits, as a quantum version of the cellular automaton of von Neumann. His early quantum space-times proving unphysical, he later studied chronons with a regularized form of Bose–Einstein statistics due to Tchavdar D. Palev.[8]

He investigated ball lightning with Julio Rubinstein[9] and James R. Powell.[10][11] They concluded that ball lightning is most likely a wandering St. Elmo's fire, a low-temperature soliton in the atmospheric electric current flow.

He also put forward an in-depth interpretation of the engraving Melencolia I of Albrecht Dürer.[12]

Finkelstein died from idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis in Atlanta on January 24, 2016, aged 86.[1][2][13][14]

Universal relativity

Influenced by his discussions of Buddhist philosophy at the Mind and Life dialogues, Finkelstein developed a philosophical theory of "universal relativity" which he thought might help advance physics. According to Finkelstein:[15]

The Buddhist principle that all is empty is understood by some as the principle that all is relative (Thurman 1993). This universal relativity principle is more embracing though less structured than Einstein’s general relativity principle, which still admits many absolutes. The major changes in physics in this century have been extensions of relativity at one level or another, and I think a further extension is due, at an even deeper level of physics than the previous. Philosophical inquiry has aided such extensions before, and it could do so again. A philosophical argument for a universal relativity could be a useful guide for future physics.

Books

  • David Ritz Finkelstein: Quantum relativity: a synthesis of the ideas of Einstein and Heisenberg, Springer, 1996; 2012 pbk reprint of 1996 1st edition ISBN 978-3-642-64612-6
  • David Ritz Finkelstein, J. M. Jauch: Notes on quaternion quantum mechanics, CERN, 1959
  • Charles Maisonnier, David Ritz Finkelstein: Beam intensity limitation in neutralized space charge betatrons, CERN, 1959
  • David Ritz Finkelstein: Non-linear meson theory of nuclear forces, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, 1952

Television shows

See also

References

  1. ^ a b Cvitanović, Predrag; Susskind, Leonard (2017). "David Ritz Finkelstein". Physics Today. 70 (2): 68–69. Bibcode:2017PhT....70b..68C. doi:10.1063/pt.3.3472.
  2. ^ a b Aria Ritz Finkelstein (2022). "David Ritz Finkelstein (July 19, 1929 - January 24, 2016) Biography". davidritzfinkelstein.com. Retrieved 2022-03-11.
  3. ^ "David Finkelstein's homepage". Georgia Tech. Archived from the original on 13 September 2011. Retrieved 12 June 2015.
  4. ^ Finkelstein, David (1958). "Past-future asymmetry of the gravitational field of a point particle". Physical Review. 110 (4): 965–967. Bibcode:1958PhRv..110..965F. doi:10.1103/PhysRev.110.965.
  5. ^ Bob Coecke (2016-02-16). "David Ritz Finkelstein (1929 - 2016)". FQXi BLOGS. The Foundational Questions Institute (FQXi). Retrieved 2022-03-11.
  6. ^ Finkelstein, David; Misner, Charles W. (1959). "Some new conservation laws". Annals of Physics. 6 (3): 230–243. Bibcode:1959AnPhy...6..230F. CiteSeerX 10.1.1.37.3327. doi:10.1016/0003-4916(59)90080-6.
  7. ^ Overbye, Dennis (2008). "John A. Wheeler, Physicist Who Coined the Term 'Black Hole,' Is Dead at 96". The New York Times. Retrieved 2022-03-11.
  8. ^ Finkelstein, David Ritz (2013). "Palev statistics and the chronon". In Dobrev, Vladimir (ed.). Lie Theory and Its Applications in Physics. Springer Proceedings in Mathematics & Statistics. Vol. 36. Tokyo: Springer. pp. 25–38. arXiv:1201.1597. doi:10.1007/978-4-431-54270-4_3. ISBN 978-4-431-54270-4. S2CID 58945899.
  9. ^ Finkelstein, David; Rubinstein, Julio (1964). "Ball lightning". Physical Review. 135 (2): A390–A396. Bibcode:1964PhRv..135..390F. doi:10.1103/PhysRev.135.A390.
  10. ^ Finkelstein, David; Powell, James R. (1970). "Earthquake lightning". Nature. 228 (5273): 759–760. Bibcode:1970Natur.228..759F. doi:10.1038/228759a0. PMID 16058686. S2CID 4248535.
  11. ^ Finkelstein, David; Powell, James R. (1970). "Ball Lightning: Less well known than stroke lightning, ball lightning is about as frequent and can be simulated in the laboratory". American Scientist. 58 (3): 262–280. JSTOR 27829081.
  12. ^ Finkelstein, David Ritz (2006-02-27). "MELENCOLIA I: The physics of Albrecht Duerer". arXiv:physics/0602185.
  13. ^ "David Finkelstein Obituary - Atlanta, GA". Atlanta Journal-Constitution.
  14. ^ "Obituary: Physicist David Finkelstein, 86". Atlanta Jewish Times. 2016-01-25. Retrieved 2021-04-12.
  15. ^ Finkelstein, David (2003). "Emptiness and relativity". In Wallace, B. Alan (ed.). Buddhism and Science: Breaking New Ground. New York: Columbia University Press. pp. 365–386. CiteSeerX 10.1.1.68.4935. ISBN 9780231123358. OCLC 756510558. S2CID 14908829.
Quelle: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/David_Finkelstein