Count of Olivença, (Portuguese: Conde de Olivença) was a Portuguese title of nobility created by a royal decree, on 21 July 1424, by King Afonso V of Portugal, and granted to Dom Rodrigo Afonso of Melo.

He was the sole count of this title. His daughter and heir, Dona Filipa de Melo, married Álvaro of Braganza. From this marriage descends the House of Cadaval.

• Rodrigo Afonso de Melo, Count of Olivença (c.1430-1487)

• List of countships in Portugal

• Genealogy of the Count of Olivença, in Portuguese

• "Nobreza de Portugal e do Brasil" – Vol. III, page 78. Published by Zairol Lda., Lisbon 1989.