39°25′N 22°34′E / 39.417°N 22.567°E / 39.417; 22.567 Cynoscephalae (Ancient Greek: Κυνὸς κεφαλαί, meaning "dog's heads") was the name of a range of hills in ancient Thessaly, a little to the south of Scotussa, in whose territory they were situated. They are described by Polybius as rugged, broken, and of considerable height;^[1] and are memorable as the scene of two battles: Battle of Cynoscephalae (364 BC), between the Thebans and Alexander of Pherae, in which Pelopidas was slain; and Battle of Cynoscephalae (197 BC), of still greater celebrity, in which Philip V of Macedon was defeated by the Roman consul Titus Quinctius Flamininus.^{[2][3][4][5][6]}

 This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Smith, William, ed. (1854–1857). "Cynoscephalae". Dictionary of Greek and Roman Geography. London: John Murray.