Chlamydia muridarum
| Chlamydia muridarum | |
|---|---|
Scientific classification 
| |
| Domain: | Bacteria |
| Phylum: | Chlamydiota |
| Class: | Chlamydiia |
| Order: | Chlamydiales |
| Family: | Chlamydiaceae |
| Genus: | Chlamydia |
| Species: | C. muridarum |
| Binomial name | |
| Chlamydia muridarum Everett et al., 1999[1] | |
Chlamydia muridarum is an intracellular bacterial species that at one time belonged to Chlamydia trachomatis. However, C. trachomatis naturally only infects humans and C. muridarum naturally infects only members of the family Muridae (includes both mice and hamsters, Alderton, 1996).
Two strains of Chlamydia muridarum, MoPn (originally named Nigg) and SFPD,[2] have been isolated from mice and hamsters. Glycogen production by both strains has been demonstrated. The chromosome and extrachromosomal plasmid of MoPn have been sequenced.
Chlamydia muridarum MoPn binds mAbs recognizing Chlamydia trachomatis MOMP vs4 core epitope (T) LNPT (IA).[3] DNA sequence analysis indicates that these mAbs should recognize SFPD and that Chlamydia trachomatis B-serogroup mAbs specific for the vs4 epitope IAGAG should recognize SFPD.[4] MoPn was isolated in 1942 from the lungs of asymptomatic albino Swiss mice and was subsequently shown to be capable of producing disease in mice.[5] SFPD was obtained from a hamster, concurrent with a causative agent of proliferative ileitis. MoPn has been shown to be sensitive to sulfadiazine. In contrast to Chlamydia trachomatis, Chlamydia muridarum lacks a tryptophan operon.[6] Due to this, Chlamydia muridarum responds to interferon gamma (IFN-γ) differently than Chlamydia trachomatis, which effects the degree to which the two different Chlamydia strains are inhibited in infected mice and humans, respectively.[7][8]
Genome structure
The genome of several strains has been sequenced.[9]
References
- ^ Everett, K. D. E.; Bush, R. M.; Andersen, A. A. (1999). "Emended description of the order Chlamydiales, proposal of Parachlamydiaceae fam. nov. and Simkaniaceae fam. nov., each containing one monotypic genus, revised taxonomy of the family Chlamydiaceae, including a new genus and five new species, and standards for the identification of organisms". International Journal of Systematic Bacteriology. 49 (2): 415–440. doi:10.1099/00207713-49-2-415. ISSN 0020-7713. PMID 10319462.
- ^ Zhang, YX.; Fox, JG.; Ho, Y.; Zhang, L.; Stills, HF.; Smith, TF. (Nov 1993). "Comparison of the major outer-membrane protein (MOMP) gene of mouse pneumonitis (MoPn) and hamster SFPD strains of Chlamydia trachomatis with other Chlamydia strains". Mol Biol Evol. 10 (6): 1327–42. doi:10.1093/oxfordjournals.molbev.a040079. PMID 8277858.
- ^ Peterson, EM.; Cheng, X.; Markoff, BA.; Fielder, TJ.; de la Maza, LM. (Nov 1991). "Functional and structural mapping of Chlamydia trachomatis species-specific major outer membrane protein epitopes by use of neutralizing monoclonal antibodies". Infect Immun. 59 (11): 4147–53. doi:10.1128/IAI.59.11.4147-4153.1991. PMC 259009. PMID 1718870.
- ^ Batteiger, BE.; Lin, PM.; Jones, RB.; Van Der Pol, BJ. (Jul 1996). "Species-, serogroup-, and serovar-specific epitopes are juxtaposed in variable sequence region 4 of the major outer membrane proteins of some Chlamydia trachomatis serovars". Infect Immun. 64 (7): 2839–41. doi:10.1128/IAI.64.7.2839-2841.1996. PMC 174151. PMID 8698520.
- ^ Nigg, C. (Jan 1942). "An Unidentified Virus Which Produces Pneumonia and Systemic Infection in Mice". Science. 95 (2454): 49–50. Bibcode:1942Sci....95...49N. doi:10.1126/science.95.2454.49-a. PMID 17773453. S2CID 34446808.
- ^ Farris, Christina M.; Morrison, Richard P. (Mar 2011). Andrews-Polymenis, H. L. (ed.). "Vaccination against Chlamydia Genital Infection Utilizing the Murine C. muridarum Model". Infection and Immunity. 79 (3): 986–996. doi:10.1128/IAI.00881-10. ISSN 0019-9567. PMC 3067520. PMID 21078844.
- ^ Farris, Christina M.; Morrison, Richard P. (Mar 2011). Andrews-Polymenis, H. L. (ed.). "Vaccination against Chlamydia Genital Infection Utilizing the Murine C. muridarum Model". Infection and Immunity. 79 (3): 986–996. doi:10.1128/IAI.00881-10. ISSN 0019-9567. PMC 3067520. PMID 21078844.
- ^ Molecular Medical Microbiology. Elsevier. 2015. doi:10.1016/c2010-1-67744-9. ISBN 9780123971692.
- ^ Read TD, et al. (2000). "Genome sequences of Chlamydia trachomatis MoPn and Chlamydia pneumoniae AR39". Nucleic Acids Res. 28 (6): 1397–406. doi:10.1093/nar/28.6.1397. PMC 111046. PMID 10684935.
Further reading
- Caldwell, Harlan D.; Sturdevant, Gail L. (October 2014). "Innate immunity is sufficient for the clearance of Chlamydia trachomatis from the female mouse genital tract". Pathogens and Disease. 72 (1): 70–73. doi:10.1111/2049-632X.12164. PMC 4152394. PMID 24585717.
- Campbell, Jessica; Huang, Yumeng; Liu, Yuanjun; Schenken, Robert; Arulanandam, Bernard; Zhong, Guangming (July 1, 2014). "Bioluminescence Imaging of Chlamydia muridarum Ascending Infection in Mice". PLOS ONE. 9 (7): e101634. Bibcode:2014PLoSO...9j1634C. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0101634. PMC 4077820. PMID 24983626.