Charles Hamilton may refer to:

• Charles Hamilton, 5th Earl of Abercorn (died 1701), Scottish peer
• Charles Hamilton, 5th Earl of Haddington (1650–1685), Scottish nobleman
• Charles Hamilton, 8th Earl of Haddington (1753–1828), Scottish nobleman
• Charles Hamilton, Count of Arran (1691-1754)
• Sir Charles Edward Archibald Watkin Hamilton, 5th Baronet (1876–1939), a British convert to Islam
• Sir Charles John James Hamilton, 3rd Baronet (1810–1892), of the Hamilton baronets

• Charles Hamilton (orientalist) (1753?–1792), British East India Company soldier, known for his English translation of Al-Hidayah
• Charles Iain Hamilton, naval historian at the University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
• Charles Powell Hamilton (1747–1825), Royal Navy admiral
• Charles R. Hamilton, US Army general and former commander of the United States Army Materiel Command
• Charles S. Hamilton (born 1952), US Navy admiral
• Charles S. Hamilton (philatelist) (1882–1968), US Army colonel and philatelist
• Charles Smith Hamilton (1822–1891), Union Army general during the American Civil War

• Charles Hamilton, Lord Binning (1697–1732), Scottish politician
• Charles Hamilton (MP) (1704–1786), Member of Parliament for Truro
• Sir Charles Hamilton, 1st Baronet (1845–1928), British Member of Parliament for Rotherhithe, 1885–1892
• Sir Charles Hamilton, 2nd Baronet, of Marlborough House (1767–1849), governor of the colony of Newfoundland
• Charles A. Hamilton, an Administrator of the British Indian Ocean Territory in 2005
• Charles Edward Hamilton (1844–1919), Canadian politician
• Charles Hadley Hamilton (1850–1915), Wisconsin lawyer and politician, son of Charles Smith Hamilton
• Charles James Hamilton (1855–1937), Conservative member of the Canadian House of Commons
• Charles Mann Hamilton (1874–1942), US Representative from New York, House minority whip
• Charles McGill Hamilton (1878–1952), Canadian farmer and political figure in Saskatchewan
• Charles Memorial Hamilton (1840–1875), US Representative from Florida
• Charles V. Hamilton (1929–2023), political scientist and civil rights leader

• Charles Hamilton (bishop) (1834–1919), Anglican bishop of Ottawa
• Charles Hamilton (female husband) (c. 1721–1724), woman who married while living as a man
• Charles Hamilton (handwriting expert) (1913–1996), American paleographer, handwriting expert and author of historical works
• Charles S. Hamilton (philatelist) (1882–1968), American philatelist and US Army colonel
• Charles Hamilton (rapper) (born 1987), American rapper
• Charles Hamilton (writer) (1876–1961), English story writer, primarily under the pen name Frank Richards
• Charles H. Hamilton, one-time editor of the libertarian The Freeman journal
• Charles K. Hamilton (1885–1914), early American aviator
• Chuck Hamilton (1939–2023), Canadian ice hockey player
• Charles "Uncle Chucc" Hamilton, a member of the production and songwriting collective 1500 or Nothin'

• Charles Hamilton, Scarlett O'Hara's first husband and Melanie Hamilton's brother in Gone with the Wind

• Hamilton, Charles (album), an album by rapper Charles Hamilton
• Charles Baillie-Hamilton (disambiguation)